{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2112176267","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2010.2043788","title":"Comparison of Radar Waveforms for a Low-Power Vertical-Incidence Ionosonde","display_name":"Comparison of Radar Waveforms for a Low-Power Vertical-Incidence Ionosonde","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-04-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2112176267","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2010.2043788","mag":"2112176267"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2010.2043788","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2010.2043788","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101458444","display_name":"Ming Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7946-8655"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","[Sch. of Electron. Inf., Wuhan Univ., Wuhan, China]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Sch. of Electron. Inf., Wuhan Univ., Wuhan, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101795753","display_name":"Zhengyu Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3123-745X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengyu Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","[Sch. of Electron. Inf., Wuhan Univ., Wuhan, China]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Sch. of Electron. Inf., Wuhan Univ., Wuhan, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032622914","display_name":"Gang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6690-4024"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","[Sch. of Electron. Inf., Wuhan Univ., Wuhan, China]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Sch. of Electron. Inf., Wuhan Univ., Wuhan, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063424453","display_name":"Guobin Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0404-9664"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guobin Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","[Sch. of Electron. Inf., Wuhan Univ., Wuhan, China]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Sch. of Electron. Inf., Wuhan Univ., Wuhan, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057977344","display_name":"Fanfan Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4760-6555"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fanfan Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","[Sch. of Electron. Inf., Wuhan Univ., Wuhan, China]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Sch. of Electron. Inf., Wuhan Univ., Wuhan, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100321089","display_name":"Shipeng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5368-4256"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shipeng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","[Sch. of Electron. Inf., Wuhan Univ., Wuhan, China]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Sch. of Electron. Inf., Wuhan Univ., Wuhan, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041501914","display_name":"Xinmiao Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3996-8165"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinmiao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","[Sch. of Electron. Inf., Wuhan Univ., Wuhan, China]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Sch. of Electron. Inf., Wuhan Univ., Wuhan, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":17.2151,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98660008,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"4","first_page":"636","last_page":"640"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ionosonde","display_name":"Ionosonde","score":0.8569207191467285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.7876557111740112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.7027980089187622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depth-sounding","display_name":"Depth sounding","score":0.6712973713874817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-compression","display_name":"Pulse compression","score":0.6169966459274292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-repetition-frequency","display_name":"Pulse repetition frequency","score":0.5949668288230896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ionogram","display_name":"Ionogram","score":0.5748511552810669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.499631404876709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ionosphere","display_name":"Ionosphere","score":0.48128384351730347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.47242629528045654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.42666497826576233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complementary-sequences","display_name":"Complementary sequences","score":0.41084468364715576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chirp","display_name":"Chirp","score":0.41027742624282837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3809995949268341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.33778995275497437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.24523663520812988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2393689751625061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2150052785873413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geophysics","display_name":"Geophysics","score":0.12448859214782715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.09202978014945984}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184850221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3801433","display_name":"Ionosonde","level":4,"score":0.8569207191467285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.7876557111740112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.7027980089187622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55510283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1382947","display_name":"Depth sounding","level":2,"score":0.6712973713874817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145995521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639897","display_name":"Pulse compression","level":3,"score":0.6169966459274292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182862853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575887","display_name":"Pulse repetition frequency","level":3,"score":0.5949668288230896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16269946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3801433","display_name":"Ionogram","level":4,"score":0.5748511552810669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.499631404876709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116403925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162219","display_name":"Ionosphere","level":2,"score":0.48128384351730347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.47242629528045654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.42666497826576233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32795469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156430","display_name":"Complementary sequences","level":2,"score":0.41084468364715576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132794960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27304","display_name":"Chirp","level":3,"score":0.41027742624282837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3809995949268341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.33778995275497437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.24523663520812988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2393689751625061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2150052785873413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.12448859214782715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.09202978014945984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125485243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905186","display_name":"Electron density","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147120987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2225","display_name":"Electron","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lgrs.2010.2043788","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2010.2043788","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126920919","display_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","issn_l":"1545-598X","issn":["1545-598X","1558-0571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W238952894","https://openalex.org/W1590583843","https://openalex.org/W1624529588","https://openalex.org/W1648657433","https://openalex.org/W1866450186","https://openalex.org/W1955022926","https://openalex.org/W1965221285","https://openalex.org/W2050950598","https://openalex.org/W2077021190","https://openalex.org/W2082651272","https://openalex.org/W2093311925","https://openalex.org/W2136323225","https://openalex.org/W2146549934","https://openalex.org/W2156130719","https://openalex.org/W2294688254","https://openalex.org/W3015887294","https://openalex.org/W3089447097","https://openalex.org/W4244753254"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2729043467","https://openalex.org/W2062202308","https://openalex.org/W1541313549","https://openalex.org/W3205825672","https://openalex.org/W3170516869","https://openalex.org/W2092436757","https://openalex.org/W4224281455","https://openalex.org/W2780689716","https://openalex.org/W4225894913","https://openalex.org/W2082543440"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Vertical-incidence":[0],"(VI)":[1],"ionosonde":[2],"is":[3,12],"a":[4],"kind":[5],"of":[6],"high-frequency":[7],"radar.":[8],"The":[9,63],"sounding":[10],"waveform":[11],"an":[13],"important":[14],"characteristic":[15],"for":[16],"measurement":[17],"by":[18],"ionosondes.":[19],"This":[20],"letter":[21],"compares,":[22],"both":[23],"theoretically":[24],"and":[25,58],"practically,":[26],"four":[27,70],"different":[28],"biphase-coded":[29],"pulse":[30],"compression":[31],"radar":[32],"waveforms":[33],"which":[34],"can":[35],"be":[36],"employed":[37],"in":[38],"the":[39,69,72,77],"Wuhan":[40],"Ionosphere":[41],"Comprehensive":[42],"Sounding":[43],"System":[44],"at":[45],"VI":[46],"sounding,":[47],"including":[48],"interpulse-coded":[49,52],"m":[50],"sequence,":[51,54,57],"Wolfman-Goutelard":[53],"intrapulse-coded":[55,59],"Barker":[56],"complementary":[60],"sequence":[61],"pairs.":[62],"experimental":[64],"results":[65],"demonstrate":[66],"that":[67],"among":[68],"waveforms,":[71],"intraphase-coded":[73],"complementary-sequence":[74],"pairs":[75],"have":[76],"best":[78],"performance.":[79]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}