{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3213118135","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3127713","title":"Coherent-Detecting and Incoherent-Modulating Microwave Coincidence Imaging With Off-Grid Errors","display_name":"Coherent-Detecting and Incoherent-Modulating Microwave Coincidence Imaging With Off-Grid Errors","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3213118135","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3127713","mag":"3213118135"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2021.3127713","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3127713","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080122826","display_name":"Kaicheng Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7305-8877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaicheng Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7305-8877","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009604459","display_name":"Yongqiang Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0127-384X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongqiang Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0127-384X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100389911","display_name":"Kang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3678-9659"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3678-9659","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101941741","display_name":"Jianqiu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3150-1647"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianqiu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3150-1647","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100757637","display_name":"Hongqiang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2522-9552"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongqiang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2522-9552","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3397,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5488672,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coincidence","display_name":"Coincidence","score":0.7045652270317078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave-imaging","display_name":"Microwave imaging","score":0.683366060256958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6220573782920837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5802884101867676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.5732482671737671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.5013048648834229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.4663276970386505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.45522674918174744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-subspace","display_name":"Signal subspace","score":0.4438017010688782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.43896767497062683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subspace-topology","display_name":"Subspace topology","score":0.43612784147262573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.38636544346809387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.29570120573043823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave","display_name":"Microwave","score":0.26014673709869385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.22317445278167725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1433444321155548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.1105489432811737}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779832538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2308809","display_name":"Coincidence","level":3,"score":0.7045652270317078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779885931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17010029","display_name":"Microwave imaging","level":3,"score":0.683366060256958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6220573782920837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5802884101867676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.5732482671737671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.5013048648834229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.4663276970386505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.45522674918174744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777121530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512739","display_name":"Signal subspace","level":4,"score":0.4438017010688782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.43896767497062683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32834561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660730","display_name":"Subspace topology","level":2,"score":0.43612784147262573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.38636544346809387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.29570120573043823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.26014673709869385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.22317445278167725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1433444321155548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.1105489432811737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2021.3127713","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3127713","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5337695084","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61801486","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5979008009","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61921001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1847517736","https://openalex.org/W2009511046","https://openalex.org/W2028823365","https://openalex.org/W2062328210","https://openalex.org/W2123513765","https://openalex.org/W2140728947","https://openalex.org/W2147549783","https://openalex.org/W2346580682","https://openalex.org/W2528731767","https://openalex.org/W2624906345","https://openalex.org/W2759117176","https://openalex.org/W2765935802","https://openalex.org/W2884436733","https://openalex.org/W2904679978","https://openalex.org/W3098523046","https://openalex.org/W3099658176","https://openalex.org/W3101671569","https://openalex.org/W3171644946","https://openalex.org/W6652830530"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2379264914","https://openalex.org/W2153912708","https://openalex.org/W2118094278","https://openalex.org/W2639400695","https://openalex.org/W3126343058","https://openalex.org/W2949173582","https://openalex.org/W2089410207","https://openalex.org/W4300048032","https://openalex.org/W2367577754","https://openalex.org/W2387532542"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"letter,":[2],"a":[3,14,36,98,126],"novel":[4],"microwave":[5],"coincidence":[6],"imaging":[7],"(MCI)":[8],"approach":[9],"is":[10,42,78,103],"proposed":[11,116,150],"based":[12],"on":[13,66],"multiple-input":[15],"single-output":[16],"(MISO)":[17],"radar":[18],"system":[19],"to":[20,49,88],"deal":[21],"with":[22,107],"the":[23,51,59,67,70,82,90,108,121,132,146,149,153],"low":[24],"signal-to-noise":[25],"ratio":[26],"(SNR)":[27],"scenarios":[28],"and":[29,44,135,142,152],"off-grid":[30,91,122],"problem.":[31],"First,":[32],"in":[33,56,96],"coherent-detecting":[34],"part,":[35,58],"linear":[37],"frequency":[38],"modulated":[39],"(LFM)":[40],"signal":[41,110],"transmitted,":[43],"dechirping":[45],"processes":[46],"are":[47,64,158],"conducted":[48,65],"enhance":[50],"SNR":[52],"of":[53,76,85,93,148,156],"echoes.":[54],"Then,":[55],"incoherent-modulating":[57],"post":[60],"random":[61],"phase-shifting":[62],"modulations":[63],"echoes,":[68],"hence":[69,131],"temporal\u2013spatial":[71],"orthogonal":[72],"reference":[73,127],"radiation":[74],"field":[75],"MCI":[77,157],"constructed,":[79],"which":[80],"provides":[81],"potential":[83],"information":[84],"super-resolution.":[86],"Further,":[87],"solve":[89],"problem":[92],"target\u2019s":[94],"scatterers":[95],"MCI,":[97],"new":[99],"projecting-residual-based":[100],"selection":[101,129],"criterion":[102],"also":[104],"proposed,":[105],"combined":[106],"preexisting":[109],"subspace":[111],"matching":[112],"(SSM)":[113],"method.":[114],"The":[115],"method":[117,151],"could":[118],"largely":[119],"eliminate":[120],"errors":[123],"while":[124],"conduct":[125],"matrix":[128],"procedure,":[130],"reconstruction":[133],"accuracy":[134],"computational":[136],"complexity":[137],"can":[138],"be":[139],"much":[140],"improved":[141],"reduced,":[143],"respectively.":[144],"Finally,":[145],"validity":[147],"super-resolution":[154],"ability":[155],"verified":[159],"by":[160],"experiments.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}