{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3024644232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2020.2989497","title":"Landslide Susceptibility Modeling Using Bagging-Based Positive-Unlabeled Learning","display_name":"Landslide Susceptibility Modeling Using Bagging-Based Positive-Unlabeled Learning","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-05-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3024644232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2020.2989497","mag":"3024644232"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2020.2989497","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2020.2989497","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005327204","display_name":"Bangyu Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9998-9071"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bangyu Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9998-9071","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030917436","display_name":"Weirong Qiu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weirong Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014948446","display_name":"Junxiong Jia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0917-2381"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junxiong Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000850153","display_name":"Naihao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2609-7408"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naihao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2609-7408","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.0312,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98215699,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"5","first_page":"766","last_page":"770"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10535","display_name":"Landslides and related hazards","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10535","display_name":"Landslides and related hazards","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10555","display_name":"Fire effects on ecosystems","score":0.9751999974250793,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.9668999910354614,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/landslide","display_name":"Landslide","score":0.9167909622192383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.650747537612915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6454815864562988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.6336724162101746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logistic-regression","display_name":"Logistic regression","score":0.6111551523208618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5952019095420837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/loess-plateau","display_name":"Loess plateau","score":0.5912280082702637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5878682136535645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-truth","display_name":"Ground truth","score":0.47279566526412964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3950040340423584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3848317861557007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.24739068746566772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geotechnical-engineering","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","score":0.10841864347457886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-science","display_name":"Soil science","score":0.10191699862480164}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186295008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167903","display_name":"Landslide","level":2,"score":0.9167909622192383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.650747537612915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6454815864562988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6336724162101746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.6111551523208618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5952019095420837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993008072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q293730","display_name":"Loess plateau","level":2,"score":0.5912280082702637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5878682136535645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146849305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370766","display_name":"Ground truth","level":2,"score":0.47279566526412964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3950040340423584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3848317861557007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.24739068746566772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.10841864347457886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.10191699862480164}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2020.2989497","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2020.2989497","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G514878892","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41904102","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7156104877","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"11871392","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8808957333","display_name":"\u5fae\u5730\u9707\u76d1\u6d4b\u590d\u6742\u7ed3\u6784\u504f\u79fb\u6210\u50cf\u4e0e\u901f\u5ea6\u5efa\u6a21\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"41974122","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W183366287","https://openalex.org/W2023203753","https://openalex.org/W2046184576","https://openalex.org/W2050871273","https://openalex.org/W2060465705","https://openalex.org/W2090091295","https://openalex.org/W2097698267","https://openalex.org/W2115367758","https://openalex.org/W2130652100","https://openalex.org/W2133227149","https://openalex.org/W2221487567","https://openalex.org/W2519746072","https://openalex.org/W2531538521","https://openalex.org/W2758350461","https://openalex.org/W2770617885","https://openalex.org/W2773562994","https://openalex.org/W2783350994","https://openalex.org/W2784075164","https://openalex.org/W2799444970","https://openalex.org/W2802780461","https://openalex.org/W2907675382","https://openalex.org/W2908624219","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2912934387","https://openalex.org/W4212883601","https://openalex.org/W6673250033","https://openalex.org/W6679740073"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2389676928","https://openalex.org/W3169474304","https://openalex.org/W2369104181","https://openalex.org/W3201652628","https://openalex.org/W4212972401","https://openalex.org/W2389287188","https://openalex.org/W3081499580","https://openalex.org/W2615020820","https://openalex.org/W3106883776","https://openalex.org/W4224922629"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Landslide":[0],"susceptibility":[1,27,75],"mapping":[2],"is":[3,114],"a":[4,16,25,30,49],"practical":[5],"approach":[6,65],"for":[7],"identifying":[8],"landslide-prone":[9,130],"areas.":[10],"In":[11],"this":[12],"letter,":[13],"we":[14],"apply":[15],"semisupervised":[17],"learning":[18],"method,":[19],"positive":[20,55,134],"unlabeled-bagging":[21],"(PU-bagging)":[22],"to":[23,118,126],"generate":[24],"landslide":[26,74,82],"map":[28,76],"over":[29],"study":[31],"area":[32],"from":[33],"the":[34,43,61,68,78,109,112,121],"Loess":[35],"Plateau":[36],"in":[37,48,128],"North-Central":[38],"China.":[39],"PU-bagging":[40,69,122],"deals":[41],"with":[42,77,91],"lack":[44],"of":[45,63],"negative":[46],"samples":[47,135],"training":[50],"set":[51],"and":[52,56,101,108],"uses":[53],"only":[54,133],"unlabeled":[57],"samples.":[58],"We":[59],"prove":[60],"effectiveness":[62],"our":[64],"by":[66,87],"comparing":[67,88],"decision":[70],"tree":[71],"(DT)":[72],"generated":[73],"ground":[79],"truth":[80],"(known":[81],"locations),":[83],"as":[84,86],"well":[85],"its":[89],"performance":[90],"three":[92],"widely":[93],"used":[94],"models":[95],"(logistic":[96],"regression,":[97],"support":[98],"vector":[99],"machine,":[100],"artificial":[102],"neural":[103],"network).":[104],"The":[105],"promising":[106],"results":[107],"fact":[110],"that":[111,120],"method":[113],"general":[115],"urge":[116],"us":[117],"believe":[119],"should":[123],"be":[124],"able":[125],"perform":[127],"other":[129],"areas":[131],"where":[132],"are":[136],"provided.":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}