{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3157746848","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3073738","title":"A General Feature Paradigm for Unsupervised Cross-Domain PolSAR Image Classification","display_name":"A General Feature Paradigm for Unsupervised Cross-Domain PolSAR Image Classification","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3157746848","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3073738","mag":"3157746848"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2021.3073738","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3073738","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030027991","display_name":"Rong Gui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8470-3405"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rong Gui","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8470-3405","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058602237","display_name":"Xin Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9211-6606"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9211-6606","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026257114","display_name":"Rui Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1783-9051"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1783-9051","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041660006","display_name":"Zhaozhuo Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9555-1830"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74775410","display_name":"Rice University","ror":"https://ror.org/008zs3103","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74775410"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaozhuo Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74775410"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025384190","display_name":"Lei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7383-4167"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91125648","display_name":"Wuhan Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04jcykh16","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91125648"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7383-4167","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91125648"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081961287","display_name":"Fangling Pu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1490-0347"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fangling Pu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1490-0347","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":19.2168,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9870772,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9697999954223633,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6958107948303223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6876754760742188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6731874942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.5616858601570129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5605228543281555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.545303225517273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.5388040542602539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.47217172384262085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.45234596729278564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimensionality-reduction","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","score":0.45201170444488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.2642281949520111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1734059751033783}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6958107948303223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6876754760742188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6731874942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.5616858601570129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5605228543281555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.545303225517273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.5388040542602539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.47217172384262085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.45234596729278564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70518039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000077","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","level":2,"score":0.45201170444488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2642281949520111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1734059751033783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2021.3073738","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2021.3073738","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.550000011920929,"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8428051666","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62071336","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2009624552","https://openalex.org/W2060300932","https://openalex.org/W2154830216","https://openalex.org/W2283370450","https://openalex.org/W2616287544","https://openalex.org/W2793189836","https://openalex.org/W2927127974","https://openalex.org/W2964934387","https://openalex.org/W2965843558","https://openalex.org/W2968945589","https://openalex.org/W2971946886","https://openalex.org/W2990641522","https://openalex.org/W3100356292","https://openalex.org/W3111057163","https://openalex.org/W3177168257","https://openalex.org/W4237764598","https://openalex.org/W4288076010"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3176621072","https://openalex.org/W2394004323","https://openalex.org/W2398764543","https://openalex.org/W2027335291","https://openalex.org/W4210328553","https://openalex.org/W4381745220","https://openalex.org/W2096743164","https://openalex.org/W4210966920","https://openalex.org/W2550009779","https://openalex.org/W2565656575"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Limited":[0],"labels":[1],"and":[2,38,102,117,136,163,185],"increasing":[3],"multisource":[4],"data":[5],"promote":[6],"domain":[7,86,104],"adaptation":[8],"(DA)":[9],"problem":[10],"as":[11],"a":[12,45,63],"challenging":[13],"study":[14],"for":[15,24,52,161],"polarimetric":[16,109],"synthetic":[17,165],"aperture":[18,166],"radar":[19,167],"(PolSAR)":[20],"interpretation.":[21],"Existing":[22],"DAs":[23],"optical":[25],"images":[26],"cannot":[27],"generalize":[28],"over":[29],"PolSAR":[30,55,126,179],"imagery":[31],"due":[32],"to":[33,79,156],"its":[34],"special":[35],"side-imaging":[36],"characteristics":[37],"complex":[39],"distribution":[40],"shifts.":[41],"In":[42],"this":[43],"letter,":[44],"general":[46],"feature":[47,73],"paradigm":[48],"(GFP)":[49],"is":[50,60,69],"proposed":[51],"unsupervised":[53,106,146],"cross-domain":[54,147,178],"image":[56,127],"classification.":[57,170],"The":[58,95],"GFP":[59,80,154,173],"based":[61,131],"on":[62,99,132,149,176],"key":[64,76],"observation":[65,77],"that":[66,81,153],"interclass":[67],"aggregation":[68],"optimized":[70],"after":[71],"four-step":[72],"transformations.":[74],"This":[75],"leads":[78,155],"not":[82],"only":[83,140],"reduces":[84],"the":[85,112,123,142,172],"shifts":[87],"but":[88],"also":[89],"compatible":[90],"with":[91],"typical":[92],"DA":[93],"methods.":[94],"GFPs":[96],"are":[97],"conducted":[98],"both":[100],"source":[101,143],"target":[103,125],"by":[105],"manner,":[107],"including":[108],"basis":[110],"extraction,":[111],"Wishart":[113],"clustering,":[114],"histogram":[115],"statistics,":[116],"dimensionality":[118],"reduction.":[119],"After":[120],"these":[121],"transformations,":[122],"unlabeled":[124],"can":[128],"be":[129],"classified":[130],"obtained":[133],"GFP,":[134],"DA,":[135],"limited":[137],"labeled":[138],"samples":[139],"from":[141],"domain.":[144],"Extensive":[145],"experiments":[148],"27":[150],"scenarios":[151],"verified":[152],"at":[157],"most":[158],"93.76%":[159],"accuracy":[160],"full-":[162],"dual-polarized":[164],"(SAR)":[168],"images\u2019":[169],"Moreover,":[171],"shed":[174],"light":[175],"extensive":[177],"applications":[180],"about":[181],"built-up":[182],"areas,":[183],"vegetation,":[184],"bare":[186],"land":[187],"analysis.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-12-19T19:40:27.379048","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}