{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413847033","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2025.3604015","title":"Least Squares Realization of Complex-Valued Multiple-Output Autonomous LTI Systems via the Riemannian Singular Value Decomposition<sup>*</sup>","display_name":"Least Squares Realization of Complex-Valued Multiple-Output Autonomous LTI Systems via the Riemannian Singular Value Decomposition<sup>*</sup>","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413847033","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2025.3604015"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcsys.2025.3604015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2025.3604015","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306422535","display_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","issn_l":"2475-1456","issn":["2475-1456"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2025.3604015","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119484465","display_name":"Sem Viroux","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0537-7806"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sem Viroux","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Dynamical Systems, Signal Processing, and Data Analytics (STADIUS) and the Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","Dept. of Electrical Engineering ESAT, Center for Dynamical Systems, Signal Processing, and Data Analytics STADIUS, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0537-7806","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Dynamical Systems, Signal Processing, and Data Analytics (STADIUS) and the Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical Engineering ESAT, Center for Dynamical Systems, Signal Processing, and Data Analytics STADIUS, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091947227","display_name":"Sibren Lagauw","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8130-1873"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sibren Lagauw","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Dynamical Systems, Signal Processing, and Data Analytics (STADIUS) and the Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","Dept. of Electrical Engineering ESAT, Center for Dynamical Systems, Signal Processing, and Data Analytics STADIUS, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8130-1873","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Dynamical Systems, Signal Processing, and Data Analytics (STADIUS) and the Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical Engineering ESAT, Center for Dynamical Systems, Signal Processing, and Data Analytics STADIUS, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018814006","display_name":"Bart De Moor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1154-5028"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bart De Moor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Dynamical Systems, Signal Processing, and Data Analytics (STADIUS) and the Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","Dept. of Electrical Engineering ESAT, Center for Dynamical Systems, Signal Processing, and Data Analytics STADIUS, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1154-5028","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Dynamical Systems, Signal Processing, and Data Analytics (STADIUS) and the Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical Engineering ESAT, Center for Dynamical Systems, Signal Processing, and Data Analytics STADIUS, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5119484465"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.23072002,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"2181","last_page":"2186"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10792","display_name":"Matrix Theory and Algorithms","score":0.9236000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10792","display_name":"Matrix Theory and Algorithms","score":0.9236000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/realization","display_name":"Realization (probability)","score":0.7560949325561523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/singular-value-decomposition","display_name":"Singular value decomposition","score":0.6653472781181335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.6135183572769165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decomposition","display_name":"Decomposition","score":0.5332253575325012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","score":0.5040892362594604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/least-squares-function-approximation","display_name":"Least-squares function approximation","score":0.4824827015399933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/singular-value","display_name":"Singular value","score":0.4264603853225708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.34599319100379944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.33424580097198486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pure-mathematics","display_name":"Pure mathematics","score":0.33188945055007935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.18794235587120056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.18554764986038208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.16374215483665466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.10487934947013855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.09778046607971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eigenvalues-and-eigenvectors","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","score":0.09589800238609314}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781089630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21856745","display_name":"Realization (probability)","level":2,"score":0.7560949325561523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22789450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420904","display_name":"Singular value decomposition","level":2,"score":0.6653472781181335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.6135183572769165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124681953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339062","display_name":"Decomposition","level":2,"score":0.5332253575325012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5040892362594604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9936470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6510405","display_name":"Least-squares function approximation","level":3,"score":0.4824827015399933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109282560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4166054","display_name":"Singular value","level":3,"score":0.4264603853225708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.34599319100379944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.33424580097198486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.33188945055007935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18794235587120056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.18554764986038208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.16374215483665466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.10487934947013855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.09778046607971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158693339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190524","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","level":2,"score":0.09589800238609314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcsys.2025.3604015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2025.3604015","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306422535","display_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","issn_l":"2475-1456","issn":["2475-1456"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:20.500.12942/772913","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/20.500.12942/772913","pdf_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/retrieve/916cb63e-7f5b-4ccf-aa84-d67d9b204c2c","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055369","display_name":"Lirias","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ieee Control Systems Magazine, vol. 9, (2181-2186)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcsys.2025.3604015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2025.3604015","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306422535","display_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","issn_l":"2475-1456","issn":["2475-1456"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2115076930","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"885682","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4869584417","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"iBOF/23/064","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322308","funder_display_name":"KU Leuven"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5877544403","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"885682","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","funder_display_name":"European Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G670389333","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"iBOF/23/064","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321730","funder_display_name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321730","display_name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","ror":"https://ror.org/03qtxy027"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322308","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327336","display_name":"Vlaamse regering","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","display_name":"European Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0472cxd90"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W110239207","https://openalex.org/W2031480341","https://openalex.org/W2040012448","https://openalex.org/W2084924291","https://openalex.org/W2095692981","https://openalex.org/W2114449024","https://openalex.org/W2128131274","https://openalex.org/W2148723353","https://openalex.org/W2162517108","https://openalex.org/W3033138403","https://openalex.org/W3110348889","https://openalex.org/W4211251910","https://openalex.org/W4252099851","https://openalex.org/W4289654500","https://openalex.org/W4396753559"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4319586039","https://openalex.org/W4382583540","https://openalex.org/W2010100052","https://openalex.org/W2148568324","https://openalex.org/W1990844505","https://openalex.org/W1607100495","https://openalex.org/W4378770618","https://openalex.org/W4386721910","https://openalex.org/W2038393145","https://openalex.org/W2059545631"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,31,67,88],"present":[1],"a":[2,47,60,100,107],"generalization":[3],"of":[4,8,59,109],"least":[5,50],"squares":[6,51],"realization":[7,44],"multiple-output":[9],"linear":[10],"time-invariant":[11],"models":[12],"to":[13,36,79],"the":[14,33,43,57,76,81],"complex":[15,39,82],"domain,":[16],"thereby":[17],"enabling":[18],"broader":[19],"applicability":[20],"in":[21,99],"areas":[22],"such":[23],"as":[24,46],"signal":[25],"processing,":[26],"control,":[27],"and":[28,41,95,106],"system":[29],"identification.":[30],"discuss":[32],"challenges":[34],"inherent":[35],"optimization":[37],"over":[38,75],"variables":[40],"formulate":[42],"problem":[45,105],"structured":[48],"total":[49],"problem.":[52,112],"A":[53],"key":[54],"contribution":[55],"is":[56],"derivation":[58],"complex-valued":[61],"nonlinear":[62,83],"generalized":[63,84],"singular":[64,85],"value":[65,86],"decomposition.":[66,87],"adapt":[68],"an":[69],"existing":[70],"heuristic":[71],"algorithm":[72],"that":[73],"works":[74],"real":[77],"domain":[78],"solve":[80],"validate":[89],"our":[90],"framework":[91],"through":[92],"illustrative":[93],"examples":[94],"demonstrate":[96],"its":[97],"use":[98],"nuclear":[101],"magnetic":[102],"resonance":[103],"modeling":[104],"direction":[108],"arrival":[110],"estimation":[111]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-04T08:30:34.212998","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}