{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7169855481","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2026.3715556","title":"pacSTL: PAC-Bounded Signal Temporal Logic From Data-Driven Reachability Analysis","display_name":"pacSTL: PAC-Bounded Signal Temporal Logic From Data-Driven Reachability Analysis","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7169855481","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2026.3715556"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcsys.2026.3715556","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2026.3715556","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306422535","display_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","issn_l":"2475-1456","issn":["2475-1456"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.00934","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065905965","display_name":"Hanna Krasowski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6730-3802"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanna Krasowski","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6730-3802","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5141312240","display_name":"Elizabeth Dietrich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9427-0932"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elizabeth Dietrich","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9427-0932","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053367197","display_name":"Emir Cem Gezer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6223-9805"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emir Cem Gezer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Norwegian University of Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6223-9805","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078742397","display_name":"Roger Skjetne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9289-1450"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roger Skjetne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Norwegian University of Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9289-1450","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035029254","display_name":"Asgeir J. S\u00f8rensen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7078-0298"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asgeir Johan Sorensen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Norwegian University of Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7078-0298","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025743742","display_name":"Murat Arcak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9060-4032"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Murat Arcak","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9060-4032","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80503581,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"2191","last_page":"2196"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.554099977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.554099977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.051100000739097595,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.047600001096725464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reachability","display_name":"Reachability","score":0.5400999784469604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temporal-logic","display_name":"Temporal logic","score":0.4887000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.4065999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interval-temporal-logic","display_name":"Interval temporal logic","score":0.3418000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.3057999908924103}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6261000037193298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136643341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361526","display_name":"Reachability","level":2,"score":0.5400999784469604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25016198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q781833","display_name":"Temporal logic","level":2,"score":0.4887000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4796000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4065999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162670838","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6057295","display_name":"Interval temporal logic","level":3,"score":0.3418000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3122999966144562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.3057999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198008173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1040040","display_name":"Computation tree logic","level":3,"score":0.2935999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.28949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2827000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.2648000121116638}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcsys.2026.3715556","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2026.3715556","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306422535","display_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","issn_l":"2475-1456","issn":["2475-1456"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2511.00934","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.00934","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.00934","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2511.00934","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.00934","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.00934","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.5500386953353882}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7169855481.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7169855481.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Signal":[0],"Temporal":[1],"Logic":[2],"(STL)":[3],"is":[4,23],"an":[5,81],"expressive":[6],"language":[7],"for":[8],"specifying":[9],"behaviors":[10],"of":[11,20,53,84,131],"dynamical":[12],"systems":[13],"from":[14,31],"continuous":[15],"signals.":[16],"However,":[17],"a":[18,69,117,135,142],"limitation":[19,39],"standard":[21],"STL":[22],"its":[24],"inherently":[25],"deterministic":[26],"semantics,":[27],"which":[28],"prevents":[29],"it":[30],"accommodating":[32],"uncertainty.":[33],"Existing":[34],"approaches":[35],"to":[36],"overcome":[37],"this":[38],"are":[40],"computationally":[41],"costly":[42],"and":[43,89,104,129,139],"limit":[44],"real-time":[45],"capability,":[46],"requiring":[47],"repeated":[48],"trajectory":[49],"sampling":[50],"or":[51,63],"redesign":[52],"probability":[54],"distributions":[55],"over":[56,100],"atomic":[57,61,93],"propositions":[58,62],"whenever":[59],"the":[60,106,109,122,127],"specifications":[64],"change.":[65],"We":[66,125],"introduce":[67],"pacSTL,":[68],"framework":[70],"that":[71],"combines":[72],"Probably":[73],"Approximately":[74],"Correct":[75],"(PAC)-bounded":[76],"reachable":[77,102],"set":[78],"predictions":[79],"with":[80],"interval":[82,120],"extension":[83],"STL.":[85],"pacSTL":[86,132],"computes":[87],"lower":[88],"upper":[90],"bounds":[91,107],"on":[92],"robustness":[94,119],"values":[95],"by":[96,133],"solving":[97],"optimization":[98],"problems":[99],"PAC-bounded":[101,118],"sets":[103],"propagates":[105],"through":[108],"temporal":[110],"logic":[111],"operators.":[112],"The":[113],"resulting":[114],"evaluation":[115],"yields":[116],"at":[121],"specification":[123],"level.":[124],"demonstrate":[126],"efficiency":[128],"relevance":[130],"verifying":[134],"quadrotor":[136],"flight":[137],"scenario":[138],"runtime":[140],"monitoring":[141],"maritime":[143],"navigation":[144],"encounter.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-18T07:49:30.821534","created_date":"2026-07-22T00:00:00"}