{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2010266045","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2013.2293318","title":"A Dual-Gain Design for the Geostationary Synthetic Thinned Array Radiometer","display_name":"A Dual-Gain Design for the Geostationary Synthetic Thinned Array Radiometer","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2010266045","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2013.2293318","mag":"2010266045"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2013.2293318","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2013.2293318","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050546651","display_name":"Alan Tanner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7829-8511"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alan Tanner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089983239","display_name":"T. Gaier","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Todd Gaier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023385531","display_name":"William A. Imbriale","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Imbriale","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112228194","display_name":"Pekka Kangaslahti","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pekka Kangaslahti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010478491","display_name":"Bjorn Lambrigtsen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7601-9881"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bjorn Lambrigtsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066203441","display_name":"Boon Lim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5375-5827"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boon Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9925,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76701571,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"8","first_page":"1340","last_page":"1344"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12450","display_name":"Radio Astronomy Observations and Technology","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiometer","display_name":"Radiometer","score":0.7187628746032715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.6204264760017395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visibility","display_name":"Visibility","score":0.5901359915733337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aperture","display_name":"Aperture (computer memory)","score":0.5833621025085449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-aperture","display_name":"Antenna aperture","score":0.5539864897727966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.5445916056632996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.5390536189079285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/array-gain","display_name":"Array gain","score":0.4898759722709656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-gain","display_name":"Antenna gain","score":0.48443177342414856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.45678481459617615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geostationary-orbit","display_name":"Geostationary orbit","score":0.41956040263175964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-array","display_name":"Antenna array","score":0.37135836482048035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.36246153712272644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.32071182131767273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dipole-antenna","display_name":"Dipole antenna","score":0.22429129481315613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.2079276740550995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.18460550904273987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.17280036211013794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.1669488549232483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.15744122862815857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1501336693763733}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120189094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850281","display_name":"Radiometer","level":2,"score":0.7187628746032715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.6204264760017395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123403432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q654068","display_name":"Visibility","level":2,"score":0.5901359915733337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78336883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4779385","display_name":"Aperture (computer memory)","level":2,"score":0.5833621025085449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137705275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q571946","display_name":"Antenna aperture","level":4,"score":0.5539864897727966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.5445916056632996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.5390536189079285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136664719","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4795880","display_name":"Array gain","level":4,"score":0.4898759722709656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81183938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251537","display_name":"Antenna gain","level":5,"score":0.48443177342414856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.45678481459617615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16405173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192316","display_name":"Geostationary orbit","level":3,"score":0.41956040263175964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.37135836482048035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.36246153712272644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.32071182131767273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113145756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126859","display_name":"Dipole antenna","level":3,"score":0.22429129481315613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2079276740550995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.18460550904273987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.17280036211013794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.1669488549232483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.15744122862815857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1501336693763733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2013.2293318","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2013.2293318","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.49000000953674316,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2101604913","https://openalex.org/W2103442239","https://openalex.org/W2109535177","https://openalex.org/W2121813745","https://openalex.org/W2156334161","https://openalex.org/W2159268236","https://openalex.org/W2161563563","https://openalex.org/W3023201122"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2186911381","https://openalex.org/W2336419757","https://openalex.org/W2614068813","https://openalex.org/W2567744381","https://openalex.org/W1624713782","https://openalex.org/W4308119181","https://openalex.org/W1970961362","https://openalex.org/W2982615837","https://openalex.org/W4312203115","https://openalex.org/W3005613605"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"new":[1],"geometry":[2,59,67],"for":[3,32,53,105],"synthetic":[4],"aperture":[5,109],"radiometers":[6],"is":[7,60,111,144,164],"presented":[8],"which":[9,37],"increases":[10],"the":[11,17,21,26,40,48,54,63,90,96,100,115,120,136,158,162,169,176],"distance":[12],"between":[13,147],"adjacent":[14],"elements":[15,71],"in":[16,25,47,95],"array":[18,76,131,151],"without":[19],"changing":[20],"visibility":[22,101,122],"sample":[23,93,117],"density":[24],"u-v":[27,97,116],"plane.":[28],"This":[29],"provides":[30],"room":[31],"higher":[33],"elemental":[34,107],"antenna":[35,108],"gain,":[36],"improves":[38,175],"both":[39],"overall":[41,177],"system":[42,87,137,163,178],"sensitivity":[43,159],"and":[44,126,152],"alias":[45],"rejection":[46],"synthesized":[49],"image-both":[50],"critical":[51],"requirements":[52],"Earth":[55],"observing":[56],"application.":[57],"The":[58,85,142],"derived":[61],"from":[62],"simple":[64],"Y":[65],"-array":[66],"by":[68,166,182],"shifting":[69],"alternate":[70],"within":[72],"an":[73,106],"otherwise":[74],"linear":[75],"arm":[77],"into":[78],"two":[79],"or":[80],"more":[81],"rows":[82],"of":[83,99,161,168,185],"antennas.":[84],"resulting":[86],"largely":[88],"retains":[89],"same":[91],"hexagonal":[92],"grid":[94],"plane":[98],"function,":[102],"yet":[103],"allows":[104],"that":[110,167],"physically":[112],"larger":[113],"than":[114],"spacing.":[118],"Only":[119],"shortest":[121],"baselines":[123],"are":[124],"lost,":[125],"a":[127,148,153,183],"small":[128,154],"dedicated":[129],"low-gain":[130,155],"must":[132],"be":[133],"added":[134],"to":[135,138],"recover":[139],"these":[140],"baselines.":[141],"radiometer":[143],"thus":[145],"divided":[146],"large":[149,170],"high-gain":[150],"array.":[156],"Since":[157],"(delta-T)":[160],"dominated":[165],"array,":[171],"this":[172,180],"approach":[173],"greatly":[174],"sensitivity-in":[179],"letter,":[181],"factor":[184,189],"9":[186],"(or,":[187],"equivalently,":[188],"81":[190],"integration":[191],"time).":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
