{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7115908013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2025.3645825","title":"A Small-Gain Look at Cyber-Physical Security","display_name":"A Small-Gain Look at Cyber-Physical Security","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7115908013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2025.3645825"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcsys.2025.3645825","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2025.3645825","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306422535","display_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","issn_l":"2475-1456","issn":["2475-1456"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sayan Chakraborty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8638-4652"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sayan Chakraborty","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAN Lab, New York University, Brooklyn, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8638-4652","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAN Lab, New York University, Brooklyn, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zhong-Ping Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4868-9359"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhong-Ping Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAN Lab, New York University, Brooklyn, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4868-9359","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAN Lab, New York University, Brooklyn, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.51818813,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"3035","last_page":"3040"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9821000099182129,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9821000099182129,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11807","display_name":"Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis","score":0.006500000134110451,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","score":0.7358999848365784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.48069998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.44190001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-dynamics","display_name":"System dynamics","score":0.34279999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimal-control","display_name":"Optimal control","score":0.3325999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term","display_name":"Term (time)","score":0.31850001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-system","display_name":"Information system","score":0.31310001015663147}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.7358999848365784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6276999711990356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.48069998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.4659000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4650000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.44190001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77405623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q598451","display_name":"System dynamics","level":2,"score":0.34279999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91575142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1971426","display_name":"Optimal control","level":2,"score":0.3325999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.31850001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180198813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121182","display_name":"Information system","level":2,"score":0.31310001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3084999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.29010000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113336015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574010","display_name":"Complete information","level":2,"score":0.2842000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.2824000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527648132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189900","display_name":"Information security","level":2,"score":0.27720001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137176749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4105337","display_name":"Psychological resilience","level":2,"score":0.27639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47822265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854457","display_name":"Complex system","level":2,"score":0.2572999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2565999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167063184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1400839","display_name":"Vulnerability assessment","level":3,"score":0.2515999972820282}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcsys.2025.3645825","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2025.3645825","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306422535","display_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","issn_l":"2475-1456","issn":["2475-1456"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action","score":0.4768717586994171}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G146379058","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EPCN-2210320","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4335372168","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-2148309","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G969294505","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CPS-2227153","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2011866373","https://openalex.org/W2038137192","https://openalex.org/W2068740779","https://openalex.org/W2069038223","https://openalex.org/W2148439597","https://openalex.org/W2152161277","https://openalex.org/W2170973929","https://openalex.org/W2294340956","https://openalex.org/W2767307332","https://openalex.org/W2896663787","https://openalex.org/W2916555858","https://openalex.org/W2979207987","https://openalex.org/W3011010517","https://openalex.org/W3102740879","https://openalex.org/W3111531580","https://openalex.org/W4280490104","https://openalex.org/W4312368000","https://openalex.org/W4319988725","https://openalex.org/W4389952329","https://openalex.org/W4394841767","https://openalex.org/W4401326291","https://openalex.org/W4407574654","https://openalex.org/W4407950615","https://openalex.org/W7115169697"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"studies":[2],"the":[3,21,27,34,67,79,82],"resilience":[4,51],"of":[5,81],"cyber-physical":[6],"systems":[7,46],"under":[8],"denial-of-service":[9],"attacks.":[10],"We":[11],"develop":[12],"a":[13,72],"novel":[14],"framework":[15],"for":[16,23],"resilient":[17],"control":[18],"that":[19],"avoids":[20],"need":[22],"detailed":[24],"information":[25],"about":[26],"system":[28],"or":[29],"attacker":[30],"dynamics":[31],"by":[32],"treating":[33],"plant\u2013attacker":[35],"interaction":[36],"as":[37],"an":[38,59],"interconnected":[39],"system.":[40],"Using":[41],"small-gain":[42,69],"analysis":[43],"and":[44,53],"switching":[45],"theory,":[47],"we":[48],"derive":[49],"explicit":[50],"conditions,":[52],"employ":[54],"reinforcement":[55],"learning":[56],"to":[57],"synthesize":[58],"optimal":[60],"policy":[61],"directly":[62],"from":[63],"input\u2013state":[64],"data,":[65],"estimating":[66],"required":[68],"bounds":[70],"in":[71],"data-driven":[73],"manner.":[74],"A":[75],"numerical":[76],"example":[77],"illustrates":[78],"effectiveness":[80],"proposed":[83],"approach.":[84]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-01-08T20:05:33.558190","created_date":"2025-12-19T00:00:00"}