{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3194641182","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3103650","title":"Peak Wave Direction Measurement Using Shipboard Coherent Microwave Radar","display_name":"Peak Wave Direction Measurement Using Shipboard Coherent Microwave Radar","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3194641182","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3103650","mag":"3194641182"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2021.3103650","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3103650","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013329409","display_name":"Zezong Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5530-4413"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zezong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5530-4413","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077033305","display_name":"Chunyang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5274-9764"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunyang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5274-9764","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004274884","display_name":"Chen Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8335-3749"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8335-3749","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065268063","display_name":"Xi Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9952-9048"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129465","display_name":"Wuhan Ship Development & Design Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02mcdae06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129465"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Ship Development and Design Center, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Ship Development and Design Center, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129465"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052807377","display_name":"Han Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3838-7848"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Han Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3838-7848","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2059,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86468565,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10255","display_name":"Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wave-radar","display_name":"Wave radar","score":0.7373170256614685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.696780800819397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/buoy","display_name":"Buoy","score":0.6645201444625854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6478965282440186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-wave","display_name":"Wind wave","score":0.5672365427017212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/significant-wave-height","display_name":"Significant wave height","score":0.5242069959640503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-wave-model","display_name":"Wind wave model","score":0.5224953293800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuous-wave-radar","display_name":"Continuous-wave radar","score":0.5187214016914368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.5130487680435181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/doppler-effect","display_name":"Doppler effect","score":0.5019948482513428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.47358518838882446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave","display_name":"Microwave","score":0.4383200407028198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-wave","display_name":"Surface wave","score":0.43563514947891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-horizon","display_name":"Radar horizon","score":0.4200405478477478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/doppler-radar","display_name":"Doppler radar","score":0.4158513844013214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wave-height","display_name":"Wave height","score":0.4115979075431824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.38794031739234924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2843221426010132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.26242944598197937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.19485613703727722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.14075139164924622}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207699401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17034239","display_name":"Wave radar","level":5,"score":0.7373170256614685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.696780800819397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779847632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30026","display_name":"Buoy","level":2,"score":0.6645201444625854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6478965282440186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165082838","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165848","display_name":"Wind wave","level":2,"score":0.5672365427017212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85910571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2674049","display_name":"Significant wave height","level":3,"score":0.5242069959640503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140927136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8024055","display_name":"Wind wave model","level":3,"score":0.5224953293800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59584813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1029234","display_name":"Continuous-wave radar","level":4,"score":0.5187214016914368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.5130487680435181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142757262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76436","display_name":"Doppler effect","level":2,"score":0.5019948482513428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.47358518838882446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.4383200407028198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84174578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889796","display_name":"Surface wave","level":2,"score":0.43563514947891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131493965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279983","display_name":"Radar horizon","level":5,"score":0.4200405478477478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778559676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334213","display_name":"Doppler radar","level":3,"score":0.4158513844013214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70620910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q821563","display_name":"Wave height","level":2,"score":0.4115979075431824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.38794031739234924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2843221426010132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.26242944598197937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.19485613703727722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.14075139164924622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2021.3103650","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3103650","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","score":0.8399999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3900001672","display_name":"\u5cb8\u7a7a\u53cc\u57fa\u5730\u9ad8\u9891\u96f7\u8fbe\u6d77\u9762\u98ce\u6d6a\u6d41\u63a2\u6d4b\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61871296","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5574830310","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016YFC1400504","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6492046825","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YFF0206404","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6998867282","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41506201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972614381","https://openalex.org/W2045763855","https://openalex.org/W2084167194","https://openalex.org/W2087105482","https://openalex.org/W2160338644","https://openalex.org/W2314549418","https://openalex.org/W2554635809","https://openalex.org/W2772182374","https://openalex.org/W2782332701","https://openalex.org/W2887791927","https://openalex.org/W2967396835","https://openalex.org/W2991130243","https://openalex.org/W3008978047","https://openalex.org/W3157371163","https://openalex.org/W6600588725"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2091909192","https://openalex.org/W2116304271","https://openalex.org/W4311758679","https://openalex.org/W4311747009","https://openalex.org/W2333273150","https://openalex.org/W2103684659","https://openalex.org/W2536428382","https://openalex.org/W2067790748","https://openalex.org/W1585346535","https://openalex.org/W3184088746"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,103,129],"peak":[1,54,71,143],"wave":[2,41,55,72,116,120,133,144],"direction":[3,42,56,145],"is":[4,50,84,105,146],"a":[5,112,119],"crucial":[6],"parameter":[7],"to":[8,36,52],"quantify":[9],"the":[10,14,22,27,30,46,70,75,81,88,91,100,108,123,132,138,152],"physical":[11],"characteristics":[12],"of":[13,29,90,96,142],"ocean":[15],"waves.":[16],"For":[17],"shipboard":[18,58,113],"coherent":[19,59,114],"microwave":[20,60],"radar,":[21],"radar-illuminated":[23],"space":[24],"changes":[25],"with":[26,79,111,131],"movement":[28],"ship,":[31],"and":[32,68,93,118],"this":[33],"fact":[34],"leads":[35],"an":[37,48],"unsolved":[38],"problem":[39],"for":[40],"estimation.":[43],"To":[44],"address":[45],"issue,":[47],"approach":[49,104],"proposed":[51],"estimate":[53],"using":[57,107],"radar.":[61],"After":[62],"estimating":[63],"water":[64],"particles\u2019":[65],"radial":[66],"velocity":[67],"obtaining":[69],"energy":[73],"from":[74],"radar":[76,117],"echoes":[77,98],"received":[78],"antennas,":[80],"180\u00b0":[82],"ambiguity":[83],"removed":[85],"by":[86],"comparing":[87],"variance":[89],"left":[92],"right":[94],"boundaries":[95],"sea":[97],"in":[99,122,127],"range-Doppler":[101],"spectrum.":[102],"validated":[106],"datasets":[109],"collected":[110],"S-band":[115],"buoy":[121,134],"South":[124],"China":[125],"Sea":[126],"2019.":[128],"comparison":[130],"data":[135],"shows":[136],"that":[137,151],"root-mean-square":[139],"error":[140],"(RMSE)":[141],"10.6\u00b0.":[147],"This":[148],"result":[149],"indicates":[150],"method":[153],"can":[154],"work":[155],"effectively.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-12-19T19:40:27.379048","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
