{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3199717134","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3109087","title":"An Improved Iterative Algorithm Utilized in Data Processing for Incoherent Scatter Radar","display_name":"An Improved Iterative Algorithm Utilized in Data Processing for Incoherent Scatter Radar","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3199717134","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3109087","mag":"3199717134"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2021.3109087","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3109087","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048293614","display_name":"Jiawei Xiong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6806-8576"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649914","display_name":"Nanchang University","ror":"https://ror.org/042v6xz23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiawei Xiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China","Department of Physics, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031800537","display_name":"Kai Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9837-6772"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649914","display_name":"Nanchang University","ror":"https://ror.org/042v6xz23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9837-6772","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005923787","display_name":"Rongxin Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0154-3456"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649914","display_name":"Nanchang University","ror":"https://ror.org/042v6xz23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120015","display_name":"Nanchang Institute of Science & Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02q5y6156","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120015"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rongxin Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Space Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0154-3456","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Space Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914","https://openalex.org/I4210120015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101458444","display_name":"Ming Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7946-8655"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649914","display_name":"Nanchang University","ror":"https://ror.org/042v6xz23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120015","display_name":"Nanchang Institute of Science & Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02q5y6156","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120015"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Space Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7946-8655","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Space Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914","https://openalex.org/I4210120015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101914139","display_name":"Xiaohua Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7253-0049"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649914","display_name":"Nanchang University","ror":"https://ror.org/042v6xz23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120015","display_name":"Nanchang Institute of Science & Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02q5y6156","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120015"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohua Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Space Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7253-0049","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Space Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914","https://openalex.org/I4210120015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032290569","display_name":"Ziyang Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7716-3439"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649914","display_name":"Nanchang University","ror":"https://ror.org/042v6xz23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120015","display_name":"Nanchang Institute of Science & Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02q5y6156","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120015"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziyang Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Space Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7716-3439","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Space Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914","https://openalex.org/I4210120015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032540837","display_name":"Haoyi Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649914","display_name":"Nanchang University","ror":"https://ror.org/042v6xz23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120015","display_name":"Nanchang Institute of Science & Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02q5y6156","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120015"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoyi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Space Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Space Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914","https://openalex.org/I4210120015"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026629340","display_name":"I. H\u00e4ggstr\u00f6m","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1070-6915"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802207099","display_name":"European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association","ror":"https://ror.org/02r30yj10","country_code":"SE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802207099"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ingemar H\u00e4ggstr\u00f6m","raw_affiliation_strings":["EISCAT Scientific Association, Kiruna, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1070-6915","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EISCAT Scientific Association, Kiruna, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802207099"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1523,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9328148,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.7847217321395874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5989182591438293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/divergence","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","score":0.5975445508956909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-method","display_name":"Iterative method","score":0.593445897102356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.5394936203956604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.47136393189430237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-iteration","display_name":"Power iteration","score":0.47046077251434326}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.7847217321395874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5989182591438293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207390915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230525","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5975445508956909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159694833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2321565","display_name":"Iterative method","level":2,"score":0.593445897102356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.5394936203956604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.47136393189430237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162443888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1426504","display_name":"Power iteration","level":3,"score":0.47046077251434326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2021.3109087","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3109087","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1653811822","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41427901","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2333025486","display_name":"\u78c1\u5316\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u9798\u5957\u5185\u592a\u8d6b\u5179\u6ce2\u4f20\u64ad\u7279\u6027\u7684\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61861031","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2428646488","display_name":"\u4f34\u968f\u78c1\u573a\u91cd\u8054\u7684\u54e8\u58f0\u6ce2\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"41974195","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3583994155","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41727804","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1510676121","https://openalex.org/W1972432057","https://openalex.org/W1989695415","https://openalex.org/W2035275278","https://openalex.org/W2071467620","https://openalex.org/W2087070363","https://openalex.org/W2092915512","https://openalex.org/W2170678402","https://openalex.org/W2481372060","https://openalex.org/W2604086375","https://openalex.org/W2736601468","https://openalex.org/W2753498570","https://openalex.org/W2810281214","https://openalex.org/W2909027832","https://openalex.org/W2970887184","https://openalex.org/W2996437001","https://openalex.org/W3035103258","https://openalex.org/W3093876522","https://openalex.org/W6631591248","https://openalex.org/W6638018090","https://openalex.org/W6741002519"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2516748375","https://openalex.org/W2164136545","https://openalex.org/W4248759904","https://openalex.org/W2963618857","https://openalex.org/W2967757242","https://openalex.org/W951013200","https://openalex.org/W2161448262","https://openalex.org/W2042553748","https://openalex.org/W2357170290","https://openalex.org/W1479954286"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Measurements":[0],"by":[1],"incoherent":[2],"scatter":[3],"radars":[4],"(ISRs)":[5],"play":[6],"very":[7],"important":[8],"roles":[9],"in":[10,54,106],"modern":[11,55],"ionospheric":[12,17,135,195],"and":[13,34,152],"geospace":[14],"studies.":[15],"The":[16,31,42,95,116,142],"parameters":[18],"are":[19],"normally":[20],"extracted":[21],"from":[22,138],"echo":[23],"signals":[24],"of":[25,118,126,134,157,165,174,194,201,221],"ISR":[26,56,139,222],"using":[27,130],"nonlinear":[28,52],"iteration":[29,40,53,65,87,96,114,153,202,216],"algorithms.":[30],"processing":[32,220],"speed":[33,154],"accuracy":[35,151],"significantly":[36],"rely":[37],"on":[38],"the":[39,60,69,79,82,86,89,100,109,113,119,127,131,146,158,163,166,175,179,186,192,199,204,208],"algorithm.":[41],"Levenberg\u2013Marquardt":[43],"(LM)":[44],"method":[45,91,102,121,129,148,168,181,210],"is":[46,68,92,169,182],"a":[47,63,213],"widely":[48],"used":[49],"algorithm":[50,217],"for":[51,85,99,218],"data":[57,219],"processing.":[58],"In":[59,161],"present":[61],"letter,":[62],"new":[64],"algorithm,":[66],"which":[67,189],"so-called":[70],"dog":[71],"leg":[72],"(DL)":[73],"method,":[74,81,188],"was":[75,122],"introduced.":[76],"Comparing":[77],"with":[78,88,108,124,203],"LM":[80,128,159,176,187,205],"step":[83,97],"size":[84,98],"DL":[90,101,120,147,167,180,209],"not":[93],"fixed.":[94],"keeps":[103],"being":[104],"adjusted":[105],"accordance":[107],"trust":[110],"region":[111],"during":[112],"process.":[115],"performance":[117],"compared":[123],"that":[125,145,156,173],"simulation":[132],"tests":[133],"parameter":[136,196],"extraction":[137],"power":[140],"spectra.":[141],"results":[143],"showed":[144],"has":[149],"better":[150],"than":[155,172,185],"method.":[160,177,206],"addition,":[162],"error":[164],"more":[170,183,214],"stable":[171],"Moreover,":[178],"convergent":[184],"helps":[190],"avoid":[191],"lack":[193],"due":[197],"to":[198],"divergence":[200],"Therefore,":[207],"could":[211],"be":[212],"appropriate":[215],"measurements.":[223]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
