{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4322576901","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2023.3249960","title":"A Density and Distance-Based Method for ICESat-2 Photon-Counting Data Denoising","display_name":"A Density and Distance-Based Method for ICESat-2 Photon-Counting Data Denoising","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4322576901","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2023.3249960"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2023.3249960","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2023.3249960","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010697139","display_name":"Xuebo Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1872-8895"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xuebo Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021778113","display_name":"Chunping Hou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8772-0198"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunping Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033173193","display_name":"Meiyan Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3838-0307"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meiyan Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074786060","display_name":"Dan Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2262-9603"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100703869","display_name":"Menglong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2766-7329"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Menglong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010697139"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4593,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88129769,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10271","display_name":"Seismic Imaging and Inversion Techniques","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10930","display_name":"Flood Risk Assessment and Management","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photon","display_name":"Photon","score":0.637515127658844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.6308752298355103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.5464056134223938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-reduction","display_name":"Noise reduction","score":0.5230042338371277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.45616278052330017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photon-counting","display_name":"Photon counting","score":0.44820713996887207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4324921667575836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.37768658995628357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3382357358932495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.3183663487434387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.2729581296443939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.18373748660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.1116405725479126}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159317903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3198","display_name":"Photon","level":2,"score":0.637515127658844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.6308752298355103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5464056134223938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163294075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581861","display_name":"Noise reduction","level":2,"score":0.5230042338371277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.45616278052330017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781402376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17126172","display_name":"Photon counting","level":3,"score":0.44820713996887207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4324921667575836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.37768658995628357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3382357358932495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3183663487434387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2729581296443939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.18373748660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.1116405725479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2023.3249960","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2023.3249960","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","score":0.8600000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5673975371","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61520106002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G888847521","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61731003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1998011866","https://openalex.org/W2018203824","https://openalex.org/W2783102179","https://openalex.org/W2792703975","https://openalex.org/W2949646407","https://openalex.org/W2956453367","https://openalex.org/W3037823952","https://openalex.org/W3133474646","https://openalex.org/W3149173575","https://openalex.org/W3170115643","https://openalex.org/W3174629619","https://openalex.org/W3176418897","https://openalex.org/W3210787280","https://openalex.org/W3213329769","https://openalex.org/W4213205196","https://openalex.org/W4285194766"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1998362441","https://openalex.org/W2048850214","https://openalex.org/W2033381377","https://openalex.org/W2025695699","https://openalex.org/W2387796150","https://openalex.org/W3094463312","https://openalex.org/W4307466863","https://openalex.org/W771328121","https://openalex.org/W2059277266","https://openalex.org/W2094027737"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,54,70,81],"Ice,":[1],"Cloud,":[2],"and":[3,17,42,67,78,97,153,202],"Land":[4],"Elevation":[5],"Satellite-2":[6],"(ICESat-2)":[7],"dynamically":[8],"monitors":[9],"water":[10,65,68,121],"depth":[11,122],"in":[12,91,196],"shallow":[13],"waters":[14],"around":[15],"islands":[16],"reefs.":[18],"Noise":[19],"removal":[20],"is":[21,110,137,205],"a":[22,40,84,132,159],"prerequisite":[23],"for":[24,139],"accurate":[25],"reconstruction":[26],"of":[27,74,193],"seafloor":[28,48,75],"topography":[29],"based":[30],"on":[31],"ICESat-2":[32,52,172],"data":[33],"products.":[34],"To":[35],"this":[36],"end,":[37],"we":[38],"propose":[39],"density":[41],"distance-based":[43,134],"method":[44],"(DDBM)":[45],"to":[46,88,94,119,123,174],"extract":[47],"signal":[49,76,99,151],"photons":[50,59,72,77,93],"from":[51,149,163],"data.":[53],"DDBM":[55,82,195],"first":[56,103],"separates":[57],"the":[58,102,116,120,129,150,154,164,176,180,183,194,203],"into":[60],"three":[61,170],"parts:":[62],"above":[63,200],"water,":[64],"surface,":[66],"column.":[69],"water-column":[71,92],"consist":[73],"noise":[79,90,126,142,145],"photons.":[80,100,127],"adopts":[83],"two-step":[85],"denoising":[86],"strategy":[87],"remove":[89,124],"obtain":[95],"pure":[96],"complete":[98],"In":[101,128],"step,":[104,131],"an":[105],"orientation-variable":[106],"adaptive":[107],"ellipse":[108],"filter":[109,135],"developed,":[111],"which":[112],"can":[113],"adaptively":[114],"adjust":[115],"parameters":[117],"according":[118],"low-density":[125],"second":[130],"novel":[133],"(DBF)":[136],"designed":[138],"stubborn":[140],"high-density":[141,171],"clusters.":[143],"These":[144],"clusters":[146],"are":[147,199],"far":[148],"photons,":[152],"DBF":[155],"removes":[156],"them":[157],"by":[158],"distance":[160],"threshold":[161,166],"derived":[162],"Otsu":[165],"method.":[167],"We":[168],"select":[169],"datasets":[173,198],"validate":[175],"DDBM.":[177],"Compared":[178],"with":[179],"reference":[181],"data,":[182],"comprehensive":[184],"evaluation":[185],"indexes":[186],"<inline-formula":[187],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[188],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[189],"<tex-math":[190],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$F$":[191],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[192],"all":[197],"0.99,":[201],"highest":[204],"0.998,":[206],"showing":[207],"superior":[208],"performance.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T14:29:43.386196","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}