{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2157269654","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2014.2373133","title":"The Unknown Spatial Quality of Dense Point Clouds Derived From Stereo Images","display_name":"The Unknown Spatial Quality of Dense Point Clouds Derived From Stereo Images","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2157269654","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2014.2373133","mag":"2157269654"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2014.2373133","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2014.2373133","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001062344","display_name":"A. Jalobeanu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andre\u0301 Jalobeanu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Research Laboratories, BayesMap Solutions, LLC, Castro Valley, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Research Laboratories, BayesMap Solutions, LLC, Castro Valley, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064097513","display_name":"Gil Gon\u00e7alves","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1746-0367"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76903346","display_name":"University of Coimbra","ror":"https://ror.org/04z8k9a98","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76903346"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gil Goncalves","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mathematics Department, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematics Department, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76903346"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001062344"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5523,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74784342,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"5","first_page":"1013","last_page":"1017"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7774544954299927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redundancy","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","score":0.6199064254760742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.6141250729560852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.606648862361908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photogrammetry","display_name":"Photogrammetry","score":0.5583373308181763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5075053572654724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.45536959171295166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.4255744516849518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.42211470007896423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3798145353794098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3586770296096802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1281832754611969}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7774544954299927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152124472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1204361","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6199064254760742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.6141250729560852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.606648862361908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117455697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190149","display_name":"Photogrammetry","level":2,"score":0.5583373308181763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5075053572654724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.45536959171295166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.4255744516849518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.42211470007896423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3798145353794098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3586770296096802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1281832754611969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2014.2373133","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2014.2373133","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W11802270","https://openalex.org/W362013703","https://openalex.org/W1509562192","https://openalex.org/W1533955188","https://openalex.org/W1973871580","https://openalex.org/W1979846720","https://openalex.org/W1987744989","https://openalex.org/W1998365472","https://openalex.org/W2052109769","https://openalex.org/W2053175758","https://openalex.org/W2100115174","https://openalex.org/W2104853049","https://openalex.org/W2110160730","https://openalex.org/W2114265535","https://openalex.org/W2128052895","https://openalex.org/W2142959563","https://openalex.org/W2146733066","https://openalex.org/W2151646056","https://openalex.org/W2159803308","https://openalex.org/W2165114467","https://openalex.org/W2319418017","https://openalex.org/W2480642495","https://openalex.org/W2797618158","https://openalex.org/W2994790477","https://openalex.org/W3135319668","https://openalex.org/W4232632925","https://openalex.org/W4244102296","https://openalex.org/W4299551239","https://openalex.org/W6663556948","https://openalex.org/W6681658146","https://openalex.org/W6790980822"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2365572566","https://openalex.org/W2394068580","https://openalex.org/W2525880111","https://openalex.org/W2051732542","https://openalex.org/W2369515111","https://openalex.org/W1902541973","https://openalex.org/W3049104455","https://openalex.org/W1188945172","https://openalex.org/W2560018626","https://openalex.org/W4283833840"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Is":[0],"it":[1,109],"possible":[2,112],"to":[3,7,12,28,113,120,138,165],"use":[4,146],"stereo":[5,103],"images":[6],"generate":[8],"point":[9],"clouds":[10],"and":[11,72,122,131],"compute":[13],"rigorous":[14],"uncertainty":[15],"maps?":[16],"Currently,":[17],"neither":[18],"modern":[19],"commercial":[20],"photogrammetric":[21],"software":[22],"nor":[23],"state-of-the-art":[24],"algorithms":[25,136],"are":[26],"able":[27],"provide":[29],"a":[30,46,161,179],"spatial":[31],"distribution":[32],"of":[33,61,90,134,147,169],"uncertainty.":[34],"In":[35,96],"this":[36,41,97],"letter,":[37,98],"we":[38,99,142],"explain":[39,107],"why":[40],"is":[42,110,160],"the":[43,50,59,87,135,145,153,166,183],"case,":[44],"despite":[45,152],"high":[47],"demand":[48],"from":[49,58],"user":[51],"community.":[52],"Many":[53],"applications":[54],"would":[55],"indeed":[56],"benefit":[57],"availability":[60],"error":[62],"bars":[63],"on":[64,69,101,144],"each":[65],"point,":[66],"as":[67,185],"uncertainties":[68,117],"derived":[70],"models":[71],"quantities":[73],"could":[74,82,93],"be":[75,83,94,189],"accurately":[76],"predicted.":[77],"For":[78],"instance,":[79],"change":[80],"detection":[81],"performed":[84],"rigorously":[85],"since":[86],"statistical":[88],"significance":[89],"observed":[91],"changes":[92],"computed.":[95],"focus":[100,143],"dense":[102],"methods.":[104],"We":[105,172],"first":[106],"that":[108,128,174],"not":[111],"derive":[114],"reliable":[115],"predictive":[116],"mainly":[118],"due":[119,164],"matching":[121],"modeling":[123],"errors.":[124],"Our":[125],"research":[126],"shows":[127],"both":[129],"intrinsic":[130],"practical":[132],"limitations":[133,187],"lead":[137],"unpredictable":[139],"artifacts.":[140],"Then,":[141],"empirical":[148],"errors,":[149],"showing":[150],"that,":[151],"redundancy":[154],"brought":[155],"by":[156,191],"multiview":[157],"stereo,":[158],"there":[159],"fundamental":[162],"limitation":[163],"unknown":[167],"density":[168],"independent":[170],"measurements.":[171],"think":[173],"these":[175,186],"problems":[176],"will":[177],"represent":[178],"big":[180],"challenge":[181],"for":[182],"future,":[184],"cannot":[188],"addressed":[190],"algorithmic":[192],"design,":[193],"computational":[194],"power,":[195],"or":[196],"imaging":[197],"sensor":[198],"technology.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}