{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2007028585","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2013.2254465","title":"An Object-Based Workflow to Extract Landforms at Multiple Scales From Two Distinct Data Types","display_name":"An Object-Based Workflow to Extract Landforms at Multiple Scales From Two Distinct Data Types","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-04-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2007028585","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2013.2254465","mag":"2007028585"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2013.2254465","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2013.2254465","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8859/6365805/06497490.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8859/6365805/06497490.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012248778","display_name":"Sebastian d\u2019Oleire-Oltmanns","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7040-708X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114090438","display_name":"Goethe University Frankfurt","ror":"https://ror.org/04cvxnb49","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114090438"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182212641","display_name":"University of Salzburg","ror":"https://ror.org/05gs8cd61","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182212641"]}],"countries":["AT","DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. d'Oleire-Oltmanns","raw_affiliation_strings":["Doctoral College GIScience, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria","Remote Sensing and GIS Working Group, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Doctoral College GIScience, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182212641"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing and GIS Working Group, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114090438"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077186504","display_name":"Clemens Eisank","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182212641","display_name":"University of Salzburg","ror":"https://ror.org/05gs8cd61","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182212641"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Eisank","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geoinformatics (Z_GIS), University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geoinformatics (Z_GIS), University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182212641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075850323","display_name":"Lucian Dr\u0103gu\u0163","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2138-3288"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3121153395","display_name":"West University of Timi\u015foara","ror":"https://ror.org/0583a0t97","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3121153395"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Dragut","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, West University of Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, West University of Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3121153395"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056842687","display_name":"Thomas Blaschke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1860-8458"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182212641","display_name":"University of Salzburg","ror":"https://ror.org/05gs8cd61","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182212641"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Blaschke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geoinformatics (Z_GIS), University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geoinformatics (Z_GIS), University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182212641"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":{"value":1590,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1714},"fwci":3.2135,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":63,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90172464,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"4","first_page":"947","last_page":"951"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":0.9883999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/landform","display_name":"Landform","score":0.7262024879455566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.6372201442718506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6157140135765076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workflow","display_name":"Workflow","score":0.5965991020202637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5947778820991516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drumlin","display_name":"Drumlin","score":0.5945947170257568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-elevation-model","display_name":"Digital elevation model","score":0.5331247448921204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrain","display_name":"Terrain","score":0.47423216700553894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.458322674036026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.44949954748153687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.44089823961257935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.4312417209148407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.4144873023033142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3770892024040222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.2994644045829773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.2359687089920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.1075877845287323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.09853518009185791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geomorphology","display_name":"Geomorphology","score":0.09046816825866699}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108497213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q271669","display_name":"Landform","level":2,"score":0.7262024879455566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.6372201442718506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6157140135765076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.5965991020202637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5947778820991516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183504680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192701","display_name":"Drumlin","level":5,"score":0.5945947170257568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181843262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640492","display_name":"Digital