{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2614504311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2017.2699196","title":"Synthetic Aperture Radar Image Synthesis by Using Generative Adversarial Nets","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar Image Synthesis by Using Generative Adversarial Nets","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-05-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2614504311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2017.2699196","mag":"2614504311"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2017.2699196","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2017.2699196","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057347296","display_name":"Jiayi Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2272-0450"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110458","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/01z143507","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiayi Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2272-0450","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056766372","display_name":"Bin Lei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7625-9236"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110458","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/01z143507","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101193014","display_name":"Chibiao Ding","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110458","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/01z143507","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chibiao Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001790597","display_name":"Yueting Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6802-7101"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110458","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/01z143507","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yueting Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":27.8975,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":165,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99711191,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"7","first_page":"1111","last_page":"1115"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11245","display_name":"Advanced Numerical Analysis Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.8371734023094177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8028558492660522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6431611776351929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clutter","display_name":"Clutter","score":0.6415486931800842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5640004873275757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.519792914390564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalization","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","score":0.5194644331932068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse-synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Inverse synthetic aperture radar","score":0.5078437924385071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-synthesis","display_name":"Image synthesis","score":0.45668095350265503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.38749319314956665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.37353232502937317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.8371734023094177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8028558492660522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6431611776351929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.6415486931800842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5640004873275757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.519792914390564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.5194644331932068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109094680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6060432","display_name":"Inverse synthetic aperture radar","level":4,"score":0.5078437924385071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989087649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Image synthesis","level":3,"score":0.45668095350265503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.38749319314956665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.37353232502937317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2017.2699196","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2017.2699196","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6775118367","display_name":"\u9ad8\u5206\u8fa8\u7387SAR\u6210\u50cf\u8981\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0e\u96c6\u6210\u5316\u5904\u7406\u5e73\u53f0","funder_award_id":"61331017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W127697324","https://openalex.org/W1983394852","https://openalex.org/W2099471712","https://openalex.org/W2106680998","https://openalex.org/W2112024307","https://openalex.org/W2125389028","https://openalex.org/W2158834404","https://openalex.org/W2168844904","https://openalex.org/W2963373786","https://openalex.org/W4320013936","https://openalex.org/W6605120661","https://openalex.org/W6718379498"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2540450177","https://openalex.org/W2170580735","https://openalex.org/W1552305638","https://openalex.org/W2112228652","https://openalex.org/W1994788526","https://openalex.org/W1915418828","https://openalex.org/W2613451563","https://openalex.org/W1966299760","https://openalex.org/W2007886977","https://openalex.org/W2150075356"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Synthetic":[0],"aperture":[1],"radar":[2],"(SAR)":[3],"image":[4,24,61],"simulators":[5,31],"based":[6,66],"on":[7,67],"computer-aided":[8],"drawing":[9],"models":[10,106],"play":[11],"an":[12,46],"important":[13],"role":[14],"in":[15,39,126],"SAR":[16,111],"applications,":[17],"such":[18,30],"as":[19],"automatic":[20],"target":[21],"recognition":[22],"and":[23,37,72,82,128],"interpretation.":[25],"However,":[26,100],"the":[27,40,55,59,89,97,101,142,145,156],"accuracy":[28],"of":[29,96,104,147,155],"is":[32],"due":[33],"to":[34,135,150],"geometric":[35],"error":[36],"simplification":[38],"electromagnetic":[41],"calculation.":[42],"In":[43],"this":[44],"letter,":[45],"end-to-end":[47],"model":[48,64],"was":[49,65,75,107,133,159],"developed":[50],"that":[51,141],"could":[52],"directly":[53],"synthesize":[54],"desired":[56],"images":[57,81,112,158],"from":[58],"known":[60],"database.":[62],"The":[63,120,138,153],"generative":[68],"adversarial":[69],"nets":[70],"(GANs),":[71],"its":[73],"feasibility":[74],"validated":[76],"by":[77,117],"comparisons":[78],"with":[79],"real":[80],"ray-tracing":[83],"results.":[84],"As":[85],"a":[86,129],"further":[87],"step,":[88],"samples":[90],"were":[91,124],"synthesized":[92,157],"at":[93],"angles":[94],"outside":[95],"data":[98],"set.":[99],"training":[102],"process":[103],"GAN":[105],"difficult,":[108],"especially":[109],"for":[110],"which":[113],"are":[114],"usually":[115],"affected":[116],"noise":[118],"interference.":[119],"major":[121],"failure":[122],"modes":[123],"analyzed":[125],"experiments,":[127],"clutter":[130],"normalization":[131],"method":[132,143],"proposed":[134],"ameliorate":[136],"them.":[137],"results":[139],"showed":[140],"improved":[144],"speed":[146],"convergence":[148],"up":[149],"10":[151],"times.":[152],"quality":[154],"also":[160],"improved.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-08-04T08:18:43.703281","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
