{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2900092124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2018.2855196","title":"Nonparametric ISAR Autofocusing Via Entropy- Based Doppler Centroid Search","display_name":"Nonparametric ISAR Autofocusing Via Entropy- Based Doppler Centroid Search","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2900092124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2018.2855196","mag":"2900092124"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2018.2855196","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2018.2855196","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086182418","display_name":"Dario Ligori","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0189-3053"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139705","display_name":"Ingegneria dei Sistemi (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/03spsm219","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139705"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dario Ligori","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signature Technologies Laboratory, IDS Ingegneria Dei Sistemi S.p.A., Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0189-3053","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signature Technologies Laboratory, IDS Ingegneria Dei Sistemi S.p.A., Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139705"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080338984","display_name":"Simon Wagner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9309-4111"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090867","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for High Frequency Physics and Radar Techniques","ror":"https://ror.org/00a6rw165","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090867","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simon Wagner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cognitive Radar Department, Fraunhofer FHR, Wachtberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9309-4111","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cognitive Radar Department, Fraunhofer FHR, Wachtberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090867"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055821822","display_name":"L. Fabbrini","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139705","display_name":"Ingegneria dei Sistemi (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/03spsm219","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139705"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luca Fabbrini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signature Technologies Laboratory, IDS Ingegneria Dei Sistemi S.p.A., Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signature Technologies Laboratory, IDS Ingegneria Dei Sistemi S.p.A., Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139705"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001313610","display_name":"M. Greco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0809-2993"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139705","display_name":"Ingegneria dei Sistemi (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/03spsm219","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139705"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mario Greco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signature Technologies Laboratory, IDS Ingegneria Dei Sistemi S.p.A., Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signature Technologies Laboratory, IDS Ingegneria Dei Sistemi S.p.A., Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139705"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035358145","display_name":"Tanja Bieker","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090867","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for High Frequency Physics and Radar Techniques","ror":"https://ror.org/00a6rw165","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090867","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tanja Bieker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cognitive Radar Department, Fraunhofer FHR, Wachtberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cognitive Radar Department, Fraunhofer FHR, Wachtberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090867"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002346912","display_name":"G. Pinelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5150-2404"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139705","display_name":"Ingegneria dei Sistemi (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/03spsm219","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139705"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gianpaolo Pinelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signature Technologies Laboratory, IDS Ingegneria Dei Sistemi S.p.A., Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signature Technologies Laboratory, IDS Ingegneria Dei Sistemi S.p.A., Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139705"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068473795","display_name":"Stefan Br\u00fcggenwirth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1118-0433"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090867","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for High Frequency Physics and Radar Techniques","ror":"https://ror.org/00a6rw165","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090867","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Bruggenwirth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cognitive Radar Department, Fraunhofer FHR, Wachtberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cognitive Radar Department, Fraunhofer FHR, Wachtberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090867"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.3211,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96861569,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"11","first_page":"1725","last_page":"1729"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse-synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Inverse synthetic aperture radar","score":0.6961871385574341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.648583710193634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.6168681979179382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.546014130115509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.5240271687507629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/doppler-effect","display_name":"Doppler effect","score":0.5172841548919678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5069549083709717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/doppler-radar","display_name":"Doppler radar","score":0.4966276288032532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonparametric-statistics","display_name":"Nonparametric statistics","score":0.4809674322605133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/centroid","display_name":"Centroid","score":0.4563279151916504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.43869784474372864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.4304087162017822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4104927182197571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3607322573661804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.27946770191192627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.15163898468017578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.09135565161705017}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109094680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6060432","display_name":"Inverse synthetic aperture radar","level":4,"score":0.6961871385574341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.648583710193634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.6168681979179382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.546014130115509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.5240271687507629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142757262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76436","display_name":"Doppler effect","level":2,"score":0.5172841548919678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5069549083709717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778559676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334213","display_name":"Doppler radar","level":3,"score":0.4966276288032532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102366305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1097688","display_name":"Nonparametric statistics","level":2,"score":0.4809674322605133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146599234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q511093","display_name":"Centroid","level":2,"score":0.4563279151916504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.43869784474372864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.4304087162017822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4104927182197571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3607322573661804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.27946770191192627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.15163898468017578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.09135565161705017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2018.2855196","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2018.2855196","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:fraunhofer.de:N-524492","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publica.fraunhofer.de/documents/N-524492.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400801","display_name":"Publikationsdatenbank der Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fraunhofer FHR","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/255923","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/255923","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1538078697","https://openalex.org/W1997953477","https://openalex.org/W2073850312","https://openalex.org/W2085845620","https://openalex.org/W2090265124","https://openalex.org/W2101800734","https://openalex.org/W2135972236","https://openalex.org/W2148525506","https://openalex.org/W2288833727","https://openalex.org/W2568935220","https://openalex.org/W2588123883","https://openalex.org/W2588453093","https://openalex.org/W2626312364"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2540450177","https://openalex.org/W2170580735","https://openalex.org/W1552305638","https://openalex.org/W2112228652","https://openalex.org/W1994788526","https://openalex.org/W1915418828","https://openalex.org/W2613451563","https://openalex.org/W1966299760","https://openalex.org/W2150075356","https://openalex.org/W2007886977"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"novel":[1],"approach":[2],"to":[3,23,68,94],"nonparametric":[4],"entropy-based":[5],"autofocusing":[6],"of":[7,42,53,86,123],"inverse":[8],"synthetic":[9],"aperture":[10],"radar":[11,121],"images":[12,79],"is":[13,65,89],"proposed.":[14],"Kinematics":[15],"considerations":[16],"show":[17],"that":[18],"the":[19,24,54,59,62,87,117,124],"range":[20,35],"cell":[21,36],"corresponding":[22],"target":[25,72,99],"rotation":[26],"center":[27],"has":[28],"a":[29,51,95,103,109],"purely":[30],"translational":[31,55],"Doppler":[32,56],"phase.":[33,57],"This":[34],"can":[37],"be":[38],"selected":[39],"by":[40,92,116],"means":[41],"entropy":[43],"criteria,":[44],"and":[45,70,111,119],"its":[46],"phase":[47],"component":[48],"used":[49],"as":[50],"measurement":[52],"Concerning":[58],"existing":[60],"techniques,":[61],"new":[63],"one":[64],"robust":[66],"enough":[67],"noise":[69],"low":[71,81],"reflectivity,":[73],"whereas":[74],"provides":[75],"higher":[76],"quality":[77,85],"output":[78,88],"with":[80],"computational":[82],"load.":[83],"The":[84],"further":[90],"confirmed":[91],"resorting":[93],"recently":[96],"published":[97],"automatic":[98],"recognition":[100],"algorithm,":[101],"obtaining":[102],"very":[104],"high":[105],"success":[106],"rate":[107],"on":[108],"wide":[110],"variegated":[112],"data":[113],"set,":[114],"acquired":[115],"tracking":[118],"imaging":[120],"system":[122],"Fraunhofer":[125],"FHR":[126],"Institute.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}