{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3039851287","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2020.3003770","title":"Data-Driven Tests for Controllability","display_name":"Data-Driven Tests for Controllability","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3039851287","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2020.3003770","mag":"3039851287"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcsys.2020.3003770","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2020.3003770","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306422535","display_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","issn_l":"2475-1456","issn":["2475-1456"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/retrieve/aa6fad88-e6c2-4199-b7c9-6cf083a20bb2","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074311590","display_name":"Vikas Kumar Mishra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3185-6608"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","ror":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vikas Kumar Mishra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3185-6608","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013581554","display_name":"Ivan Markovsky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9976-9685"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","ror":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ivan Markovsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9976-9685","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014598243","display_name":"Benjamin Gro\u00dfmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9372-6238"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","ror":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ben Grossmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.617,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":45,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95231075,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"2","first_page":"517","last_page":"522"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11236","display_name":"Control Systems and Identification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11236","display_name":"Control Systems and Identification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11206","display_name":"Model Reduction and Neural Networks","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controllability","display_name":"Controllability","score":0.8592286109924316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lemma","display_name":"Lemma (botany)","score":0.8054004907608032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/singular-value-decomposition","display_name":"Singular value decomposition","score":0.6285648345947266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algebraic-number","display_name":"Algebraic number","score":0.599341094493866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hankel-matrix","display_name":"Hankel matrix","score":0.5918319821357727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-identification","display_name":"System identification","score":0.5477350354194641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lti-system-theory","display_name":"LTI system theory","score":0.5290635824203491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.49214643239974976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4783724844455719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-system","display_name":"Linear system","score":0.46800413727760315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.465038001537323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controllability-gramian","display_name":"Controllability Gramian","score":0.4208894371986389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4167991876602173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.41014382243156433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.35633617639541626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.24641185998916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-modeling","display_name":"Data modeling","score":0.15332692861557007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.11584261059761047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.09816879034042358}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48209547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331104","display_name":"Controllability","level":2,"score":0.8592286109924316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777759810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q149316","display_name":"Lemma (botany)","level":3,"score":0.8054004907608032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22789450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420904","display_name":"Singular value decomposition","level":2,"score":0.6285648345947266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9376300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168817","display_name":"Algebraic number","level":2,"score":0.599341094493866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25023664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1575637","display_name":"Hankel matrix","level":2,"score":0.5918319821357727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119247159","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1366192","display_name":"System identification","level":3,"score":0.5477350354194641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87698059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1808960","display_name":"LTI system theory","level":3,"score":0.5290635824203491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.49214643239974976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4783724844455719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6802819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1072174","display_name":"Linear system","level":2,"score":0.46800413727760315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.465038001537323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143461762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83587","display_name":"Controllability Gramian","level":3,"score":0.4208894371986389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4167991876602173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.41014382243156433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.35633617639541626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.24641185998916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.15332692861557007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.11584261059761047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.09816879034042358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46757340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43238","display_name":"Poaceae","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcsys.2020.3003770","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcsys.2020.3003770","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306422535","display_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","issn_l":"2475-1456","issn":["2475-1456"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:20.500.12942/767520","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/20.500.12942/767520","pdf_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/retrieve/aa6fad88-e6c2-4199-b7c9-6cf083a20bb2","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055369","display_name":"Lirias","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters, vol. 5 (2), Art.No. 2, (517-522)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:vubissmart:VUBISSMART:2000:149840","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://biblio.vub.ac.be/vubir/datadriven-tests-for-controllability(0cba26a2-c231-4fbc-99f1-b1f89a80e391).html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402573","display_name":"VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","host_organization_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:20.500.12942/767520","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/20.500.12942/767520","pdf_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/retrieve/aa6fad88-e6c2-4199-b7c9-6cf083a20bb2","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055369","display_name":"Lirias","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Control Systems Letters, vol. 5 (2), Art.No. 2, (517-522)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2787453302","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"30468160","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321730","funder_display_name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6141847470","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"G090117N","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321730","funder_display_name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7564167306","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"30468160","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321390","funder_display_name":"Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321390","display_name":"Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS","ror":"https://ror.org/03q83t159"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321730","display_name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","ror":"https://ror.org/03qtxy027"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327336","display_name":"Vlaamse regering","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3039851287.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3039851287.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W63990713","https://openalex.org/W105751747","https://openalex.org/W1512958137","https://openalex.org/W1968441886","https://openalex.org/W1983313164","https://openalex.org/W2146560209","https://openalex.org/W2148443868","https://openalex.org/W2176175198","https://openalex.org/W2395955964","https://openalex.org/W2946420919","https://openalex.org/W2952672134","https://openalex.org/W2967875632","https://openalex.org/W2979207987","https://openalex.org/W2986727655","https://openalex.org/W2995764727","https://openalex.org/W2999535065","https://openalex.org/W3002782398","https://openalex.org/W3016165507","https://openalex.org/W3046374173","https://openalex.org/W3154151770","https://openalex.org/W4240480786","https://openalex.org/W4245305869"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2150699280","https://openalex.org/W3195533526","https://openalex.org/W1997246199","https://openalex.org/W3005675099","https://openalex.org/W2528113629","https://openalex.org/W2153845527","https://openalex.org/W3013553788","https://openalex.org/W2030649852","https://openalex.org/W4362672010","https://openalex.org/W2013186713"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,106],"fundamental":[1,40,55],"lemma":[2,41,56],"due":[3],"to":[4,59,73,101,115],"Willems":[5],"et":[6],"al.":[7],"\u201cA":[8],"note":[9],"on":[10,86],"persistency":[11],"of":[12,35,91],"excitation,\u201d":[13],"Syst.":[14],"Control":[15],"Lett.,":[16],"vol.":[17],"54,":[18],"no.":[19],"4,":[20],"pp.":[21],"325-329,":[22],"2005":[23],"plays":[24],"an":[25],"important":[26],"role":[27],"in":[28],"system":[29,48,61,78],"identification":[30,62],"and":[31],"data-driven":[32,68],"control.":[33],"One":[34],"the":[36,39,44,54,76,87,97,103,117],"assumptions":[37],"for":[38,63],"is":[42,49,57,71,79,99],"that":[43],"underlying":[45,77],"linear":[46],"time-invariant":[47],"controllable.":[50],"In":[51],"this":[52],"letter,":[53],"extended":[58],"address":[60],"uncontrollable":[64],"systems.":[65],"Then,":[66],"a":[67,92],"algebraic":[69],"test":[70],"derived":[72],"check":[74],"whether":[75],"controllable":[80],"or":[81],"not.":[82],"An":[83],"algorithm":[84,107],"based":[85],"singular":[88],"value":[89],"decomposition":[90],"Hankel":[93],"matrix":[94],"constructed":[95],"from":[96],"data":[98],"provided":[100],"implement":[102],"developed":[104],"test.":[105],"has":[108],"cubic":[109],"computational":[110],"cost.":[111],"Examples":[112],"are":[113],"given":[114],"illustrate":[116],"theoretical":[118],"results.":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
