{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3046291744","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2020.3010936","title":"Identifying and Evaluating the Nighttime Economy in China Using Multisource Data","display_name":"Identifying and Evaluating the Nighttime Economy in China Using Multisource Data","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3046291744","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2020.3010936","mag":"3046291744"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2020.3010936","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2020.3010936","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017607187","display_name":"Yuanzheng Cui","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134482","display_name":"Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology","ror":"https://ror.org/03k6r8t20","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210134482"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90727586","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/055vj5234","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90727586"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanzheng Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Land and Urban\u2013Rural Development, Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, Hangzhou, China","Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9013-3568","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Land and Urban\u2013Rural Development, Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90727586"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134482","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068250169","display_name":"Kaifang Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9047-2885"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142108993","display_name":"Southwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj4z117","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaifang Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Jinfo Mountain Field Scientific Observation and Research Station for Kaster Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China","School of Geographical Sciences, State Cultivation Base of Eco-agriculture for Southwest Mountainous Land, Southwest University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9047-2885","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Jinfo Mountain Field Scientific Observation and Research Station for Kaster Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geographical Sciences, State Cultivation Base of Eco-agriculture for Southwest Mountainous Land, Southwest University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037245261","display_name":"Lei Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8884-3624"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90727586","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/055vj5234","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90727586"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Economics, Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economics, Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90727586"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041008323","display_name":"Lefeng Qiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5073-8175"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90727586","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/055vj5234","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90727586"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lefeng Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Land and Urban\u2013Rural Development, Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Land and Urban\u2013Rural Development, Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90727586"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047230648","display_name":"Shaohua Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90727586","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/055vj5234","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90727586"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaohua Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Land and Urban\u2013Rural Development, Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Land and Urban\u2013Rural Development, Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90727586"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1305,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7906208,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"11","first_page":"1906","last_page":"1910"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11963","display_name":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11963","display_name":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13850","display_name":"Night-time city culture","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.7066743969917297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-status","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","score":0.5594936013221741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/index","display_name":"Index (typography)","score":0.5111990571022034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-agglomeration","display_name":"Urban agglomeration","score":0.5058350563049316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.49861788749694824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-data","display_name":"Economic data","score":0.4944336414337158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-indicator","display_name":"Economic indicator","score":0.46741652488708496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consumption","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","score":0.4343221187591553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economy","display_name":"Economy","score":0.41498661041259766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-statistics","display_name":"Economic statistics","score":0.41325491666793823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-geography","display_name":"Economic geography","score":0.34782761335372925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.2797439396381378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.13747453689575195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics","display_name":"Econometrics","score":0.11577022075653076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.0942053496837616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demography","display_name":"Demography","score":0.09128299355506897}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.7066743969917297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.5594936013221741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.5111990571022034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154611951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q393233","display_name":"Urban agglomeration","level":2,"score":0.5058350563049316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.49861788749694824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27591710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17083572","display_name":"Economic data","level":2,"score":0.4944336414337158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202353208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1167393","display_name":"Economic indicator","level":2,"score":0.46741652488708496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30772137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164762","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.4343221187591553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.41498661041259766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77173449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1047361","display_name":"Economic statistics","level":2,"score":0.41325491666793823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26271046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187097","display_name":"Economic geography","level":1,"score":0.34782761335372925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2797439396381378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.13747453689575195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.11577022075653076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.0942053496837616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.09128299355506897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2020.3010936","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2020.3010936","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6899999976158142,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1804709431","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20YJCZH014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321106","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G535336469","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"18XJC790011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321106","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321106","display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975642551","https://openalex.org/W1977568612","https://openalex.org/W1979361209","https://openalex.org/W2016943428","https://openalex.org/W2017708700","https://openalex.org/W2030145934","https://openalex.org/W2035910515","https://openalex.org/W2059810085","https://openalex.org/W2085993352","https://openalex.org/W2101712438","https://openalex.org/W2608461678","https://openalex.org/W2922127320","https://openalex.org/W2993303109","https://openalex.org/W3001292254","https://openalex.org/W3022661282"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3043631472","https://openalex.org/W2914501105","https://openalex.org/W3205316710","https://openalex.org/W3200306972","https://openalex.org/W2404398093","https://openalex.org/W4214759075","https://openalex.org/W4225135469","https://openalex.org/W2365061044","https://openalex.org/W583274991","https://openalex.org/W3128441707"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,98,112,194,210],"nighttime":[1,18,42,64,74,83,95,175,219],"economy":[2,43,65],"has":[3],"always":[4],"been":[5],"regarded":[6],"as":[7],"an":[8],"important":[9],"part":[10],"of":[11,22,55,89,143,151,191],"the":[12,17,41,48,53,63,82,87,94,104,116,122,135,140,158,161,169,174,188,198,207,218],"economy.":[13],"Monitoring":[14],"and":[15,28,31,61,86,108,132,139,165,171,234],"evaluating":[16],"economic":[19,29,75,96,176,220,235],"level":[20,200,221],"is":[21,37,58,118,155],"great":[23],"significance":[24],"for":[25],"promoting":[26],"consumption":[27],"growth":[30],"optimizing":[32],"industrial":[33],"structure.":[34],"However,":[35],"it":[36],"difficult":[38],"to":[39,47,59,92,228],"evaluate":[40,62],"in":[44,66,160,168,187],"China":[45,67],"due":[46],"data":[49,91,107],"being":[50],"unavailable.":[51],"Hence,":[52],"objective":[54],"this":[56],"study":[57,211],"identify":[60],"from":[68],"different":[69,223],"perspectives.":[70],"First,":[71],"a":[72],"comprehensive":[73],"index":[76],"(CNEI)":[77],"was":[78,100],"constructed":[79],"by":[80],"integrating":[81],"light":[84],"intensity":[85],"points":[88],"interest":[90],"represent":[93],"level.":[97,209],"CNEI":[99,117,137,141,182],"then":[101],"verified":[102,123],"using":[103],"business":[105],"report":[106],"socioeconomic":[109],"statistical":[110],"data.":[111,124],"results":[113],"show":[114],"that":[115,128,205],"highly":[119],"correlated":[120],"with":[121,179],"We":[125],"also":[126,226],"found":[127],"Shanghai,":[129],"Chengdu,":[130],"Guangzhou,":[131],"Shenzhen":[133],"have":[134],"highest":[136],"values,":[138],"values":[142,183],"southern":[144],"cities":[145,190],"are":[146,184],"generally":[147],"higher":[148],"than":[149,204],"those":[150],"northern":[152],"cities.":[153],"This":[154],"mainly":[156],"because":[157],"differences":[159],"lifestyles,":[162],"climatic":[163],"factors,":[164],"cultural":[166],"customs":[167],"north":[170],"south":[172],"determine":[173],"activities.":[177],"Counties":[178],"very":[180],"high":[181],"mostly":[185],"located":[186],"capital":[189],"each":[192],"province.":[193],"spatial":[195],"agglomeration":[196],"at":[197,206],"county":[199],"performed":[201],"more":[202],"strongly":[203],"prefecture":[208],"will":[212],"not":[213],"only":[214],"help":[215],"better":[216],"understand":[217],"on":[222,231],"scales":[224],"but":[225],"contribute":[227],"city-level":[229],"policymaking":[230],"urban":[232],"planning":[233],"development.":[236]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}