{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2883747190","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2018.2853047","title":"Identification of Hidden Objects in Layered Media With Shadow Projection Near-Field Microwave Imaging","display_name":"Identification of Hidden Objects in Layered Media With Shadow Projection Near-Field Microwave Imaging","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2883747190","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2018.2853047","mag":"2883747190"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2018.2853047","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2018.2853047","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016525205","display_name":"Kai Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4704-5743"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kai Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["ElectroScience Laboratory, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ElectroScience Laboratory, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033746387","display_name":"Robert J. Burkholder","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3448-9265"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert J. Burkholder","raw_affiliation_strings":["ElectroScience Laboratory, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ElectroScience Laboratory, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016525205"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7627,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69541605,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"10","first_page":"1590","last_page":"1594"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shadow","display_name":"Shadow (psychology)","score":0.7219905853271484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/projection","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","score":0.6875457763671875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.615618109703064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave-imaging","display_name":"Microwave imaging","score":0.5057191848754883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffraction","display_name":"Diffraction","score":0.45785650610923767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/refraction","display_name":"Refraction","score":0.45118457078933716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","score":0.415982723236084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave","display_name":"Microwave","score":0.373829185962677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3667038083076477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3558129370212555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.35489583015441895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14323225617408752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.07974386215209961}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117797892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286363","display_name":"Shadow (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7219905853271484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57493831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3134666","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","level":2,"score":0.6875457763671875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.615618109703064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779885931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17010029","display_name":"Microwave imaging","level":3,"score":0.5057191848754883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207114421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133900","display_name":"Diffraction","level":2,"score":0.45785650610923767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205318122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72277","display_name":"Refraction","level":2,"score":0.45118457078933716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62354387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875399","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","level":2,"score":0.415982723236084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.373829185962677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3667038083076477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3558129370212555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.35489583015441895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14323225617408752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.07974386215209961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2018.2853047","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2018.2853047","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.47999998927116394}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2053439269","https://openalex.org/W2067200256","https://openalex.org/W2084653147","https://openalex.org/W2126789657","https://openalex.org/W2133492506","https://openalex.org/W2138489340","https://openalex.org/W2144703451","https://openalex.org/W2151786856","https://openalex.org/W2172151007","https://openalex.org/W2531034095","https://openalex.org/W2792436669"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2019730784","https://openalex.org/W2512718623","https://openalex.org/W2388603450","https://openalex.org/W1979117245","https://openalex.org/W2092799425","https://openalex.org/W1972352958","https://openalex.org/W2077951293","https://openalex.org/W2075966654","https://openalex.org/W2390071599","https://openalex.org/W2982349733"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,85],"shadow":[1,94,100],"projection":[2,67,101],"approach":[3],"for":[4],"near-field":[5],"microwave":[6,24],"imaging":[7],"is":[8,74,89,103],"developed":[9],"to":[10,40,76,91],"distinguish":[11],"the":[12,33,41,47,63,66,69,72,79,93],"size":[13,82],"and":[14,83],"shape":[15],"of":[16,32,36,44,60,98,109],"objects":[17],"embedded":[18],"in":[19,112],"layered":[20],"media.":[21],"An":[22],"ordinary":[23],"image":[25],"may":[26],"only":[27],"present":[28],"a":[29,54,113],"small":[30],"portion":[31],"front":[34],"surface":[35],"an":[37],"object":[38,73],"due":[39],"lensing":[42],"effect":[43],"refraction":[45],"at":[46,62],"boundary":[48],"between":[49],"two":[50],"adjacent":[51],"layers":[52],"with":[53],"high":[55],"dielectric":[56,115],"contrast.":[57],"Therefore,":[58],"instead":[59],"looking":[61],"primary":[64],"image,":[65],"onto":[68],"interface":[70],"behind":[71],"investigated":[75],"better":[77],"discern":[78],"object\u2019s":[80],"true":[81],"shape.":[84],"diffraction":[86],"tomographic":[87],"algorithm":[88],"modified":[90],"accentuate":[92],"image.":[95],"The":[96],"efficacy":[97],"this":[99],"method":[102],"demonstrated":[104],"by":[105],"3-D":[106],"numerical":[107],"simulations":[108],"air":[110],"voids":[111],"dense":[114],"slab.":[116]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
