{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4381894771","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2023.3289154","title":"Zeroth-Order Non-Convex Optimization for Cooperative Multi-Agent Systems with Diminishing Step Size and Smoothing Radius","display_name":"Zeroth-Order Non-Convex Optimization for Cooperative Multi-Agent Systems with Diminishing Step Size and Smoothing Radius","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4381894771","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2023.3289154"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcsys.2023.3289154","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2023.3289154","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306422535","display_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","issn_l":"2475-1456","issn":["2475-1456"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2401.03998","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004684778","display_name":"Xinran Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0595-2284"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xinran Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, San Diego, California"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0595-2284","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, San Diego, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059310658","display_name":"Tara Javidi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7112-1043"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tara Javidi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, San Diego, California"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7112-1043","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, San Diego, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036105299","display_name":"Behrouz Touri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4724-7329"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Behrouz Touri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, San Diego, California"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4724-7329","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, San Diego, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004684778"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3935,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60260835,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10249","display_name":"Distributed Control Multi-Agent Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10249","display_name":"Distributed Control Multi-Agent Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11612","display_name":"Stochastic Gradient Optimization Techniques","score":0.9857000112533569,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10482","display_name":"Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models","score":0.9804999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothing","display_name":"Smoothing","score":0.8147916793823242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothness","display_name":"Smoothness","score":0.7441584467887878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.617560625076294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.5503286719322205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stationary-point","display_name":"Stationary point","score":0.49640971422195435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convex-function","display_name":"Convex function","score":0.48705485463142395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maxima-and-minima","display_name":"Maxima and minima","score":0.4825727045536041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.44967323541641235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gradient-descent","display_name":"Gradient descent","score":0.4473433494567871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rate-of-convergence","display_name":"Rate of convergence","score":0.4317844808101654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4098570644855499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regular-polygon","display_name":"Regular polygon","score":0.39482492208480835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.34574419260025024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.10833564400672913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.1037435531616211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.08195477724075317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.07934236526489258}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3770464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775963","display_name":"Smoothing","level":2,"score":0.8147916793823242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102634674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868473","display_name":"Smoothness","level":2,"score":0.7441584467887878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.617560625076294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.5503286719322205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189237950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2500758","display_name":"Stationary point","level":2,"score":0.49640971422195435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145446738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q319913","display_name":"Convex function","level":3,"score":0.48705485463142395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186633575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845060","display_name":"Maxima and minima","level":2,"score":0.4825727045536041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.44967323541641235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153258448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1199743","display_name":"Gradient descent","level":3,"score":0.4473433494567871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57869625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783502","display_name":"Rate of convergence","level":3,"score":0.4317844808101654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4098570644855499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112680207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q714886","display_name":"Regular polygon","level":2,"score":0.39482492208480835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.34574419260025024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.10833564400672913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.1037435531616211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.08195477724075317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.07934236526489258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcsys.2023.3289154","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2023.3289154","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306422535","display_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","issn_l":"2475-1456","issn":["2475-1456"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2401.03998","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2401.03998","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2401.03998","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2401.03998","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2401.03998","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2401.03998","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4381894771.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4381894771.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1571416372","https://openalex.org/W1582706191","https://openalex.org/W2004001705","https://openalex.org/W2009797711","https://openalex.org/W2044212084","https://openalex.org/W2071848902","https://openalex.org/W2149479912","https://openalex.org/W2157394646","https://openalex.org/W2763081248","https://openalex.org/W2797135730","https://openalex.org/W2904304778","https://openalex.org/W2951896791","https://openalex.org/W2964026281","https://openalex.org/W2964137440","https://openalex.org/W3083021344","https://openalex.org/W3119707154","https://openalex.org/W3170805044","https://openalex.org/W3202115208","https://openalex.org/W4206454995","https://openalex.org/W4211192810","https://openalex.org/W4250013967","https://openalex.org/W4252112222","https://openalex.org/W4286693825","https://openalex.org/W4289438456","https://openalex.org/W4300453772","https://openalex.org/W4310238750","https://openalex.org/W4315472300","https://openalex.org/W4381616740","https://openalex.org/W6651597697","https://openalex.org/W6736572398","https://openalex.org/W6755056574","https://openalex.org/W6756870468","https://openalex.org/W6797228586","https://openalex.org/W6810002112"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3124312373","https://openalex.org/W2046678883","https://openalex.org/W2115886818","https://openalex.org/W2153649672","https://openalex.org/W2466106906","https://openalex.org/W2770402827","https://openalex.org/W2069187387","https://openalex.org/W2963129420","https://openalex.org/W2978731891","https://openalex.org/W2970759752"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,42],"study":[1,45],"a":[2,14,19,46,68],"class":[3],"of":[4,28,78,130],"zeroth-order":[5],"distributed":[6],"optimization":[7],"problems,":[8],"where":[9],"each":[10,37],"agent":[11],"can":[12,34],"control":[13],"partial":[15],"vector":[16,27],"and":[17,31,44,58,61,86],"observe":[18],"local":[20,107],"cost":[21,108],"that":[22,96],"depends":[23],"on":[24],"the":[25,32,64,92,106,112,135,138,143],"joint":[26],"all":[29],"agents,":[30],"agents":[33],"communicate":[35],"with":[36,39,54,82],"other":[38],"time":[40],"delay.":[41],"propose":[43],"gradient":[47,52],"descent-based":[48],"algorithm":[49,99],"using":[50],"two-point":[51],"estimators":[53],"diminishing":[55,59,83],"smoothing":[56,87],"parameters":[57],"step-size":[60],"we":[62],"establish":[63],"convergence":[65],"rate":[66],"to":[67,91],"first-order":[69],"stationary":[70],"point":[71],"for":[72,120],"general":[73],"nonconvex":[74],"problems.":[75],"A":[76],"byproduct":[77],"our":[79,97],"proposed":[80,98],"method":[81],"step":[84],"size":[85],"parameters,":[88],"as":[89,117],"opposed":[90],"fixed-parameter":[93],"scheme,":[94],"is":[95],"does":[100],"not":[101],"require":[102],"any":[103],"information":[104],"regarding":[105],"functions.":[109],"This":[110],"makes":[111],"solution":[113],"appealing":[114],"in":[115],"practice":[116],"it":[118],"allows":[119],"optimizing":[121],"an":[122],"unknown":[123],"(black-box)":[124],"global":[125],"function":[126],"without":[127],"prior":[128],"knowledge":[129],"its":[131],"smoothness":[132],"parameters.":[133,146],"At":[134],"same":[136],"time,":[137],"performance":[139],"will":[140],"adaptively":[141],"match":[142],"problem":[144],"instance":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-24T23:09:58.560324","created_date":"2023-06-25T00:00:00"}