{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4213146019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2022.3152864","title":"Detection of Soil Freeze/Thaw States at a High Spatial Resolution in Qinghai-Tibet Engineering Corridor","display_name":"Detection of Soil Freeze/Thaw States at a High Spatial Resolution in Qinghai-Tibet Engineering Corridor","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4213146019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2022.3152864"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2022.3152864","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2022.3152864","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033415752","display_name":"Xin Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1321-510X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences at Wuhan, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1321-510X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences at Wuhan, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059087343","display_name":"Junxiong Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7455-0759"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junxiong Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7455-0759","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082102192","display_name":"Qinghua Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4293-3354"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qinghua Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences at Wuhan, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4293-3354","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences at Wuhan, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039414724","display_name":"Zhengjia Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-6914"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengjia Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences at Wuhan, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences at Wuhan, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074230887","display_name":"Qihao Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7250-8781"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qihao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences at Wuhan, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7250-8781","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences at Wuhan, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088181131","display_name":"Xiuguo Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0045-9642"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiuguo Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences at Wuhan, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0045-9642","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences at Wuhan, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4068,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57202883,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11333","display_name":"Climate change and permafrost","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11333","display_name":"Climate change and permafrost","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.7217618227005005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.7140370011329651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-resolution","display_name":"Image resolution","score":0.6597347259521484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6026769280433655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiometer","display_name":"Radiometer","score":0.5393846035003662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectroradiometer","display_name":"Spectroradiometer","score":0.5112874507904053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/permafrost","display_name":"Permafrost","score":0.50352543592453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moderate-resolution-imaging-spectroradiometer","display_name":"Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer","score":0.48956164717674255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.3465292453765869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.09540876746177673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.0926835834980011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflectivity","display_name":"Reflectivity","score":0.07268181443214417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07047200202941895}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.7217618227005005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.7140370011329651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205372480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521","display_name":"Image resolution","level":2,"score":0.6597347259521484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6026769280433655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120189094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850281","display_name":"Radiometer","level":2,"score":0.5393846035003662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130066347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q680509","display_name":"Spectroradiometer","level":3,"score":0.5112874507904053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15098985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179918","display_name":"Permafrost","level":2,"score":0.50352543592453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777007095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676840","display_name":"Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer","level":3,"score":0.48956164717674255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3465292453765869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.09540876746177673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0926835834980011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108597893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663650","display_name":"Reflectivity","level":2,"score":0.07268181443214417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07047200202941895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2022.3152864","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2022.3152864","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.7400000095367432}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2935570825","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u8d85\u50cf\u7d20\u7684\u6781\u5316SAR\u57ce\u533a\u5efa\u7b51\u5bc6\u5ea6\u548c\u5bb9\u79ef\u7387\u4f30\u8ba1\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"41771467","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G424175774","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41801348","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976053561","https://openalex.org/W1976984800","https://openalex.org/W1979884400","https://openalex.org/W1991893068","https://openalex.org/W2005908526","https://openalex.org/W2008254587","https://openalex.org/W2015702996","https://openalex.org/W2021964057","https://openalex.org/W2043735836","https://openalex.org/W2044927495","https://openalex.org/W2087873369","https://openalex.org/W2105503694","https://openalex.org/W2146972543","https://openalex.org/W2168359209","https://openalex.org/W2170238287","https://openalex.org/W2600900657","https://openalex.org/W2736322878","https://openalex.org/W2777921833","https://openalex.org/W2788952672","https://openalex.org/W2791962623","https://openalex.org/W2883143085","https://openalex.org/W2890002466","https://openalex.org/W2933039097","https://openalex.org/W3120482307","https://openalex.org/W3155993469","https://openalex.org/W4206073119","https://openalex.org/W6637427202"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968901811","https://openalex.org/W2087241461","https://openalex.org/W2000355450","https://openalex.org/W2018712804","https://openalex.org/W1981340738","https://openalex.org/W2137763270","https://openalex.org/W1609312116","https://openalex.org/W2056962868","https://openalex.org/W2392000060","https://openalex.org/W2139647789"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,146],"freeze/thaw":[1],"(F/T)":[2],"state":[3,60],"of":[4,65,132,149],"the":[5,57,69,81,86,97,109,126,150],"soil":[6,16,58,137,152],"is":[7,53],"an":[8],"essential":[9],"indicator":[10],"for":[11,159],"permafrost":[12],"monitoring.":[13],"However,":[14],"current":[15],"F/T":[17,59,111,138,153],"products":[18],"with":[19,85],"a":[20,31,37,62,75,102],"coarse":[21,82],"spatial":[22,63],"resolution":[23,64,104],"(>1":[24],"km)":[25],"have":[26],"limited":[27],"their":[28],"use":[29],"on":[30,114,165],"fine":[32],"scale.":[33],"In":[34],"this":[35],"letter,":[36],"new":[38],"approach":[39],"integrating":[40],"two":[41],"microwave":[42,48],"sensors":[43],"[i.e.,":[44],"Sentinel-1":[45,115],"and":[46,143,157,161],"advanced":[47],"scanning":[49],"radiometer":[50],"2":[51],"(AMSR-2)]":[52],"developed":[54],"to":[55,79],"identify":[56],"at":[61,101],"10":[66],"m":[67],"in":[68],"Qinghai-Tibet":[70],"engineering":[71],"corridor":[72],"(QTEC).":[73],"Using":[74],"linear":[76],"regression":[77],"model":[78],"integrate":[80],"AMSR-2":[83],"data":[84],"finer":[87],"Moderate":[88],"Resolution":[89],"Imaging":[90],"Spectroradiometer":[91],"(MODIS)":[92],"land":[93],"surface":[94],"temperature":[95],"(LST),":[96],"frozen":[98],"frequency":[99],"product":[100],"1-km":[103],"can":[105,122],"be":[106,123],"obtained.":[107],"Then,":[108],"high-spatial-resolution":[110],"map":[112,154],"based":[113,164],"synthetic":[116],"aperture":[117],"radar":[118],"(SAR)":[119],"time-series":[120],"images":[121],"produced":[124],"using":[125],"threshold":[127],"extracted":[128],"from":[129],"each":[130],"pixel":[131],"frozen-frequency":[133],"products.":[134],"We":[135],"tested":[136],"results":[139],"via":[140],"both":[141],"visual":[142],"quantitative":[144],"evaluations.":[145],"overall":[147],"accuracy":[148],"10-m":[151],"achieves":[155],"84.63%":[156],"77.09%":[158],"ascending":[160],"descending":[162],"orbits":[163],"four":[166],"meteorological":[167],"stations,":[168],"respectively.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-12T08:23:45.883708","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
