{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2308407318","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2016.2530724","title":"A Novel Approach for Multispectral Satellite Image Classification Based on the Bat Algorithm","display_name":"A Novel Approach for Multispectral Satellite Image Classification Based on the Bat Algorithm","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-03-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2308407318","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2016.2530724","mag":"2308407318"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2016.2530724","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2016.2530724","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"J. Senthilnath","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177156846","display_name":"South Dakota State University","ror":"https://ror.org/015jmes13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177156846"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Senthilnath","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Aerospace Engineering, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Aerospace Engineering, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177156846"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082763638","display_name":"Sushant Kulkarni","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sushant Kulkarni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Aerospace Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Aerospace Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035508615","display_name":"J\u00f3n Atli Benediktsson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-9647"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165368041","display_name":"University of Iceland","ror":"https://ror.org/01db6h964","country_code":"IS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165368041"]}],"countries":["IS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. A. Benediktsson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165368041"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009930587","display_name":"Xin\u2010She Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8231-5556"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60488453","display_name":"Middlesex University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rv4p989","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60488453"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"X. S. Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60488453"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":17.3239,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":108,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99117257,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"4","first_page":"599","last_page":"603"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9595000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9351999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multispectral-image","display_name":"Multispectral image","score":0.8170926570892334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6987409591674805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.6709578633308411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.6528053283691406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6176968216896057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.48613807559013367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.48068127036094666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.476870596408844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multispectral-pattern-recognition","display_name":"Multispectral pattern recognition","score":0.47512251138687134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.46897539496421814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4602789580821991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-classification","display_name":"Statistical classification","score":0.44397565722465515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.43022918701171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.42691320180892944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4150088429450989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.23572829365730286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.22061845660209656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.06454452872276306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173163844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761440","display_name":"Multispectral image","level":2,"score":0.8170926570892334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6987409591674805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.6709578633308411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.6528053283691406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6176968216896057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.48613807559013367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.48068127036094666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.476870596408844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104541649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6935090","display_name":"Multispectral pattern recognition","level":3,"score":0.47512251138687134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.46897539496421814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4602789580821991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110083411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1744628","display_name":"Statistical classification","level":2,"score":0.44397565722465515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.43022918701171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.42691320180892944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4150088429450989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.23572829365730286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.22061845660209656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.06454452872276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2016.2530724","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2016.2530724","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.mdx.ac.uk:19322","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400025","display_name":"Middlesex University Research Repository (Middlesex University Of London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I60488453","host_organization_name":"Middlesex University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60488453"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.iisc.ac.in:53712","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://eprints.iisc.ac.in/53712/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196309","display_name":"NOT FOUND REPOSITORY (Indian Institute of Science Bangalore)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","host_organization_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W145755714","https://openalex.org/W1599991644","https://openalex.org/W1602221763","https://openalex.org/W1970188500","https://openalex.org/W1974981350","https://openalex.org/W1978695274","https://openalex.org/W1979357074","https://openalex.org/W1991359419","https://openalex.org/W2018490662","https://openalex.org/W2024060531","https://openalex.org/W2024518622","https://openalex.org/W2035364453","https://openalex.org/W2071434991","https://openalex.org/W2074003364","https://openalex.org/W2098477891","https://openalex.org/W2143978378","https://openalex.org/W2153687357","https://openalex.org/W2158184062","https://openalex.org/W2166056814","https://openalex.org/W2963103847","https://openalex.org/W3105346980","https://openalex.org/W6739592022"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2128126485","https://openalex.org/W1995889410","https://openalex.org/W4382563209","https://openalex.org/W2124952510","https://openalex.org/W1752760603","https://openalex.org/W2777937183","https://openalex.org/W2108633818","https://openalex.org/W1517037119","https://openalex.org/W2138664739","https://openalex.org/W4389779246"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Among":[0],"the":[1,11,18,37,78,108,119,122,128,151,157,162,170],"multiple":[2],"advantages":[3],"and":[4,102,141],"applications":[5],"of":[6,10,20,80,110,121,127],"remote":[7],"sensing,":[8],"one":[9,103],"most":[12],"important":[13],"uses":[14],"is":[15,72,130,147],"to":[16,74,117,176],"solve":[17,177],"problem":[19],"crop":[21,27,41,58,178],"classification,":[22],"i.e.,":[23],"differentiating":[24],"between":[25],"various":[26],"types.":[28],"Satellite":[29],"images":[30],"are":[31,91,115],"a":[32,49,63],"reliable":[33],"source":[34],"for":[35,56],"investigating":[36],"temporal":[38],"changes":[39],"in":[40,77],"cultivated":[42],"areas.":[43],"In":[44],"this":[45],"letter,":[46],"we":[47],"propose":[48],"novel":[50],"bat":[51],"algorithm":[52,71,140],"(BA)-based":[53],"clustering":[54,70],"approach":[55,154],"solving":[57],"type":[59,179],"classification":[60,180],"problems":[61],"using":[62],"multispectral":[64,99],"satellite":[65,100],"image.":[66],"The":[67,87,125,145],"proposed":[68,123],"partitional":[69],"used":[73,116],"extract":[75],"information":[76],"form":[79],"optimal":[81],"cluster":[82,89],"centers":[83,90],"from":[84,107],"training":[85],"samples.":[86,96],"extracted":[88],"then":[92],"validated":[93],"on":[94],"test":[95],"A":[97],"real-time":[98],"image":[101],"benchmark":[104],"data":[105],"set":[106],"University":[109],"California,":[111],"Irvine":[112],"(UCI)":[113],"repository":[114],"demonstrate":[118],"robustness":[120],"algorithm.":[124],"performance":[126,146],"BA":[129,158,171],"compared":[131,149],"with":[132,150,159],"two":[133],"other":[134],"nature-inspired":[135],"metaheuristic":[136],"techniques,":[137],"namely,":[138],"genetic":[139],"particle":[142],"swarm":[143],"optimization.":[144],"also":[148],"existing":[152],"hybrid":[153],"such":[155],"as":[156],"K-means.":[160],"From":[161],"results":[163],"obtained,":[164],"it":[165],"can":[166,172],"be":[167,173],"concluded":[168],"that":[169],"successfully":[174],"applied":[175],"problems.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
