{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4210793941","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2022.3148360","title":"Demonstration of Intermediate Frequency Digital Beamforming With X-Band and C-Band DBF-SARs","display_name":"Demonstration of Intermediate Frequency Digital Beamforming With X-Band and C-Band DBF-SARs","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4210793941","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2022.3148360"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2022.3148360","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2022.3148360","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062292480","display_name":"Xiangrui Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2628-9960"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangrui Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Beijing, China","School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2628-9960","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100406518","display_name":"Zhimin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7400-8556"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhimin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100657975","display_name":"Wei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0373-3659"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0373-3659","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047454664","display_name":"Chuanzhao Han","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuanzhao Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Remote Sensing Information, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Remote Sensing Information, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024487524","display_name":"Zhen Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6569-2077"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhen Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Beijing, China","School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6569-2077","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023570134","display_name":"Jinsong Qiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6696-7893"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinsong Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Beijing, China","School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6696-7893","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003705537","display_name":"Yuhao Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8510-1131"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuhao Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Beijing, China","School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8510-1131","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8162,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93507041,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7854636907577515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7304960489273071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.7125579118728638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.5468995571136475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4471922218799591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.41090333461761475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.40273961424827576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3738950490951538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signal-processing","display_name":"Digital signal processing","score":0.3534528315067291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.25706708431243896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.23237138986587524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.21071475744247437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.08900818228721619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08746880292892456}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7854636907577515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7304960489273071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.7125579118728638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5468995571136475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4471922218799591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.41090333461761475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.40273961424827576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3738950490951538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.3534528315067291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.25706708431243896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.23237138986587524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.21071475744247437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.08900818228721619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08746880292892456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2022.3148360","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2022.3148360","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6100000143051147,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6299710549","display_name":"\u661f\u8f7d\u8d85\u9ad8\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u5408\u6210\u5b54\u5f84\u96f7\u8fbe\u7cfb\u7edf\u5efa\u6a21\u4e0e\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61971401","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7744651530","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61901442","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977957956","https://openalex.org/W2003586188","https://openalex.org/W2011505518","https://openalex.org/W2025615944","https://openalex.org/W2052862999","https://openalex.org/W2080555455","https://openalex.org/W2127065135","https://openalex.org/W2289427765","https://openalex.org/W3004138379","https://openalex.org/W3196353971"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210376836","https://openalex.org/W2596211269","https://openalex.org/W197862639","https://openalex.org/W2360384790","https://openalex.org/W4232397253","https://openalex.org/W4235913033","https://openalex.org/W2109284253","https://openalex.org/W2039966832","https://openalex.org/W2359819289","https://openalex.org/W2027193681"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"High-resolution":[0],"wide":[1],"swath":[2],"(HRWS)":[3],"imaging":[4],"has":[5,65,70],"become":[6],"a":[7,25,39,148],"research":[8],"hotspot":[9],"in":[10,18,38,42,74,98,156],"the":[11,30,47,79,84,92,95,101,107,113,117,129,134,139,145],"field":[12],"of":[13,49,94,106,116],"synthetic":[14],"aperture":[15],"radars":[16],"(SARs)":[17],"recent":[19],"years.":[20],"Digital":[21],"beamforming":[22],"(DBF)":[23],"denotes":[24],"powerful":[26],"technique":[27],"for":[28,100],"obtaining":[29],"HRWS":[31],"images.":[32],"The":[33,104,125],"DBF":[34,61,140],"can":[35,132,151],"be":[36],"implemented":[37],"spaceborne":[40,149],"SAR":[41,150],"real":[43],"time":[44],"but":[45,68],"at":[46],"cost":[48],"massive":[50],"digital":[51,154],"resources.":[52],"To":[53],"solve":[54],"this":[55,77],"problem,":[56],"an":[57],"intermediate":[58],"frequency":[59],"(IF)":[60],"real-time":[62,157],"processing":[63],"architecture":[64],"been":[66,72],"proposed,":[67],"it":[69],"never":[71],"validated":[73],"practice.":[75],"In":[76],"letter,":[78],"X-band":[80],"16-channel":[81],"DBF-SAR":[82,87],"and":[83,122],"C-band":[85],"four-channel":[86],"are":[88],"used":[89],"to":[90],"demonstrate":[91],"effectiveness":[93],"IFDBF":[96,108,130,146],"scheme":[97,109,131],"practice":[99],"first":[102],"time.":[103],"performance":[105],"is":[110],"verified":[111],"by":[112,143],"detailed":[114],"analysis":[115],"signal-to-noise":[118],"ratio":[119],"(SNR)":[120],"improvement":[121,137],"system":[123],"complexity.":[124],"result":[126],"shows":[127],"that":[128],"achieve":[133],"same":[135],"SNR":[136],"as":[138],"scheme.":[141],"Moreover,":[142],"applying":[144],"scheme,":[147],"save":[152],"more":[153],"resources":[155],"processing.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
