{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2081591359","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2011.2179518","title":"TOPS Mode Raw Data Generation From Wide-Beam SAR Imaging Modes","display_name":"TOPS Mode Raw Data Generation From Wide-Beam SAR Imaging Modes","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-02-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2081591359","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2011.2179518","mag":"2081591359"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2011.2179518","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2011.2179518","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101803048","display_name":"Wei Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0172-0005"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110458","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/01z143507","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Inst. of Electron., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. of Electron., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108670723","display_name":"Yunkai Deng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110458","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/01z143507","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunkai Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Inst. of Electron., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. of Electron., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101488263","display_name":"Fan Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0936-5255"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110458","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/01z143507","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fan Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Inst. of Electron., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. of Electron., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100320038","display_name":"Yue Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0092-7485"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110458","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/01z143507","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Inst. of Electron., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. of Electron., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027982156","display_name":"Guangting Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6102-6812"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110458","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/01z143507","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangting Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Inst. of Electron., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. of Electron., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":22.5056,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98897949,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"4","first_page":"720","last_page":"724"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tops","display_name":"TOPS","score":0.8806444406509399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.7672507762908936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/azimuth","display_name":"Azimuth","score":0.7654070854187012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.751410961151123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raw-data","display_name":"Raw data","score":0.5407538414001465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrain","display_name":"Terrain","score":0.540122389793396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.5291053652763367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.519485592842102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","score":0.46809032559394836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse-synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Inverse synthetic aperture radar","score":0.42812180519104004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam-steering","display_name":"Beam steering","score":0.4244026839733124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-set","display_name":"Data set","score":0.4171801209449768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3703576922416687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3573322892189026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.25341111421585083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.1972675323486328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.13971278071403503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08267331123352051}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777675136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835642","display_name":"TOPS","level":3,"score":0.8806444406509399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.7672507762908936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159737794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124274","display_name":"Azimuth","level":2,"score":0.7654070854187012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.751410961151123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132964779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2110223","display_name":"Raw data","level":2,"score":0.5407538414001465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161840515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131","display_name":"Terrain","level":2,"score":0.540122389793396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.5291053652763367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.519485592842102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.46809032559394836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109094680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6060432","display_name":"Inverse synthetic aperture radar","level":4,"score":0.42812180519104004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143148639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4876192","display_name":"Beam steering","level":3,"score":0.4244026839733124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58489278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172284","display_name":"Data set","level":2,"score":0.4171801209449768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3703576922416687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3573322892189026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.25341111421585083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.1972675323486328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.13971278071403503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08267331123352051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2011.2179518","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2011.2179518","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W357677209","https://openalex.org/W2096003637","https://openalex.org/W2103547669","https://openalex.org/W2116540125","https://openalex.org/W2119321396","https://openalex.org/W2130928328","https://openalex.org/W2135277117","https://openalex.org/W2138038546","https://openalex.org/W2139176447","https://openalex.org/W2141631790","https://openalex.org/W2151030453","https://openalex.org/W2156606791","https://openalex.org/W2161886880","https://openalex.org/W2167354508"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2540450177","https://openalex.org/W2170580735","https://openalex.org/W1552305638","https://openalex.org/W1915418828","https://openalex.org/W2547107543","https://openalex.org/W2031673444","https://openalex.org/W1994788526","https://openalex.org/W2613451563","https://openalex.org/W1966299760","https://openalex.org/W2150075356"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"synthetic":[1],"aperture":[2],"radar":[3],"(SAR)":[4],"raw":[5,73,92,103,125,139,154],"data":[6,74,93,104,126,140,155],"simulator":[7,156],"of":[8,100],"distributed":[9],"target":[10],"scenes":[11],"is":[12,83,118],"an":[13,115],"important":[14],"tool":[15],"for":[16,27],"testing":[17],"the":[18,43,56,62,87,90,101,106,122,133,146,168],"system":[19],"parameters,":[20],"imaging":[21,32,45,81],"algorithms,":[22],"and":[23,47,127,136],"so":[24],"on,":[25],"particularly":[26],"these":[28],"recently":[29],"proposed":[30,169],"novel":[31,70],"modes.":[33],"The":[34],"Terrain":[35],"Observation":[36],"by":[37,53,85,161],"Progressive":[38],"Scans":[39],"(TOPS)":[40],"mode":[41,72,138],"achieves":[42],"wide-swath":[44],"coverage":[46],"overcomes":[48],"major":[49],"drawbacks":[50],"in":[51,145],"ScanSAR":[52],"electronically":[54],"steering":[55],"azimuth":[57,109],"beam":[58,110],"along":[59],"track":[60],"during":[61],"whole":[63],"acquisition":[64],"time.":[65],"In":[66,112],"this":[67,113,163],"letter,":[68],"a":[69,98,152],"TOPS":[71,91,124],"generation":[75],"approach":[76],"from":[77],"conventional":[78,134],"wide-beam":[79],"SAR":[80],"modes":[82],"proposed,":[84],"invoking":[86],"fact":[88],"that":[89],"can":[94,141,157],"be":[95,142,158],"considered":[96],"as":[97],"part":[99],"stripmap/spotlight":[102],"with":[105],"exploited":[107],"wide":[108],"interval.":[111],"approach,":[114],"azimuth-varying":[116],"filter":[117],"introduced":[119],"to":[120,130],"obtain":[121],"desired":[123],"set":[128],"others":[129],"zero.":[131],"Moreover,":[132],"stripmap":[135],"spotlight":[137],"efficiently":[143],"generated":[144],"2-D":[147],"Fourier":[148],"transformed":[149],"domain.":[150],"Therefore,":[151],"fast":[153],"easily":[159],"achieved":[160],"taking":[162],"approach.":[164,171],"Simulation":[165],"results":[166],"validate":[167],"simulation":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
