{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2433989982","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2016.2574539","title":"An Improvement on SSA Method for EM Scattering From Electrically Large Rough Sea Surface","display_name":"An Improvement on SSA Method for EM Scattering From Electrically Large Rough Sea Surface","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-06-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2433989982","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2016.2574539","mag":"2433989982"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2016.2574539","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2016.2574539","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100753464","display_name":"Jinxing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3671-6281"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinxing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100618685","display_name":"Min Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9992-0007"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9992-0007","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036992210","display_name":"Pengbo Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2063-4484"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengbo Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113408582","display_name":"Wangqiang Jiang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wangqiang Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3708,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91464336,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"8","first_page":"1144","last_page":"1148"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11698","display_name":"Underwater Acoustics Research","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattering","display_name":"Scattering","score":0.7582248449325562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ripple","display_name":"Ripple","score":0.7494759559631348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/specular-reflection","display_name":"Specular reflection","score":0.5728137493133545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.5507088303565979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-cross-section","display_name":"Radar cross-section","score":0.5305714011192322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/superposition-principle","display_name":"Superposition principle","score":0.48861008882522583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facet","display_name":"Facet (psychology)","score":0.4828272759914398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tilt","display_name":"Tilt (camera)","score":0.44658899307250977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface","display_name":"Surface (topology)","score":0.4324411451816559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bistatic-radar","display_name":"Bistatic radar","score":0.41011130809783936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.37838104367256165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.3418165445327759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.33908307552337646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-physics","display_name":"Computational physics","score":0.3264075219631195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.32156631350517273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2056071162223816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.17503759264945984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.150128573179245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10825088620185852}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.7582248449325562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779599953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1776117","display_name":"Ripple","level":3,"score":0.7494759559631348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118381688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1079524","display_name":"Specular reflection","level":2,"score":0.5728137493133545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5507088303565979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101457746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q560430","display_name":"Radar cross-section","level":3,"score":0.5305714011192322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27753989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q284885","display_name":"Superposition principle","level":2,"score":0.48861008882522583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43122875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428522","display_name":"Facet (psychology)","level":4,"score":0.4828272759914398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779844322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2919140","display_name":"Tilt (camera)","level":2,"score":0.44658899307250977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776799497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484298","display_name":"Surface (topology)","level":2,"score":0.4324411451816559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100102862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625855","display_name":"Bistatic radar","level":4,"score":0.41011130809783936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.37838104367256165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3418165445327759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.33908307552337646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30475298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909554","display_name":"Computational physics","level":1,"score":0.3264075219631195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.32156631350517273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2056071162223816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.17503759264945984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.150128573179245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10825088620185852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187288502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641118","display_name":"Personality","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2865642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378132","display_name":"Big Five personality traits","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2016.2574539","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2016.2574539","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8799999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8355193003","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61372004/41306188","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1607823060","https://openalex.org/W1679669278","https://openalex.org/W1963742414","https://openalex.org/W1963834619","https://openalex.org/W1968600221","https://openalex.org/W2016541210","https://openalex.org/W2037799381","https://openalex.org/W2066758575","https://openalex.org/W2072858605","https://openalex.org/W2077913833","https://openalex.org/W2096853382","https://openalex.org/W2100807107","https://openalex.org/W2105572471","https://openalex.org/W2108369688","https://openalex.org/W2114664437","https://openalex.org/W2146008987","https://openalex.org/W2149609057","https://openalex.org/W2162903493","https://openalex.org/W2165827997"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2559833131","https://openalex.org/W2730225583","https://openalex.org/W2358496650","https://openalex.org/W1577762516","https://openalex.org/W2373103466","https://openalex.org/W2359212910","https://openalex.org/W2749793405","https://openalex.org/W1726654622","https://openalex.org/W2909443172","https://openalex.org/W2131863848"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"improved":[1],"facet":[2,79,89,122],"model":[3],"for":[4],"the":[5,8,24,31,36,48,84,91,94,107,133,142,151,164,168,172],"predication":[6],"of":[7,14,54,86,102,132,163,174],"normalized":[9],"radar":[10],"cross":[11],"section":[12],"(NRCS)":[13],"electrically":[15,55],"large":[16,56,121],"rough":[17],"sea":[18,57,78],"surface":[19],"was":[20],"proposed":[21,41,152,169],"based":[22],"on":[23],"first-order":[25],"small":[26,114],"slope":[27],"approximation":[28],"(SSA-1)":[29],"method,":[30],"Bragg":[32],"scattering":[33,38,146],"mechanism,":[34],"and":[35,52,90,144,161],"specular":[37],"mechanism.":[39],"The":[40,71,128],"method":[42,153,170],"is":[43,74,96],"able":[44],"to":[45,66,98],"evaluate":[46],"both":[47,141],"complex":[49],"reflective":[50],"function":[51],"NRCS":[53,147],"surfaces":[58],"from":[59],"as":[60,62,67,69,83,178,180],"low":[61],"ultrahigh":[63],"frequency":[64],"band":[65],"high":[68,175],"Ka-band.":[70],"main":[72],"idea":[73],"that":[75,167],"a":[76,87,100,120,124],"tilt":[77],"can":[80,116],"be":[81,99,117],"regarded":[82],"superposition":[85],"planner":[88],"microscopic":[92],"profile;":[93],"latter":[95],"assumed":[97],"set":[101],"sinusoidal":[103],"ripple":[104],"patches.":[105],"Thus,":[106],"integration":[108],"kernel":[109],"in":[110],"SSA-1":[111],"over":[112],"several":[113],"facets":[115],"replaced":[118],"by":[119,150,159],"with":[123,156],"short":[125],"wave":[126],"modification.":[127],"efficiency":[129,177],"increases":[130],"because":[131],"much":[134],"larger":[135],"mesh":[136],"size":[137],"than":[138],"SSA.":[139],"Then,":[140],"backscattering":[143],"bistatic":[145],"results":[148,165],"calculated":[149],"were":[154],"compared":[155],"those":[157],"predicated":[158],"SSA-1,":[160],"all":[162],"show":[166],"has":[171],"merits":[173],"calculation":[176,181],"well":[179],"accuracy.":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}