{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4220966157","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2022.3162390","title":"Infrared Small Target Detection Utilizing Halo Structure Prior-Based Local Contrast Measure","display_name":"Infrared Small Target Detection Utilizing Halo Structure Prior-Based Local Contrast Measure","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4220966157","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2022.3162390"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2022.3162390","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2022.3162390","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101908280","display_name":"Jilong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-7253"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144662","display_name":"Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics","ror":"https://ror.org/0444j5556","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210144662"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jilong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technology Department of Unmanned Platform System, Xi&#x2019;an Institute of Applied Optics, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technology Department of Unmanned Platform System, Xi&#x2019;an Institute of Applied Optics, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144662"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102017233","display_name":"Huilin Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144662","display_name":"Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics","ror":"https://ror.org/0444j5556","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210144662"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huilin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technology Department of Unmanned Platform System, Xi&#x2019;an Institute of Applied Optics, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technology Department of Unmanned Platform System, Xi&#x2019;an Institute of Applied Optics, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144662"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100322370","display_name":"Lei Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5397-0284"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144662","display_name":"Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics","ror":"https://ror.org/0444j5556","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210144662"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technology Department of Unmanned Platform System, Xi&#x2019;an Institute of Applied Optics, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technology Department of Unmanned Platform System, Xi&#x2019;an Institute of Applied Optics, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144662"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100623008","display_name":"Jian He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1501-3886"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144662","display_name":"Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics","ror":"https://ror.org/0444j5556","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210144662"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technology Department of Unmanned Platform System, Xi&#x2019;an Institute of Applied Optics, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technology Department of Unmanned Platform System, Xi&#x2019;an Institute of Applied Optics, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144662"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101908280"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144662"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.775,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96192952,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11856","display_name":"Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques","score":0.9865999817848206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clutter","display_name":"Clutter","score":0.7737640142440796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7523428797721863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6983031034469604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structure-tensor","display_name":"Structure tensor","score":0.6816499829292297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5966954827308655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.5755537748336792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/target-acquisition","display_name":"Target acquisition","score":0.5406472682952881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5400223731994629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","score":0.5026059150695801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.48907238245010376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4157218933105469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.41416698694229126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/halo","display_name":"Halo","score":0.4123651385307312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.40099239349365234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.1390605866909027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.7737640142440796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7523428797721863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6983031034469604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113315163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7625159","display_name":"Structure tensor","level":3,"score":0.6816499829292297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5966954827308655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.5755537748336792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779726219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7685884","display_name":"Target acquisition","level":2,"score":0.5406472682952881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5400223731994629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.5026059150695801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.48907238245010376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4157218933105469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.41416698694229126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184665706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186310","display_name":"Halo","level":3,"score":0.4123651385307312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.40099239349365234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.1390605866909027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98444146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q318","display_name":"Galaxy","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2022.3162390","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2022.3162390","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978993121","https://openalex.org/W2006851788","https://openalex.org/W2041560658","https://openalex.org/W2041646550","https://openalex.org/W2080197848","https://openalex.org/W2291670705","https://openalex.org/W2324281119","https://openalex.org/W2341998679","https://openalex.org/W2472688184","https://openalex.org/W2604768956","https://openalex.org/W2790021535","https://openalex.org/W2897261831","https://openalex.org/W2912919760","https://openalex.org/W2953583213","https://openalex.org/W2991758591","https://openalex.org/W3009993648","https://openalex.org/W3092535672","https://openalex.org/W3124866053"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2095116634","https://openalex.org/W1598209139","https://openalex.org/W2308064968","https://openalex.org/W1965897874","https://openalex.org/W2052706302","https://openalex.org/W1506254081","https://openalex.org/W2089867446","https://openalex.org/W1994690353","https://openalex.org/W2056886394","https://openalex.org/W2951217132"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Infrared":[0],"(IR)":[1],"small":[2,61,139],"target":[3,53,62,114,119,145,165],"detection":[4,63],"under":[5],"low":[6],"signal-to-clutter":[7],"ratio":[8],"(SCR)":[9],"is":[10,72,133],"a":[11,29,58,97],"fundamental":[12],"and":[13,23,120,146],"important":[14],"problem":[15],"in":[16],"some":[17],"critical":[18],"missions":[19],"like":[20],"IR":[21,60,88,138],"search":[22],"tracking":[24],"(IRST).":[25],"Though":[26],"there":[27],"exist":[28],"lot":[30],"of":[31,52,80,112],"works":[32],"using":[33],"local":[34],"contrast":[35],"measure":[36],"(LCM)":[37],"to":[38,48,115,135,158,162],"detect":[39,136],"the":[40,49,77,81,86,108,113,117,137,144,148,155,164,180],"target,":[41,140],"their":[42],"performance":[43],"are":[44],"still":[45],"unsatisfying":[46],"due":[47],"imperfect":[50],"knowledge":[51],"structure.":[54],"In":[55],"this":[56,127],"letter,":[57],"novel":[59],"method":[64,132,177],"utilizing":[65],"halo":[66],"structure":[67,78,92],"prior":[68,102,128],"(HSP)-based":[69],"LCM":[70,131],"(HSPLCM)":[71],"proposed,":[73],"which":[74,106,141],"adequately":[75],"considers":[76],"characteristic":[79],"target.":[82],"Specifically,":[83],"through":[84],"weighting":[85],"raw":[87],"image":[89,91,101],"via":[90],"tensor,":[93],"we":[94,153],"put":[95],"forward":[96],"simple":[98],"but":[99],"useful":[100],"(named":[103],"as":[104],"HSP)":[105],"reflects":[107],"unique":[109],"structural":[110],"feature":[111],"distinguish":[116],"real":[118],"other":[121],"background":[122,149],"clutters.":[123],"Afterward,":[124],"based":[125],"on":[126],"an":[129],"effective":[130],"constructed":[134],"can":[142],"enhance":[143],"suppress":[147],"clutters":[150],"simultaneously.":[151],"Furthermore,":[152],"extend":[154],"proposed":[156,176],"algorithm":[157],"its":[159],"multiscale":[160],"version":[161],"solve":[163],"scale":[166],"uncertainty":[167],"issues.":[168],"Extensive":[169],"experimental":[170],"results":[171],"have":[172],"demonstrated":[173],"that":[174],"our":[175],"favorably":[178],"outperforms":[179],"state-of-the-arts.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
