{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387245235","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2023.3319011","title":"Evaluation of Multisignal and Multiorbit Multipath Reflectometry of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System","display_name":"Evaluation of Multisignal and Multiorbit Multipath Reflectometry of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387245235","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2023.3319011"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2023.3319011","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2023.3319011","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101774806","display_name":"Xiaolei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4266-0640"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaolei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100579813","display_name":"Xiufeng He","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiufeng He","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101774806"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5294,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92223195,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11405","display_name":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.7646757960319519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.700954794883728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geostationary-orbit","display_name":"Geostationary orbit","score":0.6639494299888611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.5982548594474792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.581458330154419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geosynchronous-orbit","display_name":"Geosynchronous orbit","score":0.5775011777877808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medium-earth-orbit","display_name":"Medium Earth orbit","score":0.566627025604248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-propagation","display_name":"Multipath propagation","score":0.5581000447273254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.5575733780860901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5332645177841187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beidou-navigation-satellite-system","display_name":"BeiDou Navigation Satellite System","score":0.5310573577880859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-system","display_name":"Satellite system","score":0.4975927174091339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glonass","display_name":"GLONASS","score":0.49023324251174927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-navigation","display_name":"Satellite navigation","score":0.4646906852722168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/galileo","display_name":"Galileo (satellite navigation)","score":0.44118908047676086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orbit","display_name":"Orbit (dynamics)","score":0.4390036165714264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflectometry","display_name":"Reflectometry","score":0.4380359649658203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orbit-determination","display_name":"Orbit determination","score":0.41203010082244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.27631089091300964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.17454791069030762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1626419723033905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.09064564108848572}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.7646757960319519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.700954794883728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16405173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192316","display_name":"Geostationary orbit","level":3,"score":0.6639494299888611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.5982548594474792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.581458330154419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94042562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q472251","display_name":"Geosynchronous orbit","level":3,"score":0.5775011777877808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199301463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218414","display_name":"Medium Earth orbit","level":4,"score":0.566627025604248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.5581000447273254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.5575733780860901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5332645177841187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777783341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857141","display_name":"BeiDou Navigation Satellite System","level":4,"score":0.5310573577880859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778027091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25346003","display_name":"Satellite system","level":4,"score":0.4975927174091339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102451475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486250","display_name":"GLONASS","level":4,"score":0.49023324251174927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36301306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179435","display_name":"Satellite navigation","level":3,"score":0.4646906852722168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177219330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193902","display_name":"Galileo (satellite navigation)","level":2,"score":0.44118908047676086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196644772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3884964","display_name":"Orbit (dynamics)","level":2,"score":0.4390036165714264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778925768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454718","display_name":"Reflectometry","level":3,"score":0.4380359649658203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107768556","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q302660","display_name":"Orbit determination","level":3,"score":0.41203010082244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.27631089091300964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.17454791069030762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1626419723033905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.09064564108848572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103824480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185889","display_name":"Time domain","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2023.3319011","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2023.3319011","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.5}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6943725883","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41804005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978220353","https://openalex.org/W1980725948","https://openalex.org/W2004381150","https://openalex.org/W2039721961","https://openalex.org/W2054539972","https://openalex.org/W2096117387","https://openalex.org/W2113760121","https://openalex.org/W2128899743","https://openalex.org/W2179651300","https://openalex.org/W2491625194","https://openalex.org/W2560477285","https://openalex.org/W2566251519","https://openalex.org/W2593051926","https://openalex.org/W2808348656","https://openalex.org/W2898667709","https://openalex.org/W2919576603","https://openalex.org/W2951285277","https://openalex.org/W4318067085"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4385385640","https://openalex.org/W2952675445","https://openalex.org/W2367913868","https://openalex.org/W2918596678","https://openalex.org/W2910941886","https://openalex.org/W3002443663","https://openalex.org/W1866831536","https://openalex.org/W3088939607","https://openalex.org/W2896734267","https://openalex.org/W4323545049"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Global":[0],"navigation":[1],"satellite":[2],"system":[3],"multipath":[4],"reflectometry":[5],"(GNSS-MR)":[6],"has":[7,62],"been":[8,38],"validated":[9],"for":[10,40],"estimation":[11],"of":[12,26,54,88,103,120,131,148,155],"water":[13,110],"level.":[14],"More":[15],"satellites":[16],"and":[17,23,31,76,101,136],"signals":[18,89,98,122,130],"would":[19],"aid":[20],"the":[21,51,60,68,85,97,129,132,153],"accuracy":[22,147],"sampling":[24],"rate":[25],"GNSS-MR.":[27],"GPS,":[28],"GLONASS,":[29],"Galileo,":[30],"BeiDou":[32],"Navigation":[33],"Satellite":[34],"System-2":[35],"(BDS-2)":[36],"have":[37,123],"studied":[39],"their":[41],"GNSS-MR":[42,149],"water-level":[43,118],"retrieval":[44,52,86],"performance.":[45],"This":[46,81],"study":[47,82],"focuses":[48],"on":[49],"evaluating":[50],"performance":[53,87],"new":[55],"BDS-3":[56,121],"signals.":[57],"In":[58],"addition,":[59],"BDS":[61,104,143,156],"a":[63],"unique":[64],"orbit":[65,70,74,79],"design,":[66],"including":[67],"geostationary":[69],"(GEO),":[71],"inclined":[72],"geosynchronous":[73],"(IGSO),":[75],"medium":[77],"earth":[78],"(MEO).":[80],"also":[83],"examined":[84],"from":[90,99,114],"different":[91],"orbits.":[92],"The":[93,117,146],"results":[94],"showed":[95],"that":[96,162],"IGSO":[100],"MEO":[102],"can":[105],"be":[106],"used":[107],"to":[108,128,141],"retrieve":[109],"level,":[111],"whereas":[112],"those":[113],"GEO":[115],"cannot.":[116],"retrievals":[119,151],"similar":[124],"root-mean-square":[125],"errors":[126],"(RMSEs)":[127],"other":[133],"three":[134],"constellations,":[135],"lower":[137,142],"RMSEs":[138],"are":[139],"related":[140],"signal":[144],"frequencies.":[145],"combined":[150],"with":[152,161],"participation":[154],"improved":[157],"by":[158],"22.04%":[159],"compared":[160],"without":[163],"BDS.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
