{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3170181770","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3085495","title":"Infrared Small UAV Target Detection Based on Residual Image Prediction via Global and Local Dilated Residual Networks","display_name":"Infrared Small UAV Target Detection Based on Residual Image Prediction via Global and Local Dilated Residual Networks","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3170181770","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3085495","mag":"3170181770"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2021.3085495","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3085495","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032109527","display_name":"Houzhang Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7949-8846"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Houzhang Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an, China","School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7949-8846","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044895292","display_name":"Mingjiang Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1377-852X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingjiang Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an, China","School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1377-852X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101773293","display_name":"Gang Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2494-1561"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mold Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mold Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049349192","display_name":"Yi Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8542-5937"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artificial Intelligence Research Center, Pengcheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8542-5937","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence Research Center, Pengcheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075653923","display_name":"Luxin Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5445-2702"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luxin Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5445-2702","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":61.1287,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":79,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99812159,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14257","display_name":"Advanced Measurement and Detection Methods","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11856","display_name":"Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.8251367807388306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.7970665693283081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clutter","display_name":"Clutter","score":0.7559133768081665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.7280128002166748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upsampling","display_name":"Upsampling","score":0.6806135177612305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6789577603340149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolution","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","score":0.49023133516311646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.46965256333351135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.44102850556373596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subpixel-rendering","display_name":"Subpixel rendering","score":0.436504989862442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/false-alarm","display_name":"False alarm","score":0.430311918258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distortion","display_name":"Distortion (music)","score":0.42345547676086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.373740553855896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.3649263083934784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.17373594641685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.13417479395866394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.08766797184944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07018545269966125}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.8251367807388306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.7970665693283081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.7559133768081665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.7280128002166748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110384440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143270","display_name":"Upsampling","level":3,"score":0.6806135177612305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6789577603340149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45347329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166604","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.49023133516311646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.46965256333351135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.44102850556373596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68516990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q452912","display_name":"Subpixel rendering","level":3,"score":0.436504989862442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776836416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364844","display_name":"False alarm","level":2,"score":0.430311918258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126780896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899871","display_name":"Distortion (music)","level":4,"score":0.42345547676086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.373740553855896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3649263083934784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.17373594641685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.13417479395866394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.08766797184944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07018545269966125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2021.3085495","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3085495","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1062336816","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018JM4036","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324173","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1186217415","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41501371","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5914841961","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61971460","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324173","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1978993121","https://openalex.org/W1992873714","https://openalex.org/W2291670705","https://openalex.org/W2476548250","https://openalex.org/W2508457857","https://openalex.org/W2604768956","https://openalex.org/W2774646044","https://openalex.org/W2897261831","https://openalex.org/W2902200144","https://openalex.org/W2912919760","https://openalex.org/W2986554926","https://openalex.org/W3001584250"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2369528593","https://openalex.org/W2385629811","https://openalex.org/W2638735979","https://openalex.org/W1617446767","https://openalex.org/W2058758794","https://openalex.org/W1991429770","https://openalex.org/W1528553968","https://openalex.org/W2106435901","https://openalex.org/W2130623725","https://openalex.org/W3092417912"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Thermal":[0],"infrared":[1,23,96,170,186],"imaging":[2],"possesses":[3],"the":[4,22,35,43,75,94,99,107,110,117,130,146,155,164,168,177],"ability":[5],"to":[6,88,98,144],"monitor":[7],"unmanned":[8],"aerial":[9],"vehicles":[10],"(UAVs)":[11],"in":[12,34,183],"both":[13,135],"day":[14],"and":[15,32,42,54,81,109,123,128,148,191],"night":[16],"conditions.":[17],"However,":[18],"long-range":[19],"detection":[20,56,69],"of":[21,73],"UAVs":[24],"often":[25],"suffers":[26],"from":[27,93,167],"small/dim":[28],"targets,":[29],"heavy":[30,189],"clutter,":[31,80],"noise":[33],"complex":[36],"background.":[37],"The":[38,102,172],"conventional":[39],"local":[40,111,122],"prior-based":[41,45],"nonlocal":[44],"methods":[46],"commonly":[47],"have":[48],"a":[49,63,71,91],"high":[50],"false":[51],"alarm":[52],"rate":[53],"low":[55],"accuracy.":[57],"In":[58],"this":[59],"letter,":[60],"we":[61],"propose":[62],"model":[64],"that":[65,176],"converts":[66],"small":[67,156],"UAV":[68,157],"into":[70,116],"problem":[72],"predicting":[74],"residual":[76,100,113,165],"image":[77,97,137,147,150,159,166],"(i.e.,":[78],"background,":[79],"noise).":[82],"Such":[83],"novel":[84],"reformulation":[85],"allows":[86],"us":[87],"directly":[89],"learn":[90],"mapping":[92],"input":[95,169],"image.":[101,171],"constructed":[103],"image-to-image":[104],"network":[105],"integrates":[106],"global":[108],"dilated":[112],"convolution":[114,141],"blocks":[115],"U-Net,":[118],"which":[119],"can":[120],"capture":[121],"contextual":[124],"structure":[125],"information":[126],"well":[127],"fuse":[129],"features":[131],"at":[132],"different":[133],"scales":[134],"for":[136],"reconstruction.":[138],"Additionally,":[139],"subpixel":[140],"is":[142,160],"utilized":[143],"upscale":[145],"avoid":[149],"distortion":[151],"during":[152],"upsampling.":[153],"Finally,":[154],"target":[158],"obtained":[161],"by":[162],"subtracting":[163],"comparative":[173],"experiments":[174],"demonstrate":[175],"proposed":[178],"method":[179],"outperforms":[180],"state-of-the-art":[181],"ones":[182],"detecting":[184],"real-world":[185],"images":[187],"with":[188],"clutter":[190],"dim":[192],"targets.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-31T08:31:51.225901","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}