{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2091590826","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/les.2014.2301692","title":"Runtime Adaptation of Applications Using Design Of Experiments: A Smartphone-Based Case Study","display_name":"Runtime Adaptation of Applications Using Design Of Experiments: A Smartphone-Based Case Study","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2091590826","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/les.2014.2301692","mag":"2091590826"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/les.2014.2301692","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/les.2014.2301692","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S22443479","display_name":"IEEE Embedded Systems Letters","issn_l":"1943-0663","issn":["1943-0663","1943-0671"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Embedded Systems Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://escholarship.org/content/qt27z7w2bf/qt27z7w2bf.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042647203","display_name":"Frank Maker","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank Maker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA","Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028759035","display_name":"Rajeevan Amirtharajah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4727-9363"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajeevan Amirtharajah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA","Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089377852","display_name":"Venkatesh Akella","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3014-5326"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Venkatesh Akella","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA","Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.13182516,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"2","first_page":"25","last_page":"28"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.9319000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10803","display_name":"Innovative Human-Technology Interaction","score":0.9043999910354614,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8842216730117798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.6814471483230591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.6340336203575134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.5538347363471985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.5424251556396484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-software","display_name":"Embedded software","score":0.5053215622901917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.45892882347106934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-consumption","display_name":"Power consumption","score":0.44272780418395996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.43378493189811707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.41846275329589844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.4117085337638855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.2290966510772705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8842216730117798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.6814471483230591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.6340336203575134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.5538347363471985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.5424251556396484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154488198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335007","display_name":"Embedded software","level":3,"score":0.5053215622901917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.45892882347106934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.44272780418395996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.43378493189811707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.41846275329589844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4117085337638855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.2290966510772705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/les.2014.2301692","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/les.2014.2301692","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S22443479","display_name":"IEEE Embedded Systems Letters","issn_l":"1943-0663","issn":["1943-0663","1943-0671"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Embedded Systems Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt27z7w2bf","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/27z7w2bf","pdf_url":"https://escholarship.org/content/qt27z7w2bf/qt27z7w2bf.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Embedded Systems Letters, vol 6, iss 2","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.570.8708","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.570.8708","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ece.ucdavis.edu/~ramirtha/recentPubs/makerSmartphoneReuse2014.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt27z7w2bf","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/27z7w2bf","pdf_url":"https://escholarship.org/content/qt27z7w2bf/qt27z7w2bf.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Embedded Systems Letters, vol 6, iss 2","raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8700000047683716,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307798","display_name":"Nokia","ror":"https://ror.org/04pkc8m17"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2091590826.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2091590826.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1540603422","https://openalex.org/W2011134407","https://openalex.org/W2039781386","https://openalex.org/W2049409009","https://openalex.org/W2064060458","https://openalex.org/W2136334324","https://openalex.org/W2145620921","https://openalex.org/W2165595596","https://openalex.org/W2174458738","https://openalex.org/W2237874115","https://openalex.org/W2554125638","https://openalex.org/W4254797483"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2997567050","https://openalex.org/W3034529322","https://openalex.org/W2115913271","https://openalex.org/W4293061881","https://openalex.org/W2160834655","https://openalex.org/W2357856060","https://openalex.org/W2535718018","https://openalex.org/W2363375074","https://openalex.org/W2010912408","https://openalex.org/W2103995555"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,47,97],"consider":[1],"the":[2,31,60],"problem":[3],"of":[4,34,53,65,69],"adapting":[5],"embedded":[6],"software":[7,66,83],"to":[8,15,57,84,91],"heterogeneous":[9],"devices":[10],"where":[11],"it":[12],"is":[13,78],"impractical":[14],"obtain":[16],"a":[17,41,49,71,102,107,112],"system-level":[18,72],"power":[19,36,61,73],"model":[20,74],"for":[21],"each":[22],"target":[23],"platform":[24],"and":[25,81],"operating":[26],"environment.":[27],"Our":[28],"solution":[29],"leverages":[30],"emerging":[32],"capability":[33],"measuring":[35],"consumption":[37,62],"at":[38,89],"run-time":[39,90],"using":[40,101],"built-in":[42],"battery":[43],"monitoring":[44],"unit":[45],"(BMU).":[46],"use":[48],"statistically":[50],"rigorous":[51],"design":[52],"experiments":[54],"(DoE)":[55],"methodology":[56],"efficiently":[58],"characterize":[59],"configuration":[63],"space":[64],"online":[67],"instead":[68],"constructing":[70],"offline.":[75],"This":[76],"approach":[77,100],"simple,":[79],"low-cost,":[80],"permits":[82],"dynamically":[85],"select":[86],"suitable":[87],"parameters":[88],"satisfy":[92],"energy":[93],"or":[94],"performance":[95],"constraints.":[96],"illustrate":[98],"this":[99],"camera":[103],"trap":[104],"application":[105],"as":[106],"case":[108],"study":[109],"deployed":[110],"on":[111],"Nokia":[113],"N80":[114],"smartphone.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
