{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2760045434","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/les.2017.2758200","title":"Validity of Software Verification Results on Approximate Hardware","display_name":"Validity of Software Verification Results on Approximate Hardware","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-09-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2760045434","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/les.2017.2758200","mag":"2760045434"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/les.2017.2758200","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/les.2017.2758200","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S22443479","display_name":"IEEE Embedded Systems Letters","issn_l":"1943-0663","issn":["1943-0663","1943-0671"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Embedded Systems Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012128738","display_name":"Tobias Isenberg","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206945453","display_name":"Paderborn University","ror":"https://ror.org/058kzsd48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tobias Isenberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Paderborn, Paderborn, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Paderborn, Paderborn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062004374","display_name":"Marie-Christine Jakobs","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5890-4673"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206945453","display_name":"Paderborn University","ror":"https://ror.org/058kzsd48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marie-Christine Jakobs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Paderborn, Paderborn, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Paderborn, Paderborn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001604585","display_name":"Felix Pauck","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9237-2319"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206945453","display_name":"Paderborn University","ror":"https://ror.org/058kzsd48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Felix Pauck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Paderborn, Paderborn, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Paderborn, Paderborn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046915601","display_name":"Heike Wehrheim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2385-7512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206945453","display_name":"Paderborn University","ror":"https://ror.org/058kzsd48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heike Wehrheim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Paderborn, Paderborn, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Paderborn, Paderborn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012128738"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5734,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69969364,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"1","first_page":"22","last_page":"25"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8587651252746582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-level-verification","display_name":"High-level verification","score":0.587708592414856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5806457996368408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-verification","display_name":"Intelligent verification","score":0.5558953285217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adder","display_name":"Adder","score":0.547771692276001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.5466279983520508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-verification","display_name":"Software verification","score":0.5262778401374817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-verification","display_name":"Functional verification","score":0.5240376591682434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carry","display_name":"Carry (investment)","score":0.5112514495849609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.49563682079315186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.4295651316642761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-verification","display_name":"Formal verification","score":0.38682928681373596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3646388053894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.22457566857337952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.21277689933776855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.20201992988586426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.20102718472480774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-construction","display_name":"Software construction","score":0.16167643666267395}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8587651252746582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187250869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5754573","display_name":"High-level verification","level":5,"score":0.587708592414856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5806457996368408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3406870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6044160","display_name":"Intelligent verification","level":5,"score":0.5558953285217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164620267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376953","display_name":"Adder","level":3,"score":0.547771692276001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.5466279983520508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33054407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6504747","display_name":"Software verification","level":5,"score":0.5262778401374817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62460635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5508853","display_name":"Functional verification","level":3,"score":0.5240376591682434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776299755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432449","display_name":"Carry (investment)","level":2,"score":0.5112514495849609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.49563682079315186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.4295651316642761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111498074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173326","display_name":"Formal verification","level":2,"score":0.38682928681373596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3646388053894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.22457566857337952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.21277689933776855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.20201992988586426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.20102718472480774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186846655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398377","display_name":"Software construction","level":4,"score":0.16167643666267395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/les.2017.2758200","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/les.2017.2758200","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S22443479","display_name":"IEEE Embedded Systems Letters","issn_l":"1943-0663","issn":["1943-0663","1943-0671"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Embedded Systems Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8100000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8026673714","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SFB 901","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W577336618","https://openalex.org/W1497571013","https://openalex.org/W1579004116","https://openalex.org/W1988290377","https://openalex.org/W2020217519","https://openalex.org/W2035378788","https://openalex.org/W2043100293","https://openalex.org/W2045292011","https://openalex.org/W2045294186","https://openalex.org/W2076536455","https://openalex.org/W2105544671","https://openalex.org/W2124909257","https://openalex.org/W2129394555","https://openalex.org/W2142096775","https://openalex.org/W2143283746","https://openalex.org/W2146864687","https://openalex.org/W2155458498","https://openalex.org/W2159595840","https://openalex.org/W2161253570","https://openalex.org/W2343161245","https://openalex.org/W2467947344","https://openalex.org/W2945236929","https://openalex.org/W3147234326","https://openalex.org/W4232668957","https://openalex.org/W4234974086","https://openalex.org/W4240237526","https://openalex.org/W4294023989","https://openalex.org/W6634717524","https://openalex.org/W6647363498","https://openalex.org/W6683303659","https://openalex.org/W6704166721"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3120172095","https://openalex.org/W3036403349","https://openalex.org/W2118572231","https://openalex.org/W1563456403","https://openalex.org/W1542124114","https://openalex.org/W2108860137","https://openalex.org/W2162615969","https://openalex.org/W1968510839","https://openalex.org/W2138343703","https://openalex.org/W2013077575"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Approximate":[0],"computing":[1],"(AC)":[2],"is":[3,15,70],"an":[4],"emerging":[5],"paradigm":[6],"for":[7,20,37,61,72,83],"energy-efficient":[8],"computation.":[9],"The":[10],"basic":[11],"idea":[12],"of":[13,96,159],"AC":[14,84,102],"to":[16,26,44,107,110,121,137],"sacrifice":[17],"high":[18],"precision":[19],"low":[21],"energy":[22],"by":[23,100],"allowing":[24],"hardware":[25,85,142],"carry":[27,108],"out":[28],"\u201capproximately":[29],"correct\u201d":[30],"calculations.":[31],"This":[32],"provides":[33],"a":[34,58,66,94,157],"major":[35],"challenge":[36],"software":[38,67],"quality":[39],"assurance:":[40],"programs":[41,155],"successfully":[42],"verified":[43],"be":[45,48],"correct":[46],"might":[47],"erroneous":[49],"on":[50,141,152],"approximate":[51,73,162],"hardware.":[52,74],"In":[53],"this":[54,76],"letter,":[55],"we":[56,78,92,116],"present":[57],"novel":[59],"approach":[60],"determining":[62],"under":[63],"what":[64],"conditions":[65],"verification":[68,88,105,125,131],"result":[69,106],"valid":[71],"To":[75],"end,":[77],"compute":[79],"the":[80,101,104,113],"allowed":[81],"tolerances":[82,123],"from":[86,124],"successful":[87],"runs.":[89],"More":[90],"precisely,":[91],"derive":[93],"set":[95],"constraints":[97,140],"which-when":[98],"met":[99],"hardware-guarantees":[103],"over":[109],"AC.":[111],"On":[112],"practical":[114],"side,":[115],"furthermore:":[117],"1)":[118],"show":[119,135],"how":[120,136],"extract":[122],"runs":[126],"employing":[127],"predicate":[128],"abstraction":[129],"as":[130],"technology":[132],"and":[133,149,156],"2)":[134],"check":[138],"such":[139],"designs.":[143],"We":[144],"have":[145],"implemented":[146],"all":[147],"techniques,":[148],"exemplify":[150],"them":[151],"example":[153],"C":[154],"number":[158],"recently":[160],"proposed":[161],"adders.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}