{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390932779","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2024.3353575","title":"Using Deep Learning for Glacier Thickness Estimation at a Regional Scale","display_name":"Using Deep Learning for Glacier Thickness Estimation at a Regional Scale","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390932779","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2024.3353575"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2024.3353575","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2024.3353575","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032411086","display_name":"Lorenzo Lopez Uroz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0957-617X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lorenzo Lopez Uroz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire d’Informatique, Systèmes, Traitement de l’Information et de la Connaissance (LISTIC), University Savoie Mont Blanc, Annecy-le-Vieux, France","LISTIC - Laboratoire d'Informatique, Syst\u00e8mes, Traitement de l'Information et de la Connaissance (BP 80439 74944 ANNECY LE VIEUX Cedex - France)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire d’Informatique, Systèmes, Traitement de l’Information et de la Connaissance (LISTIC), University Savoie Mont Blanc, Annecy-le-Vieux, France","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LISTIC - Laboratoire d'Informatique, Syst\u00e8mes, Traitement de l'Information et de la Connaissance (BP 80439 74944 ANNECY LE VIEUX Cedex - France)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049626483","display_name":"Yajing Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2897-2317"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yajing Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire d’Informatique, Systèmes, Traitement de l’Information et de la Connaissance (LISTIC), University Savoie Mont Blanc, Annecy-le-Vieux, France","LISTIC - Laboratoire d'Informatique, Syst\u00e8mes, Traitement de l'Information et de la Connaissance (BP 80439 74944 ANNECY LE VIEUX Cedex - France)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire d’Informatique, Systèmes, Traitement de l’Information et de la Connaissance (LISTIC), University Savoie Mont Blanc, Annecy-le-Vieux, France","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LISTIC - Laboratoire d'Informatique, Syst\u00e8mes, Traitement de l'Information et de la Connaissance (BP 80439 74944 ANNECY LE VIEUX Cedex - France)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067804280","display_name":"Alexandre Beno\u00eet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0627-4948"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexandre Benoit","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire d’Informatique, Systèmes, Traitement de l’Information et de la Connaissance (LISTIC), University Savoie Mont Blanc, Annecy-le-Vieux, France","LISTIC - Laboratoire d'Informatique, Syst\u00e8mes, Traitement de l'Information et de la Connaissance (BP 80439 74944 ANNECY LE VIEUX Cedex - France)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire d’Informatique, Systèmes, Traitement de l’Information et de la Connaissance (LISTIC), University Savoie Mont Blanc, Annecy-le-Vieux, France","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LISTIC - Laboratoire d'Informatique, Syst\u00e8mes, Traitement de l'Information et de la Connaissance (BP 80439 74944 ANNECY LE VIEUX Cedex - France)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062116503","display_name":"Antoine Rabatel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5304-1055"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106785703","display_name":"Institut polytechnique de Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/05sbt2524","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088668","display_name":"Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/003vg9w96","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088668"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121220","display_name":"Institut des G\u00e9osciences de l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/01wwcfa26","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1327553481","https://openalex.org/I154202486","https://openalex.org/I2799535048","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210139971","https://openalex.org/I4210148025","https://openalex.org/I4210150872","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4405257220","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166444","display_name":"Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement","ror":"https://ror.org/05q3vnk25","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1327553481","https://openalex.org/I154202486","https://openalex.org/I2799535048","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4405257220"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antoine Rabatel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Grenoble-INP, Grenoble, France","IGE - Institut des G\u00e9osciences de l\u2019Environnement (UGA - IGE\r\nCS 40700\r\n38 058 Grenoble Cedex 9 - France)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Grenoble-INP, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IGE - Institut des G\u00e9osciences de l\u2019Environnement (UGA - IGE\r\nCS 40700\r\n38 058 Grenoble Cedex 9 - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020621134","display_name":"Sophie Giffard\u2010Roisin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5606-145X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112832","display_name":"Institut des Sciences de la Terre","ror":"https://ror.org/01cf2sz15","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1327553481","https://openalex.org/I154202486","https://openalex.org/I2799535048","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210112832","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210154111","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4405257220","https://openalex.org/I70900168","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154111","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Gustave Eiffel","ror":"https://ror.org/03x42jk29","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154111"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166444","display_name":"Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement","ror":"https://ror.org/05q3vnk25","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1327553481","https://openalex.org/I154202486","https://openalex.org/I2799535048","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4405257220"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70900168","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Savoie Mont Blanc","ror":"https://ror.org/04gqg1a07","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70900168"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sophie Giffard-Roisin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), IRD, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France","ISTerre - Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre, OSUG-C (Maison des G\u00e9osciences), 1381, rue de la Piscine, 38610 GIERES\r\nISTerre, Universit\u00e9 Savoie Mont Blanc, Campus Scientifique, 73376 Le Bourget-du-Lac Cedex - France)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), IRD, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112832","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I4210154111"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ISTerre - Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre, OSUG-C (Maison des G\u00e9osciences), 1381, rue de la Piscine, 38610 GIERES\r\nISTerre, Universit\u00e9 Savoie Mont Blanc, Campus Scientifique, 73376 Le Bourget-du-Lac Cedex - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112832","https://openalex.org/I70900168","https://openalex.org/I4210154111"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022093918","display_name":"Christophe Lin-Kwong-Chon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7984-4649"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christophe