elevation model","level":2,"score":0.5331247448921204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161840515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131","display_name":"Terrain","level":2,"score":0.47423216700553894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.458322674036026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.44949954748153687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.44089823961257935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.4312417209148407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.4144873023033142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3770892024040222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2994644045829773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.2359687089920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1075877845287323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.09853518009185791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.09046816825866699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81820708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2540532","display_name":"Ice stream","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136894858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213926","display_name":"Sea ice","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197435368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q493109","display_name":"Cryosphere","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2013.2254465","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2013.2254465","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8859/6365805/06497490.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2013.2254465","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2013.2254465","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8859/6365805/06497490.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.4399999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3085262636","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W 1237-N23","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321181","funder_display_name":"Austrian Science Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5869621006","display_name":"Geographic Information Science. Integrating interdisciplinary concepts and methods","funder_award_id":"W1237","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321181","funder_display_name":"Austrian Science Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G669921295","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DKW1237-N23","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321181","funder_display_name":"Austrian Science Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321181","display_name":"Austrian Science Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/013tf3c58"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2007028585.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2007028585.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W48522043","https://openalex.org/W1495838321","https://openalex.org/W1760020758","https://openalex.org/W1831091750","https://openalex.org/W1964262728","https://openalex.org/W1973724465","https://openalex.org/W1978110877","https://openalex.org/W1989563048","https://openalex.org/W1992684295","https://openalex.org/W2006636507","https://openalex.org/W2011488241","https://openalex.org/W2011517993","https://openalex.org/W2023138554","https://openalex.org/W2026324865","https://openalex.org/W2026773326","https://openalex.org/W2043964026","https://openalex.org/W2059021524","https://openalex.org/W2061240006","https://openalex.org/W2062046070","https://openalex.org/W2066730534","https://openalex.org/W2070261027","https://openalex.org/W2105081431","https://openalex.org/W2140767554","https://openalex.org/W2149064628","https://openalex.org/W2154351534","https://openalex.org/W2317648842"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W49508970","https://openalex.org/W1989539186","https://openalex.org/W2000787696","https://openalex.org/W4245214537","https://openalex.org/W3002065998","https://openalex.org/W4321493663","https://openalex.org/W2765506514","https://openalex.org/W1527642193","https://openalex.org/W2769741888","https://openalex.org/W2976670656"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Landform":[0],"mapping":[1,43,67,80,99,135],"is":[2,45],"more":[3],"important":[4],"than":[5],"ever":[6],"before,":[7],"yet":[8],"the":[9,26,35,97,111,156,179],"automatic":[10],"recognition":[11],"of":[12,25,100,121,170,178],"specific":[13],"landforms":[14],"remains":[15],"difficult.":[16],"Object-based":[17],"image":[18],"analysis":[19],"(OBIA)":[20],"steps":[21],"out":[22],"as":[23],"one":[24],"most":[27],"promising":[28],"techniques":[29],"for":[30,65,78,96,108,125,134],"tackling":[31],"this":[32,39],"issue.":[33],"Using":[34],"OBIA":[36],"approach,":[37],"in":[38],"study,":[40],"a":[41,69,82,87,90],"multiscale":[42,98],"workflow":[44],"developed":[46,95],"and":[47,57,118,129,165,176],"applied":[48],"to":[49],"two":[50],"different":[51],"input":[52,157],"data":[53,62,75,109,149],"sets:":[54],"aerial":[55],"photographs":[56],"digital":[58],"elevation":[59],"models.":[60],"Optical":[61],"are":[63,76],"used":[64],"gully":[66,126],"on":[68,81],"very":[70],"local":[71],"scale,":[72],"while":[73],"terrain":[74],"employed":[77],"drumlin":[79],"slightly":[83],"broader":[84],"scale.":[85],"After":[86],"multiresolution":[88],"segmentation,":[89,110],"knowledge-based":[91],"classification":[92,144,180],"approach":[93],"was":[94,114,132,140],"targeted":[101],"landforms.":[102,167],"To":[103],"identify":[104],"well-suited":[105],"scale":[106],"levels":[107],"estimation-of-scale-parameter":[112],"tool":[113],"applied.":[115],"Contrast":[116],"information":[117,131],"shape":[119,130],"properties":[120],"segments":[122],"were":[123,152],"implemented":[124],"classification.":[127],"Contextual":[128],"utilized":[133],"drumlins.":[136],"An":[137],"accuracy":[138,175],"assessment":[139],"performed":[141],"by":[142],"comparing":[143],"results":[145],"with":[146],"independent":[147],"reference":[148,166],"sets":[150],"that":[151],"delineated":[153],"manually":[154],"from":[155],"data.":[158],"We":[159],"achieved":[160],"satisfactory":[161],"agreements":[162],"between":[163],"mapped":[164],"Knowledge-based":[168],"identification":[169],"segment":[171],"features":[172],"improves":[173],"both":[174],"transferability":[177],"system.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}