{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285278566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2022.3176463","title":"Soil Moisture Estimation Based on GNSS-R Using L5 Signals From a Quasi-Zenith Satellite System","display_name":"Soil Moisture Estimation Based on GNSS-R Using L5 Signals From a Quasi-Zenith Satellite System","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285278566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2022.3176463"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2022.3176463","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2022.3176463","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041419172","display_name":"Nazi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9443-8350"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nazi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, China","Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209. China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9443-8350","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044686939","display_name":"Fan Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8473-1307"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fan Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, China","Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209. China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8473-1307","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111655427","display_name":"Yahui Kong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yahui Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, China","Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082201226","display_name":"Tianhe Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5818-6264"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianhe Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, China","Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209. China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5818-6264","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046076215","display_name":"Lili Jing","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lili Jing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, China","Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081351889","display_name":"Lei Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5702-5474"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74485261","display_name":"Shandong Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ke8fw32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74485261"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong, Taian, China","College of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5702-5474","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong, Taian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74485261"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74485261"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059013351","display_name":"Yunqiao He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2666-5110"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunqiao He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, China","Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209. China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2666-5110","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100706284","display_name":"Wentao Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8034-4716"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wentao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, China","Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073168884","display_name":"Xinyue Meng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinyue Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, China","Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057126340","display_name":"Baojiao Ning","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baojiao Ning","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, China","Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.837,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67196615,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9736999869346619,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.7956720590591431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflectometry","display_name":"Reflectometry","score":0.762955904006958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.7551215291023254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quasi-zenith-satellite-system","display_name":"Quasi-Zenith Satellite System","score":0.6787014007568359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5723869204521179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-system","display_name":"Satellite system","score":0.5683425664901733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.5159928798675537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-content","display_name":"Water content","score":0.5016241073608398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geostationary-orbit","display_name":"Geostationary orbit","score":0.4783848524093628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zenith","display_name":"Zenith","score":0.41888517141342163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.34085536003112793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.3205495774745941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.25301113724708557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.18456590175628662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-domain","display_name":"Time domain","score":0.14635786414146423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1421373188495636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13417044281959534}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.7956720590591431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778925768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454718","display_name":"Reflectometry","level":3,"score":0.762955904006958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.7551215291023254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68477667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q862327","display_name":"Quasi-Zenith Satellite System","level":5,"score":0.6787014007568359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5723869204521179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778027091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25346003","display_name":"Satellite system","level":4,"score":0.5683425664901733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.5159928798675537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24939127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373499","display_name":"Water content","level":2,"score":0.5016241073608398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16405173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192316","display_name":"Geostationary orbit","level":3,"score":0.4783848524093628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53970728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82806","display_name":"Zenith","level":2,"score":0.41888517141342163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.34085536003112793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.3205495774745941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.25301113724708557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.18456590175628662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103824480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185889","display_name":"Time domain","level":2,"score":0.14635786414146423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1421373188495636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13417044281959534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2022.3176463","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2022.3176463","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.5899999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4595626568","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021ZDSYS01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333596","funder_display_name":"Key Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6975752349","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41704017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7104143983","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SKLGED2020-3-6-E","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335678","funder_display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth's Dynamics"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7175837277","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41604003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7925436323","display_name":"\u878d\u5408\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6ee4\u6ce2\u7684\u5730\u7403\u81ea\u8f6c\u53c2\u6570\u9884\u62a5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"41874032","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333596","display_name":"Key Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335678","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth's Dynamics","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W155848418","https://openalex.org/W780274140","https://openalex.org/W1532691246","https://openalex.org/W1990484989","https://openalex.org/W1995167593","https://openalex.org/W2003269020","https://openalex.org/W2050022602","https://openalex.org/W2053976434","https://openalex.org/W2101293653","https://openalex.org/W2107580583","https://openalex.org/W2151475207","https://openalex.org/W2154303381","https://openalex.org/W2159223272","https://openalex.org/W2164919979","https://openalex.org/W2166105691","https://openalex.org/W2340574333","https://openalex.org/W2400960503","https://openalex.org/W2494779691","https://openalex.org/W2556014430","https://openalex.org/W2773816055","https://openalex.org/W2887502309","https://openalex.org/W2900400395","https://openalex.org/W2978354175","https://openalex.org/W2995002524","https://openalex.org/W3020729433","https://openalex.org/W3033999912","https://openalex.org/W3037068793","https://openalex.org/W3095275538","https://openalex.org/W3129912615","https://openalex.org/W3213076757"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210433010","https://openalex.org/W3163349149","https://openalex.org/W3199612934","https://openalex.org/W2597899012","https://openalex.org/W2336042583","https://openalex.org/W1971240570","https://openalex.org/W2492344019","https://openalex.org/W2609485406","https://openalex.org/W2997072635","https://openalex.org/W2594512460"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Global":[0],"Navigation":[1],"Satellite":[2],"System":[3],"Reflectometry":[4],"(GNSS-R)":[5],"is":[6],"a":[7,48,89,107,122],"passive":[8],"technique":[9],"for":[10,145],"remote":[11],"sensing":[12],"of":[13,41,65],"soil":[14,102,138,142],"moisture,":[15],"which":[16],"has":[17],"continuous":[18],"all-day":[19],"and":[20,32,55,80,97,159],"all-weather":[21],"applicability":[22],"on":[23,53,111],"different":[24,71],"platforms.":[25],"New":[26],"GNSS":[27],"signals":[28,82,132,155,172],"with":[29,62,93],"advanced":[30],"modulation":[31],"higher":[33],"power":[34,75,113],"are":[35],"expected":[36],"to":[37,136],"improve":[38],"the":[39,78,112],"performance":[40],"GNSS-R.":[42],"In":[43],"this":[44],"study,":[45],"we":[46],"performed":[47,162],"ground-based":[49],"dual-antenna":[50],"GNSS-R":[51],"experiment":[52],"farmland":[54],"collected":[56],"15-min":[57],"raw":[58],"intermediate":[59],"frequency":[60,64],"data":[61],"central":[63],"1175.42":[66],"MHz":[67],"hourly":[68],"over":[69],"two":[70],"24-h":[72],"periods.":[73],"The":[74],"ratio":[76],"between":[77],"direct":[79],"reflected":[81],"from":[83,150,166],"QZSS":[84,131],"satellites":[85],"were":[86,116],"computed":[87],"using":[88,106,118,121],"self-developed":[90],"software-defined":[91],"receiver":[92],"1-ms":[94],"coherent":[95],"integration":[96],"200-ms":[98],"incoherent":[99],"adds.":[100],"Then,":[101],"moisture":[103,139],"was":[104],"resolved":[105],"semiempirical":[108],"model":[109],"based":[110],"ratios.":[114],"Solutions":[115],"evaluated":[117],"measurements":[119],"obtained":[120],"time-domain":[123],"reflectometry":[124],"probe.":[125],"Results":[126],"demonstrated":[127],"that":[128],"signal":[129,146],"power-ratio-based":[130,147],"can":[133],"be":[134],"used":[135],"retrieve":[137],"under":[140],"bare":[141],"conditions.":[143],"Moreover,":[144],"case,":[148],"results":[149],"geostationary":[151],"orbit":[152,169],"(GEO)":[153],"satellite":[154,171],"(STD:":[156,173],"0.013":[157],"m3/m3":[158],"0.007":[160],"m3/m3)":[161],"better":[163],"than":[164],"those":[165],"inclined":[167],"geosynchronous":[168],"(IGSO)":[170],"0.033\u20130.071":[174],"m3/m3).":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
