{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2912999238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2019.2893602","title":"Reference-Free Measurement of the Classification Reliability of Vector-Based Land Cover Mapping","display_name":"Reference-Free Measurement of the Classification Reliability of Vector-Based Land Cover Mapping","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-02-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2912999238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2019.2893602","mag":"2912999238"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2019.2893602","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2019.2893602","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028526834","display_name":"Pengfei Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0856-7234"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengfei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Land Survey and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0856-7234","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Land Survey and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100644664","display_name":"Wenzhong Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3886-7027"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenzhong Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Land Survey and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3886-7027","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Land Survey and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087051236","display_name":"Rong Kou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6953-7744"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rong Kou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6679,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7103346,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"7","first_page":"1090","last_page":"1094"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6992345452308655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-cover","display_name":"Land cover","score":0.6481934785842896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5543201565742493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5063773393630981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5041395425796509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.5030667185783386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.4881323277950287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4657173156738281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.45922747254371643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.44744592905044556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.4186560809612274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"Land use","score":0.21941408514976501}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6992345452308655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001793","display_name":"Land cover","level":3,"score":0.6481934785842896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5543201565742493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5063773393630981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5041395425796509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.5030667185783386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.4881323277950287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4657173156738281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.45922747254371643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.44744592905044556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.4186560809612274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.21941408514976501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2019.2893602","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2019.2893602","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6899999976158142,"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2471367376","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1-ZVF2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322598","funder_display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G411372703","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ITP/053/16LP","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326427","funder_display_name":"Innovation and Technology Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4206280202","display_name":"\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u9065\u611f\u5f71\u50cf\u5206\u7c7b\u4e0e\u7a7a\u95f4\u5173\u8054\u5206\u6790\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"41331175","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6560831739","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1-ZEAB","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322598","funder_display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322598","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326427","display_name":"Innovation and Technology Fund","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1482289351","https://openalex.org/W1964262728","https://openalex.org/W1984125303","https://openalex.org/W1987616999","https://openalex.org/W1997311580","https://openalex.org/W2005073772","https://openalex.org/W2022853675","https://openalex.org/W2040667072","https://openalex.org/W2041404167","https://openalex.org/W2054512836","https://openalex.org/W2066015174","https://openalex.org/W2073153447","https://openalex.org/W2098594213","https://openalex.org/W2161273109","https://openalex.org/W2168876499","https://openalex.org/W2170804038","https://openalex.org/W2619824656","https://openalex.org/W2981849677","https://openalex.org/W2993383518","https://openalex.org/W3144750446","https://openalex.org/W4245539475","https://openalex.org/W6649649588","https://openalex.org/W6769377118"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4379231730","https://openalex.org/W4389858081","https://openalex.org/W4324315429","https://openalex.org/W2501551404","https://openalex.org/W4385583601","https://openalex.org/W4298131179","https://openalex.org/W2113201962","https://openalex.org/W2799953226","https://openalex.org/W4366343436","https://openalex.org/W1522196789"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"propose":[1],"a":[2,29,90],"reference-free":[3],"method":[4],"for":[5,42],"identifying":[6],"potential":[7],"classification":[8],"errors":[9],"and":[10,55,85,108],"quantitatively":[11],"evaluating":[12],"the":[13,23,46,75,83,120,129],"reliability":[14,68,76],"of":[15,25,49,77,87,114,119],"vector-based":[16],"land":[17,32,51,78,91],"cover":[18,33],"data.":[19],"First,":[20],"by":[21,124],"integrating":[22],"results":[24],"multiple-resolution":[26],"segmentation":[27],"on":[28,103],"data-driven":[30],"scale,":[31],"data":[34,106],"are":[35,53,58,93],"divided":[36],"into":[37],"segments":[38,57,88],"with":[39,100],"increased":[40],"homogeneity":[41],"feature":[43],"extraction.":[44],"Then,":[45],"image":[47],"features":[48],"each":[50],"class":[52],"extracted":[54],"outlying":[56],"identified":[59],"through":[60],"an":[61,66],"adaptive":[62],"clustering":[63],"process.":[64],"Last,":[65],"entropy-based":[67],"measure":[69],"(EBRM)":[70],"is":[71,98,126],"proposed":[72,96],"to":[73],"estimate":[74],"patches.":[79],"In":[80],"EBRM-based":[81],"evaluation,":[82],"diversity":[84],"abnormality":[86],"within":[89],"patch":[92],"considered.":[94],"The":[95,117],"approach":[97],"compared":[99],"state-of-the-art":[101],"methods":[102],"two":[104],"real-life":[105],"sets":[107],"shows":[109],"better":[110],"performance":[111],"in":[112,128],"terms":[113],"error":[115],"identification.":[116],"effectiveness":[118],"quantitative":[121],"description":[122],"provided":[123],"EBRM":[125],"validated":[127],"experiments.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
