{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4206192846","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3134587","title":"Rigorous Propagation of LiDAR Point Cloud Uncertainties to Spatially Regular Grids by a TIN Linear Interpolation","display_name":"Rigorous Propagation of LiDAR Point Cloud Uncertainties to Spatially Regular Grids by a TIN Linear Interpolation","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4206192846","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3134587"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2021.3134587","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3134587","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078041319","display_name":"Luyen K. Bui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1091-5573"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29199639","display_name":"Hanoi University of Mining and Geology","ror":"https://ror.org/01rw3qm79","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29199639"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US","VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luyen K. Bui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA","Faculty of Geomatics and Land Administration, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Hanoi, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1091-5573","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geomatics and Land Administration, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29199639"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034472952","display_name":"Craig Glennie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1570-0889"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Craig L Glennie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1570-0889","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064356437","display_name":"Preston Hartzell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8293-3706"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Preston J. Hartzell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8293-3706","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.535,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62268437,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpolation","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","score":0.7808678150177002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/triangulated-irregular-network","display_name":"Triangulated irregular network","score":0.7703527808189392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.6738815307617188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.6537818908691406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrain","display_name":"Terrain","score":0.650988757610321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.6050891876220703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multivariate-interpolation","display_name":"Multivariate interpolation","score":0.5825592279434204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-elevation-model","display_name":"Digital elevation model","score":0.4807441234588623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.47954675555229187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-interpolation","display_name":"Linear interpolation","score":0.4696468710899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.46104001998901367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.4077133536338806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3486761152744293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.330062597990036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2619575262069702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.219976007938385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bilinear-interpolation","display_name":"Bilinear interpolation","score":0.21109077334403992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.16133233904838562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.10174638032913208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.0758301317691803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polynomial","display_name":"Polynomial","score":0.06872668862342834}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137800194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11713455","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","level":3,"score":0.7808678150177002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131509275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2296387","display_name":"Triangulated irregular network","level":3,"score":0.7703527808189392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.6738815307617188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.6537818908691406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161840515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131","display_name":"Terrain","level":2,"score":0.650988757610321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.6050891876220703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203332170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6334079","display_name":"Multivariate interpolation","level":3,"score":0.5825592279434204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181843262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640492","display_name":"Digital elevation model","level":2,"score":0.4807441234588623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.47954675555229187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171836373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2266329","display_name":"Linear interpolation","level":3,"score":0.4696468710899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.46104001998901367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.4077133536338806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3486761152744293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.330062597990036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2619575262069702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.219976007938385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205203396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q612143","display_name":"Bilinear interpolation","level":2,"score":0.21109077334403992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.16133233904838562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.10174638032913208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0758301317691803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90119067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43260","display_name":"Polynomial","level":2,"score":0.06872668862342834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2021.3134587","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3134587","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G256411123","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"#1830734","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2002827932","https://openalex.org/W2015446807","https://openalex.org/W2018013509","https://openalex.org/W2020617337","https://openalex.org/W2049213025","https://openalex.org/W2049600539","https://openalex.org/W2053175758","https://openalex.org/W2071414858","https://openalex.org/W2097169065","https://openalex.org/W2104977717","https://openalex.org/W2117662933","https://openalex.org/W2124100693","https://openalex.org/W2151262104","https://openalex.org/W2161683853","https://openalex.org/W2168839937","https://openalex.org/W2252112553","https://openalex.org/W2752625874","https://openalex.org/W3094603447","https://openalex.org/W3190808735","https://openalex.org/W3193382303","https://openalex.org/W3194349994","https://openalex.org/W3202539670","https://openalex.org/W4232086175"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2951077607","https://openalex.org/W2188653007","https://openalex.org/W3151972826","https://openalex.org/W2327096297","https://openalex.org/W3150210773","https://openalex.org/W4292583799","https://openalex.org/W1514009816","https://openalex.org/W4396980157","https://openalex.org/W2110720153","https://openalex.org/W2223128433"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Airborne":[0],"light":[1],"detection":[2],"and":[3,49,58,111,163],"ranging":[4],"(LiDAR)":[5],"has":[6],"been":[7],"widely":[8,45],"applied":[9],"to":[10,32,63,87,97],"terrain":[11,155],"modeling,":[12],"but":[13],"a":[14,54,207],"gridded":[15],"digital":[16],"elevation":[17],"model":[18],"(DEM)":[19],"is":[20,30,185,189,197,204],"usually":[21],"adopted":[22],"for":[23,104],"most":[24,44],"applications.":[25],"The":[26,119,177],"LiDAR":[27,125,183],"point":[28,55,116,132,144,167],"cloud":[29,56,117,145,168],"transformed":[31],"grids":[33],"by":[34,206],"interpolation":[35,43,107],"methods,":[36],"with":[37,122],"triangulated":[38],"irregular":[39],"network":[40],"(TIN)":[41],"linear":[42,106,174],"used.":[46],"Both":[47],"horizontal":[48,110,162],"vertical":[50,77,99,112,133,140,164],"uncertainties":[51,100,113,134,141,165],"exist":[52],"in":[53,70],"dataset":[57,126],"should":[59,169],"therefore":[60],"be":[61,136,170],"propagated":[62,201],"grid":[64,102,131],"points":[65,103,184,196],"during":[66,172],"spatial":[67,175],"interpolation.":[68,176],"Studies":[69],"the":[71,76,89,115,143,148,154,199],"literature":[72],"have":[73],"either":[74],"considered":[75,171],"component":[78],"only":[79,139],"or":[80],"both":[81,109,161],"components":[82],"separately.":[83],"This":[84,157],"letter":[85,158],"proposes":[86],"apply":[88],"general":[90],"law":[91],"of":[92,94,114,130,142,150,166,179,209],"propagation":[93],"variances":[95],"(GLOPOVs)":[96],"estimate":[98],"at":[101],"TIN":[105,173,202],"considering":[108],"simultaneously.":[118],"experimental":[120],"results":[121],"an":[123],"airborne":[124],"indicate":[127],"that":[128,160,191],"underestimation":[129,151],"may":[135],"derived":[137],"if":[138,192],"are":[146],"considered;":[147],"amount":[149],"depends":[152],"on":[153],"slope.":[156],"suggests":[159],"effect":[178],"correlated":[180],"errors":[181],"between":[182,195],"also":[186],"examined.":[187],"It":[188],"shown":[190],"significant":[193],"correlation":[194],"ignored,":[198],"resulting":[200],"error":[203],"underestimated":[205],"factor":[208],"almost":[210],"2.":[211]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}