{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3162035887","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2021.3089372","title":"Edge Augmentation With Controllability Constraints in Directed Laplacian Networks","display_name":"Edge Augmentation With Controllability Constraints in Directed Laplacian Networks","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3162035887","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2021.3089372","mag":"3162035887"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcsys.2021.3089372","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2021.3089372","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306422535","display_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","issn_l":"2475-1456","issn":["2475-1456"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2105.06011","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041744190","display_name":"Waseem Abbas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9013-1463"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Waseem Abbas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA","Electrical Engineering & Computer Science Department, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering & Computer Science Department, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058924014","display_name":"Mudassir Shabbir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6961-0961"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1323252656","display_name":"Information Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ngv8j44","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656"]}],"countries":["PK","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mudassir Shabbir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Technology University, Lahore, Pakistan","Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA","Electrical Engineering & Computer Science Department, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Technology University, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering & Computer Science Department, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041762786","display_name":"Yasin Yaz\u0131c\u0131o\u011flu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6957-6831"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasin Yazicioglu","raw_affiliation_strings":["[Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023397404","display_name":"Xenofon Koutsoukos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0923-6293"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xenofon Koutsoukos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA","Electrical Engineering & Computer Science Department, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering & Computer Science Department, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041744190"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.14342917,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"1106","last_page":"1111"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11476","display_name":"Graph theory and applications","score":0.980400025844574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2608","display_name":"Geometry and Topology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11476","display_name":"Graph theory and applications","score":0.980400025844574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2608","display_name":"Geometry and Topology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10083","display_name":"Graphene research and applications","score":0.9757000207901001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11347","display_name":"Neural Networks Stability and Synchronization","score":0.9345999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controllability","display_name":"Controllability","score":0.8753366470336914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6742237210273743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.6342769861221313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.5750213265419006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.546822726726532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-contraction","display_name":"Edge contraction","score":0.5218452215194702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.49170762300491333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laplace-operator","display_name":"Laplace operator","score":0.4806872308254242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laplacian-matrix","display_name":"Laplacian matrix","score":0.4736191928386688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4345981478691101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.42153602838516235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.37540969252586365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.30405157804489136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/line-graph","display_name":"Line graph","score":0.1650233268737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.14415132999420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-graph","display_name":"Voltage graph","score":0.08271035552024841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07423678040504456}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48209547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331104","display_name":"Controllability","level":2,"score":0.8753366470336914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6742237210273743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.6342769861221313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.5750213265419006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.546822726726532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204562854","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1397646","display_name":"Edge contraction","level":5,"score":0.5218452215194702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.49170762300491333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165700671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q203484","display_name":"Laplace operator","level":2,"score":0.4806872308254242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115178988","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q772067","display_name":"Laplacian matrix","level":3,"score":0.4736191928386688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4345981478691101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42153602838516235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.37540969252586365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.30405157804489136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203776342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1378376","display_name":"Line graph","level":3,"score":0.1650233268737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.14415132999420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22149727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7940747","display_name":"Voltage graph","level":4,"score":0.08271035552024841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07423678040504456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcsys.2021.3089372","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2021.3089372","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306422535","display_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","issn_l":"2475-1456","issn":["2475-1456"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2105.06011","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2105.06011","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2105.06011","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3162035887","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2105.06011.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2105.06011","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2105.06011","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2105.06011","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2105.06011","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2105.06011","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3162035887.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1669520380","https://openalex.org/W2023351932","https://openalex.org/W2170723553","https://openalex.org/W2175011670","https://openalex.org/W2288444165","https://openalex.org/W2315383458","https://openalex.org/W2490580228","https://openalex.org/W2763583074","https://openalex.org/W2887109490","https://openalex.org/W3026588601","https://openalex.org/W3044093796","https://openalex.org/W3045706861","https://openalex.org/W3049739658","https://openalex.org/W3099817679","https://openalex.org/W3104429613","https://openalex.org/W3118766792"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3169899891","https://openalex.org/W3001902986","https://openalex.org/W68213954","https://openalex.org/W3084816864","https://openalex.org/W3166580633","https://openalex.org/W2399274114","https://openalex.org/W2783262462","https://openalex.org/W2962976136","https://openalex.org/W3207637137","https://openalex.org/W3093448879","https://openalex.org/W3208641528","https://openalex.org/W2965209284","https://openalex.org/W3005261803","https://openalex.org/W2989503510","https://openalex.org/W819274831","https://openalex.org/W1545658340","https://openalex.org/W2022363238","https://openalex.org/W3128925059","https://openalex.org/W2925520559","https://openalex.org/W2907821809"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"letter,":[2],"we":[3,135,159],"study":[4],"the":[5,36,56,66,79,86,90,105,115,125,132,137,142],"maximum":[6,106],"edge":[7,100,138,165],"augmentation":[8,101,139,166],"problem":[9],"in":[10,94,110],"directed":[11],"Laplacian":[12],"networks":[13],"to":[14,40,131],"improve":[15],"their":[16,23],"robustness":[17],"while":[18,51,113,140],"preserving":[19,114,141],"lower":[20],"bounds":[21],"on":[22,78,89],"strong":[24],"structural":[25],"controllability":[26],"(SSC).":[27],"Since":[28],"adding":[29,48],"edges":[30,50,109,129],"could":[31],"adversely":[32],"impact":[33],"network":[34,45,57],"controllability,":[35],"main":[37],"objective":[38],"is":[39,76],"maximally":[41],"densify":[42],"a":[43,95,111,121,147],"given":[44],"by":[46,65],"selectively":[47],"missing":[49],"ensuring":[52],"that":[53,103,150],"SSC":[54,67],"of":[55,81,108,128],"does":[58],"not":[59],"deteriorate":[60],"beyond":[61],"certain":[62],"levels":[63],"specified":[64],"bounds.":[68],"We":[69,97],"consider":[70],"two":[71],"widely":[72],"used":[73],"bounds:":[74],"first":[75],"based":[77],"notion":[80],"zero":[82],"forcing":[83],"(ZF),":[84],"and":[85,118,145,162],"second":[87],"relies":[88],"distances":[91],"between":[92],"nodes":[93],"graph.":[96,133],"provide":[98],"an":[99,152],"algorithm":[102,149],"adds":[104],"number":[107,127],"graph":[112],"ZF-based":[116],"bound,":[117],"also":[119],"derive":[120],"closed-form":[122],"expression":[123],"for":[124],"exact":[126],"added":[130],"Then,":[134],"examine":[136],"distance-based":[143],"bound":[144],"present":[146],"randomized":[148],"guarantees":[151],"\u03b1-approximate":[153],"solution":[154],"with":[155],"high":[156],"probability.":[157],"Finally,":[158],"numerically":[160],"evaluate":[161],"compare":[163],"these":[164],"solutions.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
