{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3212190469","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3127874","title":"Graph Convolution Networks for Seismic Events Classification Using Raw Waveform Data From Multiple Stations","display_name":"Graph Convolution Networks for Seismic Events Classification Using Raw Waveform Data From Multiple Stations","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3212190469","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3127874","mag":"3212190469"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2021.3127874","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3127874","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002789888","display_name":"Gwantae Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3239-1865"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gwantae Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058649200","display_name":"Bonhwa Ku","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7064-2074"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bonhwa Ku","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000245870","display_name":"Jae-Kwang Ahn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2518-7783"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335415512","display_name":"Korea Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/04nrmrg07","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335415512","https://openalex.org/I4210154521"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jae-Kwang Ahn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Meteorological Administration, Seoul, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Meteorological Administration, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1335415512"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026204977","display_name":"Hanseok Ko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8744-4514"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanseok Ko","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002789888"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1995,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95042981,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13018","display_name":"Seismology and Earthquake Studies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13018","display_name":"Seismology and Earthquake Studies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10110","display_name":"earthquake and tectonic studies","score":0.9904000163078308,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12424","display_name":"Earthquake Detection and Analysis","score":0.9868999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolution","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","score":0.7847016453742981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6381392478942871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.6243329048156738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.6227138638496399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.46102577447891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4485020041465759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4475543797016144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3885688781738281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.34528207778930664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.32067835330963135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.1746804118156433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08943578600883484}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45347329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166604","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.7847016453742981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6381392478942871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.6243329048156738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.6227138638496399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.46102577447891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4485020041465759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4475543797016144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3885688781738281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.34528207778930664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.32067835330963135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.1746804118156433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08943578600883484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2021.3127874","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3127874","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6399999856948853,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1975985350","https://openalex.org/W2001622803","https://openalex.org/W2080447864","https://openalex.org/W2102919512","https://openalex.org/W2166423844","https://openalex.org/W2252531811","https://openalex.org/W2324129795","https://openalex.org/W2528961483","https://openalex.org/W2730761802","https://openalex.org/W2762410434","https://openalex.org/W2794417179","https://openalex.org/W2798961812","https://openalex.org/W2907474694","https://openalex.org/W2936545890","https://openalex.org/W2942977592","https://openalex.org/W2962835974","https://openalex.org/W2992786058","https://openalex.org/W3006351417","https://openalex.org/W3026481210","https://openalex.org/W3033276719","https://openalex.org/W3047855151","https://openalex.org/W3061277972","https://openalex.org/W3111922059","https://openalex.org/W3121383166","https://openalex.org/W6631190155"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974895211","https://openalex.org/W2176409448","https://openalex.org/W2129841057","https://openalex.org/W3040712279","https://openalex.org/W2364769705","https://openalex.org/W2056136368","https://openalex.org/W2374664672","https://openalex.org/W4367555392","https://openalex.org/W2883092465","https://openalex.org/W2964954556"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"letter":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,11],"multiple":[4,61],"station-based":[5],"seismic":[6,25],"event":[7],"classification":[8],"model":[9,37,80,93],"using":[10,99],"deep":[12],"convolution":[13,19,41,44,53],"neural":[14],"network":[15,20],"(CNN)":[16],"and":[17,33,46],"graph":[18,43,52],"(GCN).":[21],"To":[22],"classify":[23],"various":[24],"events,":[26],"such":[27],"as":[28],"natural":[29],"earthquakes,":[30,32],"artificial":[31],"noise,":[34],"the":[35,67,78,84,91],"proposed":[36,79,92],"consists":[38],"of":[39,102],"weight-shared":[40],"layers,":[42,45],"fully":[47],"connected":[48],"layers.":[49],"We":[50],"employed":[51],"layers":[54],"in":[55],"order":[56],"to":[57,74,83],"aggregate":[58],"features":[59],"from":[60,72],"stations.":[62],"Representative":[63],"experimental":[64],"results":[65],"with":[66],"Korean":[68],"peninsula":[69],"earthquake":[70],"datasets":[71],"2016":[73],"2019":[75],"showed":[76],"that":[77],"is":[81,107],"superior":[82],"single-station":[85],"based":[86],"state-of":[87],"the-art":[88],"methods.":[89],"Moreover,":[90],"significantly":[94],"reduced":[95],"false":[96],"alarms":[97],"when":[98],"continuous":[100],"waveforms":[101],"long":[103],"duration.":[104],"The":[105],"code":[106],"available":[108],"at.":[109],"<xref":[110],"ref-type=\"fn\"":[111],"rid=\"fn1\"":[112],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[113],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><sup>1</sup></xref>":[114]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}