{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2741139694","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2017.2726098","title":"Radar HRRP Target Recognition Based on t-SNE Segmentation and Discriminant Deep Belief Network","display_name":"Radar HRRP Target Recognition Based on t-SNE Segmentation and Discriminant Deep Belief Network","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2741139694","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2017.2726098","mag":"2741139694"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2017.2726098","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2017.2726098","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067499148","display_name":"Mian Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9255-008X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50760025","display_name":"Hangzhou Dianzi University","ror":"https://ror.org/0576gt767","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mian Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9255-008X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101434239","display_name":"Jie Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9252-9925"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50760025","display_name":"Hangzhou Dianzi University","ror":"https://ror.org/0576gt767","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056730933","display_name":"Qingpeng Kong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50760025","display_name":"Hangzhou Dianzi University","ror":"https://ror.org/0576gt767","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingpeng Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040770775","display_name":"Jianguang Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4148-6388"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50760025","display_name":"Hangzhou Dianzi University","ror":"https://ror.org/0576gt767","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianguang Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064631397","display_name":"Qinghua Sheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1915-1960"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50760025","display_name":"Hangzhou Dianzi University","ror":"https://ror.org/0576gt767","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qinghua Sheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087504521","display_name":"Tao Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9908-255X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50760025","display_name":"Hangzhou Dianzi University","ror":"https://ror.org/0576gt767","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067499148"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":130.4023,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":93,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99917996,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"9","first_page":"1609","last_page":"1613"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.980400025844574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9799000024795532,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7275760173797607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7153948545455933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6457166075706482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.5287836194038391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5168686509132385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-set","display_name":"Data set","score":0.47096067667007446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.44133251905441284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.42496681213378906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.33311331272125244}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7275760173797607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7153948545455933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6457166075706482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.5287836194038391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5168686509132385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58489278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172284","display_name":"Data set","level":2,"score":0.47096067667007446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.44133251905441284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.42496681213378906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.33311331272125244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2017.2726098","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2017.2726098","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.75,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4702105828","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61501155","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5831655944","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"LQ14F010012","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1875842236","https://openalex.org/W1972127950","https://openalex.org/W1993196525","https://openalex.org/W2026276928","https://openalex.org/W2077550182","https://openalex.org/W2118978333","https://openalex.org/W2129672003","https://openalex.org/W2136922672","https://openalex.org/W2148143831","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2160905702","https://openalex.org/W2164330572","https://openalex.org/W2187089797","https://openalex.org/W2249264420","https://openalex.org/W2259806492","https://openalex.org/W2263236809","https://openalex.org/W2299634766","https://openalex.org/W2470848904"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2081900870","https://openalex.org/W3111219495","https://openalex.org/W2183306018","https://openalex.org/W2549990292","https://openalex.org/W2345479200","https://openalex.org/W2951819827","https://openalex.org/W2397288865","https://openalex.org/W2849310602","https://openalex.org/W2419146053","https://openalex.org/W3006008237"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"radar":[1],"high-resolution":[2],"range":[3],"profile":[4],"(HRRP)-based":[5],"target":[6,17],"recognition,":[7],"one":[8],"of":[9,40,95,118,127,141,148],"the":[10,15,44,83,87,113,125,129,139,142,146,149],"most":[11],"challenging":[12],"tasks":[13],"is":[14,38,75],"noncooperative":[16],"recognition":[18,29,85,151],"with":[19,33,82,132,153],"imbalanced":[20,154],"training":[21],"data":[22,56,66,96,120],"set.":[23],"This":[24],"letter":[25],"presents":[26],"a":[27,60,69],"novel":[28],"framework":[30,37,89,152],"to":[31,58,77],"deal":[32],"this":[34],"problem.":[35],"The":[36,136],"composed":[39],"two":[41],"steps:":[42],"first,":[43],"t-distributed":[45],"stochastic":[46],"neighbor":[47],"embedding":[48],"(t-SNE)":[49],"and":[50,63,144],"synthetic":[51],"sampling":[52],"are":[53],"utilized":[54],"for":[55,103,110],"preprocessing":[57],"provide":[59],"well":[61],"segmented":[62],"balanced":[64],"HRRP":[65,79,101,119,134,155],"set;":[67],"second,":[68],"discriminant":[70],"deep":[71],"belief":[72],"network":[73],"(DDBN)":[74],"proposed":[76,88,150],"recognize":[78],"data.":[80,135,156],"Compared":[81],"conventional":[84],"models,":[86],"not":[90],"only":[91],"makes":[92],"better":[93],"use":[94],"set":[97],"inherent":[98],"structure":[99],"among":[100],"samples":[102],"segmentation,":[104],"but":[105],"also":[106],"utilizes":[107],"high-level":[108],"features":[109],"recognition.":[111],"Moreover,":[112],"DDBN":[114],"shares":[115],"latent":[116],"information":[117],"globally,":[121],"which":[122],"can":[123],"enhance":[124],"ability":[126],"modeling":[128],"aspect":[130],"sectors":[131],"few":[133],"experiments":[137],"illustrate":[138],"meaning":[140],"t-SNE,":[143],"validate":[145],"effectiveness":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}