{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285818471","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2022.3192318","title":"An Improved Two-Scale Model for Sea Surface Scattering in the Transition Range of Incidence Angles","display_name":"An Improved Two-Scale Model for Sea Surface Scattering in the Transition Range of Incidence Angles","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285818471","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2022.3192318"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2022.3192318","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2022.3192318","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060442859","display_name":"Jing Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7256-9085"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162190","display_name":"China University of Petroleum, East China","ror":"https://ror.org/05gbn2817","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jing Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089369813","display_name":"Yong Wan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0839-6738"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162190","display_name":"China University of Petroleum, East China","ror":"https://ror.org/05gbn2817","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Wan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072563820","display_name":"Chenqing Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8719-3615"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I211433327","display_name":"Ministry of Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxqx159","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114556","display_name":"First Institute of Oceanography","ror":"https://ror.org/01y34t753","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210114556","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenqing Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114556","https://openalex.org/I211433327"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017396320","display_name":"Yongshou Dai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162190","display_name":"China University of Petroleum, East China","ror":"https://ror.org/05gbn2817","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongshou Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060442859"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7789,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71037748,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10255","display_name":"Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10647","display_name":"Coastal and Marine Dynamics","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1904","display_name":"Earth-Surface Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/specular-reflection","display_name":"Specular reflection","score":0.7919037342071533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattering","display_name":"Scattering","score":0.714301347732544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.6309407949447632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/braggs-law","display_name":"Bragg's law","score":0.5107712745666504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.47011032700538635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backscatter","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","score":0.44627436995506287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.413750559091568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.38185012340545654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-physics","display_name":"Computational physics","score":0.35533130168914795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3228148818016052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.32095494866371155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.20013079047203064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.170098215341568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.11587217450141907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffraction","display_name":"Diffraction","score":0.1121913492679596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10983902215957642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.10518601536750793}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118381688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1079524","display_name":"Specular reflection","level":2,"score":0.7919037342071533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.714301347732544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.6309407949447632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39693636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847354","display_name":"Bragg's law","level":3,"score":0.5107712745666504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.47011032700538635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30354325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204667","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","level":3,"score":0.44627436995506287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.413750559091568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.38185012340545654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30475298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909554","display_name":"Computational physics","level":1,"score":0.35533130168914795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3228148818016052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.32095494866371155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20013079047203064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.170098215341568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.11587217450141907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207114421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133900","display_name":"Diffraction","level":2,"score":0.1121913492679596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10983902215957642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.10518601536750793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2022.3192318","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2022.3192318","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8700000047683716,"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1807232667","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41974144","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1534053224","https://openalex.org/W1963834619","https://openalex.org/W1968621060","https://openalex.org/W2001247608","https://openalex.org/W2028070629","https://openalex.org/W2037574201","https://openalex.org/W2041692138","https://openalex.org/W2066138973","https://openalex.org/W2074969341","https://openalex.org/W2100807107","https://openalex.org/W2105572471","https://openalex.org/W2118878957","https://openalex.org/W2133596865","https://openalex.org/W2177356461","https://openalex.org/W2463978868","https://openalex.org/W2548242610","https://openalex.org/W2587765506","https://openalex.org/W2786586761","https://openalex.org/W2790354721","https://openalex.org/W2907940828","https://openalex.org/W2909481090","https://openalex.org/W2927456831","https://openalex.org/W2987933098","https://openalex.org/W2992158745","https://openalex.org/W3013060503","https://openalex.org/W3199765036"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4389501116","https://openalex.org/W2559833131","https://openalex.org/W2730225583","https://openalex.org/W2175900582","https://openalex.org/W4388910335","https://openalex.org/W2033029047","https://openalex.org/W4353109604","https://openalex.org/W2123949214","https://openalex.org/W2049706762","https://openalex.org/W3036296822"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"improved":[1],"two-scale":[2],"model":[3,58,136],"(I-TSM)":[4],"for":[5,90,188],"the":[6,16,25,45,54,63,76,86,101,110,115,123,127,134,169,173,183],"incidence":[7,77,94,128,184],"angle":[8,78,117,129,185],"transition":[9,130,186],"range":[10,187],"(5-11&#x00B0;)":[11],"is":[12,82],"proposed":[13],"by":[14,109],"analyzing":[15],"contributions":[17],"of":[18,37,53,122,151,156,162,195],"both":[19],"quasi-specular":[20,64,102],"and":[21,41,50,68,79,96,103,119,137,158,192],"Bragg":[22,70,87,104],"scatterings":[23,105],"to":[24,61,75,84],"total":[26],"sea":[27],"surface":[28,38],"scattering.":[29],"With":[30],"normalized":[31],"radar":[32],"cross":[33],"section":[34],"(NRCS)":[35],"products":[36,167],"wave":[39],"investigation":[40],"monitoring":[42],"(SWIM)":[43],"instrument,":[44],"mean":[46,147],"square":[47,148],"slope":[48],"(MSS)":[49],"reflection":[51],"coefficient":[52],"geometrical":[55],"optics":[56],"(GO)":[57],"are":[59,168],"modified":[60],"simulate":[62],"scattering":[65,71,88,159,189],"in":[66,106,126,172,182],"I-TSM,":[67],"a":[69],"contribution":[72],"factor":[73],"adaptive":[74],"wind":[80,97],"speed":[81],"fitted":[83],"provide":[85,177],"component":[89],"I-TSM.":[91],"At":[92],"different":[93],"angles":[95],"speeds,":[98],"I-TSM":[99,113,140,175],"combines":[100],"variable":[107],"proportions":[108],"fitting":[111],"factor.":[112],"avoids":[114],"critical":[116],"selection":[118],"separation":[120],"problems":[121],"traditional":[124,138],"TSM":[125],"range.":[131],"Compared":[132],"with":[133,145],"GO":[135],"TSM,":[139],"has":[141],"significantly":[142],"higher":[143],"accuracies":[144],"root":[146],"error":[149,154],"(RMSE)":[150],"0.309dB,":[152],"relative":[153],"(RE)":[155],"2.019%":[157],"index":[160],"(SI)":[161],"0.03":[163],"when":[164],"SWIM":[165],"NRCS":[166,179],"standard":[170],"data":[171,181],"validation.":[174],"will":[176],"high-precision":[178],"simulation":[180,194],"characteristics":[190],"analysis":[191],"echo":[193],"SWIM.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