Lin-Kwong-Chon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire d’Informatique, Systèmes, Traitement de l’Information et de la Connaissance (LISTIC), University Savoie Mont Blanc, Annecy-le-Vieux, France","LISTIC - Laboratoire d'Informatique, Syst\u00e8mes, Traitement de l'Information et de la Connaissance (BP 80439 74944 ANNECY LE VIEUX Cedex - France)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire d’Informatique, Systèmes, Traitement de l’Information et de la Connaissance (LISTIC), University Savoie Mont Blanc, Annecy-le-Vieux, France","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LISTIC - Laboratoire d'Informatique, Syst\u00e8mes, Traitement de l'Information et de la Connaissance (BP 80439 74944 ANNECY LE VIEUX Cedex - France)","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032411086"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6362,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88142272,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11333","display_name":"Climate change and permafrost","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10535","display_name":"Landslides and related hazards","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glacier","display_name":"Glacier","score":0.6966655254364014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5869908928871155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5844215154647827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bedrock","display_name":"Bedrock","score":0.5630490183830261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.5598948001861572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-elevation-model","display_name":"Digital elevation model","score":0.5362175703048706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.46029743552207947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change","display_name":"Climate change","score":0.41576704382896423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.39816051721572876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.3819091022014618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3639175295829773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.345731258392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.32754647731781006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geomorphology","display_name":"Geomorphology","score":0.30577608942985535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.15945741534233093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.13393372297286987}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100834320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35666","display_name":"Glacier","level":2,"score":0.6966655254364014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5869908928871155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5844215154647827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137527640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570309","display_name":"Bedrock","level":2,"score":0.5630490183830261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.5598948001861572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181843262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640492","display_name":"Digital elevation model","level":2,"score":0.5362175703048706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.46029743552207947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.41576704382896423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39816051721572876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.3819091022014618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3639175295829773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.345731258392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.32754647731781006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.30577608942985535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.15945741534233093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.13393372297286987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2024.3353575","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2024.3353575","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-04434824v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-04434824","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922466","display_name":"SPIRE - Sciences Po Institutional REpository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 2024, 21, pp.2000405. ⟨10.1109/LGRS.2024.3353575⟩","raw_type":"Journal articles"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.6100000143051147}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G190941047","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ANR-21-CE23-0012-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","ror":"https://ror.org/00rbzpz17"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2081390894","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2211739382","https://openalex.org/W2529168513","https://openalex.org/W2557438774","https://openalex.org/W2762685704","https://openalex.org/W2782977076","https://openalex.org/W2885706067","https://openalex.org/W2906141267","https://openalex.org/W2912817725","https://openalex.org/W3014029212","https://openalex.org/W3098900881","https://openalex.org/W3164119269","https://openalex.org/W3205477830","https://openalex.org/W4200515797","https://openalex.org/W4210269304","https://openalex.org/W4283750495"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2910007660","https://openalex.org/W2049317151","https://openalex.org/W2000348081","https://openalex.org/W3094599561","https://openalex.org/W1507395039","https://openalex.org/W4385981108","https://openalex.org/W3007014388","https://openalex.org/W174217001","https://openalex.org/W2201597641","https://openalex.org/W1963521198"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Mountain":[0],"glaciers":[1,108],"play":[2],"a":[3,49,55,64,73,83],"critical":[4],"role":[5],"for":[6,59,121],"mountain":[7],"ecosystems":[8],"and":[9,19,32,72,96,143,159,171],"society":[10],"with":[11],"major":[12],"concerns":[13],"related":[14,20,183],"to":[15,184],"their":[16],"future":[17,25],"evolution":[18,26],"water":[21],"resources.":[22],"Modeling":[23],"glacier":[24],"allows":[27],"anticipating":[28],"climate":[29],"change":[30],"impacts":[31],"informing":[33],"policy":[34],"decisions.":[35],"It":[36],"relies":[37],"on":[38,89],"accurate":[39],"ice":[40,60,69,124,149,178],"thickness":[41,61,125],"estimation":[42,62],"at":[43,63],"regional":[44,65],"scales.":[45],"This":[46],"paper":[47],"proposes":[48],"deep":[50,117],"learning":[51,57,118],"based":[52,88,119],"approach":[53,120],"in":[54,109,202],"supervised":[56],"framework":[58],"scale":[66,123],"from":[67,104,156,190],"surface":[68],"velocity":[70],"measurements":[71,158],"digital":[74],"elevation":[75],"model.":[76],"A":[77],"neural":[78,134,165],"network":[79,135,166],"model":[80,94,136,141,146,167],"built":[81],"upon":[82],"ResNet":[84],"architecture":[85],"is":[86,181,199],"proposed":[87,164],"the":[90,93,97,110,114,133,140,145,153,160,163,174,187,195,203],"trade-off":[91],"between":[92,152,169],"complexity":[95],"prediction":[98,142],"efficiency.":[99],"Promising":[100],"results":[101],"are":[102],"obtained":[103],"data":[105],"including":[106],"1400":[107],"Swiss":[111],"Alps,":[112],"highlighting":[113],"potential":[115],"of":[116,129,173,186,194],"large":[122],"estimation.":[126],"The":[127,148],"incorporation":[128],"expert\u2019s":[130],"knowledge":[131],"into":[132],"further":[137],"helps":[138],"refine":[139],"improve":[144],"relevance.":[147],"volume":[150,179],"difference":[151,180],"reference":[154,175],"issued":[155],"GPR":[157],"predictions":[161],"by":[162],"varies":[168],"0.5%":[170],"16%":[172],"volume.":[176],"Larger":[177],"mainly":[182],"over-deepening":[185],"bedrock":[188],"resulting":[189],"past":[191],"larger":[192],"extent":[193],"glacier,":[196],"which":[197],"information":[198],"not":[200],"included":[201],"data.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}