{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4254405095","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3090743","title":"Bayesian Deep Learning for Passive Microwave Precipitation Type Detection","display_name":"Bayesian Deep Learning for Passive Microwave Precipitation Type Detection","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4254405095","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3090743"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2021.3090743","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3090743","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028141842","display_name":"Marko Orescanin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3305-8412"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35364215","display_name":"Naval Postgraduate School","ror":"https://ror.org/033yfkj90","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I3130687028","https://openalex.org/I35364215"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marko Orescanin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3305-8412","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35364215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061217742","display_name":"Veljko Petkovi\u0107","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144776","display_name":"Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center","ror":"https://ror.org/042607708","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144776","https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Veljko Petkovi\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["ESSIC, CISESS, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ESSIC, CISESS, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144776","https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032104496","display_name":"Scott W. Powell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0306-8401"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35364215","display_name":"Naval Postgraduate School","ror":"https://ror.org/033yfkj90","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I3130687028","https://openalex.org/I35364215"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott W. Powell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0306-8401","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35364215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005689319","display_name":"Benjamin R. Marsh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7450-6686"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35364215","display_name":"Naval Postgraduate School","ror":"https://ror.org/033yfkj90","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I3130687028","https://openalex.org/I35364215"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin R. Marsh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7450-6686","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35364215"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053849638","display_name":"Sean C. Heslin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35364215","display_name":"Naval Postgraduate School","ror":"https://ror.org/033yfkj90","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I3130687028","https://openalex.org/I35364215"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sean C. Heslin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35364215"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.846,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85233624,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precipitation","display_name":"Precipitation","score":0.6090657711029053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6065073013305664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiometer","display_name":"Radiometer","score":0.4921812117099762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.4765782356262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.45933523774147034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4537007510662079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precipitation-types","display_name":"Precipitation types","score":0.42638295888900757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4245147407054901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.34947746992111206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.27122342586517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.1095895767211914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.08468449115753174}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.6090657711029053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6065073013305664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120189094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850281","display_name":"Radiometer","level":2,"score":0.4921812117099762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.4765782356262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.45933523774147034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4537007510662079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186293655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3268251","display_name":"Precipitation types","level":3,"score":0.42638295888900757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4245147407054901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.34947746992111206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.27122342586517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1095895767211914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.08468449115753174}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2021.3090743","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3090743","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.7799999713897705}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4530223401","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N0001421WX00575","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5330321839","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NA19NES4320002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332181","funder_display_name":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332181","display_name":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/02z5nhe81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1535027274","https://openalex.org/W1966716734","https://openalex.org/W2059710402","https://openalex.org/W2155653793","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2225156818","https://openalex.org/W2262443283","https://openalex.org/W2302255633","https://openalex.org/W2471426220","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2809113079","https://openalex.org/W2972808069","https://openalex.org/W2994795100","https://openalex.org/W3037484309","https://openalex.org/W3085215416","https://openalex.org/W3102923495","https://openalex.org/W3128002121","https://openalex.org/W6735374517","https://openalex.org/W6747657013","https://openalex.org/W6757074599","https://openalex.org/W6765560323","https://openalex.org/W6771412588","https://openalex.org/W6780234213"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W798999538","https://openalex.org/W4362653472","https://openalex.org/W2022420161","https://openalex.org/W2033202186","https://openalex.org/W2516553603","https://openalex.org/W2049964779","https://openalex.org/W2169359701","https://openalex.org/W2169543884","https://openalex.org/W2958387125","https://openalex.org/W2101704851"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Precipitation":[0],"is":[1,20,33,102],"one":[2],"of":[3,7,31,53,100,105,147,165,197,239],"the":[4,17,28,41,84,139,154,187,198,212,229,233,240,249],"primary":[5],"drivers":[6],"earth&#x2019;s":[8],"water":[9],"and":[10,40,70,135,160],"energy":[11],"cycles.":[12],"While":[13],"its":[14],"role":[15],"in":[16,80,86,92,138,178],"climate":[18],"system":[19,94],"generally":[21],"well-understood,":[22],"our":[23],"ability":[24],"to":[25,63,76,83,97,125,152,215,224,227],"accurately":[26,77,131],"capture":[27],"spatio-temporal":[29],"distribution":[30],"precipitation":[32,46,59,81,101,106,133,191],"limited.":[34],"Satellite-borne":[35],"passive":[36],"microwave":[37],"(PMW)":[38],"radiometers":[39],"associated":[42],"research":[43],"on":[44,118,186,248],"their":[45,74],"retrievals":[47,60],"provide":[48],"a":[49,116,120,144,179,194],"highly":[50],"accurate":[51],"understanding":[52],"global":[54],"total":[55],"precipitation.":[56],"Still,":[57],"these":[58,162],"are":[61,209],"prone":[62],"large":[64],"systematic":[65],"errors":[66],"at":[67],"all":[68],"spatial":[69],"temporal":[71],"scales":[72],"given":[73],"inability":[75],"relate":[78],"changes":[79,85],"intensity":[82],"radiometric":[87],"signatures":[88],"caused":[89],"by":[90,130,211,231],"variability":[91],"cloud":[93,166],"structure.":[95],"Central":[96],"generating":[98],"estimates":[99,208],"proper":[103],"classification":[104,172,188],"type,":[107,192],"that":[108],"is,":[109],"convective":[110],"or":[111],"stratiform.":[112],"This":[113,221],"work":[114],"presents":[115],"study":[117],"using":[119],"Bayesian":[121,145,195,213],"deep":[122],"learning":[123],"(BDL)":[124],"help":[126],"mitigate":[127],"this":[128],"problem":[129],"classifying":[132],"type":[134],"providing":[136],"uncertainty":[137,173,207],"classification.":[140],"Specifically,":[141],"it":[142],"adopts":[143],"form":[146],"Residual":[148],"Networks":[149],"(ResNet)":[150],"architectures":[151,177,200],"extract":[153],"information":[155],"from":[156],"PMW":[157],"observations":[158],"vectors":[159],"identify":[161],"structural":[163],"differences":[164],"systems":[167],"while":[168,193],"providing,":[169],"per":[170],"pixel,":[171],"estimates.":[174],"Benchmarked":[175],"ResNet":[176],"deterministic":[180],"configuration":[181,196,214],"achieve":[182],"accuracies":[183],"above":[184,203],"86&#x0025;":[185],"task":[189],"for":[190],"same":[199],"reaches":[201],"accuracy":[202],"90&#x0025;.":[204],"Most":[205],"importantly,":[206],"predicted":[210],"accompany":[216],"each":[217],"individual":[218],"output":[219,230],"value.":[220],"allows":[222],"end-users":[223],"use":[225],"them":[226],"calibrate":[228],"filtering":[232],"least":[234],"certain":[235],"predictions.":[236],"The":[237],"performance":[238],"classifier,":[241],"therefore,":[242],"can":[243],"be":[244],"further":[245],"improved":[246],"depending":[247],"application":[250],"needs.":[251]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
