{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405599392","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2024.3520415","title":"Combined Design and Control Optimization for a Series Hybrid Electric Vehicle With an Opposed Piston Engine","display_name":"Combined Design and Control Optimization for a Series Hybrid Electric Vehicle With an Opposed Piston Engine","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405599392","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2024.3520415"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcsys.2024.3520415","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2024.3520415","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306422535","display_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","issn_l":"2475-1456","issn":["2475-1456"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044325248","display_name":"Meridian Haas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8180-9132"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meridian Haas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA","Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8180-9132","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036006804","display_name":"Joseph Drallmeier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7162-592X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290463931","display_name":"Southwest Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03tghng59","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290463931"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Drallmeier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Powertrain Engineering Division, Southwest Research Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7162-592X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Powertrain Engineering Division, Southwest Research Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290463931"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103424322","display_name":"Robert Middleton","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Middleton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038959591","display_name":"Jason B. Siegel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2824-013X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason B. Siegel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2824-013X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083627093","display_name":"Shima Nazari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1775-4664"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shima Nazari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA","Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1775-4664","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.24067369,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"2973","last_page":"2978"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10117","display_name":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1507","display_name":"Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12095","display_name":"Vehicle emissions and performance","score":0.9890999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/piston","display_name":"Piston (optics)","score":0.6921293139457703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/series","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","score":0.683568000793457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.5908128619194031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.4635635316371918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-vehicle","display_name":"Electric vehicle","score":0.4365842938423157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3889341652393341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.32064616680145264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1020423173904419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07749363780021667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.06500229239463806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.05725434422492981}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199524791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7198512","display_name":"Piston (optics)","level":3,"score":0.6921293139457703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143724316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q312468","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.683568000793457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.5908128619194031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.4635635316371918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776422217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13629441","display_name":"Electric vehicle","level":3,"score":0.4365842938423157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3889341652393341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.32064616680145264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1020423173904419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07749363780021667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.06500229239463806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.05725434422492981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165699331","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461533","display_name":"Wavefront","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcsys.2024.3520415","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2024.3520415","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306422535","display_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","issn_l":"2475-1456","issn":["2475-1456"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7799999713897705}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966795716","https://openalex.org/W2053219134","https://openalex.org/W2053462060","https://openalex.org/W2056771855","https://openalex.org/W2057679339","https://openalex.org/W2121035759","https://openalex.org/W2123871098","https://openalex.org/W2130527887","https://openalex.org/W2159580057","https://openalex.org/W2169251508","https://openalex.org/W2175402941","https://openalex.org/W2327468415","https://openalex.org/W2330761921","https://openalex.org/W2734772970","https://openalex.org/W2787904801","https://openalex.org/W3135103269","https://openalex.org/W3154212278","https://openalex.org/W4229515943","https://openalex.org/W4296474728","https://openalex.org/W4318318123","https://openalex.org/W4387737673","https://openalex.org/W4394617547"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4242147045","https://openalex.org/W1919101720","https://openalex.org/W2378914081","https://openalex.org/W1995871432","https://openalex.org/W2571827127","https://openalex.org/W3125878227","https://openalex.org/W4385671734","https://openalex.org/W2120892143","https://openalex.org/W2162365590","https://openalex.org/W3014204036"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hybrid":[0],"electric":[1],"vehicles":[2],"(HEV)":[3],"enable":[4],"reduction":[5],"of":[6,17,40,68],"emissions":[7],"without":[8],"sacrificing":[9],"consumer":[10],"expected":[11],"range":[12],"and":[13,30,74,88,117,142],"drivability.":[14],"The":[15,36,126],"diversification":[16],"the":[18,26,46,60,81,85,123,138],"powertrain":[19,61,87,95],"with":[20,84,97],"multiple":[21],"power":[22,140,150],"sources":[23],"allows":[24,129],"downsizing":[25],"internal":[27],"combustion":[28],"engine":[29,102,116,134],"implementing":[31],"optimal":[32,86,127],"energy":[33,82],"management":[34,83],"strategies.":[35],"interaction":[37],"among":[38],"components":[39],"an":[41,98,114],"HEV":[42],"are":[43],"key":[44],"to":[45,147],"overall":[47],"efficiency.":[48],"Therefore,":[49],"efficiency":[50],"potential":[51],"is":[52,57],"lost":[53],"if":[54],"this":[55],"interdependence":[56],"neglected":[58],"during":[59],"design":[62],"by":[63,79],"focusing":[64],"on":[65],"individual":[66],"optimization":[67],"component":[69,90],"specifications.":[70],"This":[71],"letter":[72],"formulates":[73],"solves":[75],"a":[76,93,104,111,131,143],"co-design":[77,124],"problem":[78],"integrating":[80],"drivetrain":[89],"sizing":[91],"for":[92,113,130,137],"hybrid":[94],"equipped":[96],"opposed":[99],"piston":[100],"(OP)":[101],"in":[103],"series":[105],"architecture.":[106],"Our":[107],"novel":[108],"approach":[109],"develops":[110],"model":[112],"OP":[115],"integrates":[118],"battery":[119,146],"capacity":[120],"degradation":[121],"into":[122],"problem.":[125],"solution":[128],"minimally":[132],"sized":[133],"that":[135],"accounts":[136],"average":[139],"requirements,":[141],"large":[144],"enough":[145],"provide":[148],"fast":[149],"dynamics.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}