{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2093161560","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2011.2170952","title":"Improved Ground Subsidence Monitoring Using Small Baseline SAR Interferograms and a Weighted Least Squares Inversion Algorithm","display_name":"Improved Ground Subsidence Monitoring Using Small Baseline SAR Interferograms and a Weighted Least Squares Inversion Algorithm","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2093161560","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2011.2170952","mag":"2093161560"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2011.2170952","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2011.2170952","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041310335","display_name":"Vahid Akbari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9621-8180"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78037679","display_name":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","ror":"https://ror.org/00wge5k78","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78037679"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vahid Akbari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics and Technology, University of Troms\u00f8, Tromso, Norway","Dept. of Phys. & Technol., Univ. of Tromso, Troms\u00f8, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics and Technology, University of Troms\u00f8, Tromso, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78037679"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Phys. & Technol., Univ. of Tromso, Troms\u00f8, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78037679"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084320319","display_name":"Mahdi Motagh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7434-3696"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152878","display_name":"GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04z8jg394","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I4210152878"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahdi Motagh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geodesy and Remote Sensing, Geo Forschungs Zentrum, Potsdam, Germany","Dept. of Geodesy & Remote Sensing, GeoForschungsZentrum, Potsdam, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geodesy and Remote Sensing, Geo Forschungs Zentrum, Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Geodesy & Remote Sensing, GeoForschungsZentrum, Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":40.409,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":44,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99337824,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"3","first_page":"437","last_page":"441"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.9789999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9760000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.7300373315811157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.6487432718276978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6095702052116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.5978748202323914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferometry","display_name":"Interferometry","score":0.582543671131134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferometric-synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar","score":0.5800368189811707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decorrelation","display_name":"Decorrelation","score":0.5005228519439697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inversion","display_name":"Inversion (geology)","score":0.45574048161506653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4506823420524597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subsidence","display_name":"Subsidence","score":0.44118601083755493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-augmentation","display_name":"GNSS augmentation","score":0.4386090636253357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/series","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","score":0.4342307448387146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.29615405201911926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tectonics","display_name":"Tectonics","score":0.2481781542301178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2378292679786682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.22988685965538025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seismology","display_name":"Seismology","score":0.1883983314037323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geomorphology","display_name":"Geomorphology","score":0.15396323800086975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.11860531568527222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10426095128059387}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.7300373315811157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.6487432718276978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6095702052116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.5978748202323914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166689943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850283","display_name":"Interferometry","level":2,"score":0.582543671131134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22286887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666056","display_name":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar","level":3,"score":0.5800368189811707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177860922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788608","display_name":"Decorrelation","level":2,"score":0.5005228519439697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1893757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3653001","display_name":"Inversion (geology)","level":3,"score":0.45574048161506653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4506823420524597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180851071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849953","display_name":"Subsidence","level":3,"score":0.44118601083755493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166212672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165162","display_name":"GNSS augmentation","level":4,"score":0.4386090636253357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143724316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q312468","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.4342307448387146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.29615405201911926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77928131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193343","display_name":"Tectonics","level":2,"score":0.2481781542301178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2378292679786682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.22988685965538025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.1883983314037323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.15396323800086975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.11860531568527222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10426095128059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109007969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749565","display_name":"Structural basin","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2011.2170952","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2011.2170952","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:gfz-potsdam.de:escidoc:244246","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/escidoc:244246","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401313","display_name":"Publication Database GFZ (GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210152878","host_organization_name":"GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"http://purl.org/escidoc/metadata/ves/publication-types/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de:item_244246","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_244246","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401313","display_name":"Publication Database GFZ (GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210152878","host_organization_name":"GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:gfzpublic.gfz.de:item_244246","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://gfzpublic.gfz.de/pubman/item/item_244246","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401313","display_name":"Publication Database GFZ (GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210152878","host_organization_name":"GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.5,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.4399999976158142,"display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318240","display_name":"European Space Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/03wd9za21"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W131065294","https://openalex.org/W2011377877","https://openalex.org/W2024364443","https://openalex.org/W2025494752","https://openalex.org/W2065989874","https://openalex.org/W2134211714","https://openalex.org/W2153457865","https://openalex.org/W4249744610","https://openalex.org/W6605372048"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2045104684","https://openalex.org/W1991497027","https://openalex.org/W2353188126","https://openalex.org/W2542174201","https://openalex.org/W4242918400","https://openalex.org/W3131672414","https://openalex.org/W4285613571","https://openalex.org/W3138360503","https://openalex.org/W2971183605","https://openalex.org/W2157458429"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"present":[1],"the":[2,19,52,70,120,128,139,149],"application":[3],"of":[4,22,39,59,119,141,158,178],"a":[5,66,79,97,111,132],"weighted":[6],"least":[7],"squares":[8],"(WLS)":[9],"method":[10],"based":[11,34],"on":[12,35],"image":[13,44,75],"mode":[14,76],"interferometric":[15],"data":[16,57,105],"to":[17,50,85,115],"monitor":[18],"spatiotemporal":[20],"evolution":[21],"land":[23],"surface":[24],"subsidence":[25,129,147],"in":[26,74],"Mashhad":[27,142,159],"valley,":[28],"northeast":[29,157],"Iran.":[30],"The":[31,123,144,161],"technique":[32,114],"is":[33],"an":[36,174],"appropriate":[37],"combination":[38],"differential":[40,90],"interferograms":[41,91],"produced":[42],"by":[43,69],"pairs":[45],"with":[46,92,167],"small":[47],"orbital":[48],"separation":[49],"limit":[51],"spatial":[53],"decorrelation":[54],"phenomena.":[55],"Our":[56],"consist":[58],"17":[60],"ASAR":[61],"single-look-complex":[62],"images":[63],"acquired":[64],"from":[65,82,103],"descending":[67],"orbit":[68],"European":[71],"ENVISAT":[72],"satellite":[73],"(I2),":[77],"spanning":[78],"time":[80,117],"interval":[81],"June":[83],"2004":[84],"November":[86],"2007.":[87],"Fifty-three":[88],"reliable":[89],"relatively":[93],"little":[94],"noise":[95],"and":[96,107],"continuous":[98,168],"unwrapped":[99],"phase":[100],"are":[101,108],"constructed":[102],"this":[104],"set":[106],"analyzed":[109],"using":[110],"WLS":[112],"adjustment":[113],"produce":[116],"series":[118],"displacement":[121],"field.":[122],"time-series":[124,165],"analysis":[125],"suggests":[126],"that":[127],"occurs":[130],"within":[131],"northwest\u2013southeast":[133],"elongated":[134],"elliptically":[135],"shaped":[136],"bowl":[137],"along":[138],"axis":[140],"valley.":[143],"maximum":[145],"accumulated":[146],"during":[148],"1260-day":[150],"period":[151],"reaches":[152],"approximately":[153],"86":[154],"cm,":[155],"located":[156],"city.":[160],"comparison":[162],"between":[163],"SAR-interferometry":[164],"results":[166],"Global":[169],"Positioning":[170],"System":[171],"measurements":[172],"yields":[173],"estimated":[175],"root-mean-square":[176],"error":[177],"<formula":[179],"formulatype=\"inline\"":[180],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[181],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><tex":[182],"Notation=\"TeX\">$\\sim$</tex></formula>":[183],"1.0":[184],"cm.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
