{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409883266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2025.3564715","title":"SCMA for STAR-RIS-Assisted UAV Networks: A DRL Approach for Energy Efficiency Maximization","display_name":"SCMA for STAR-RIS-Assisted UAV Networks: A DRL Approach for Energy Efficiency Maximization","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409883266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2025.3564715"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcomm.2025.3564715","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2025.3564715","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094136688","display_name":"Benmeziane Imad-Ddine Ghomri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0887-8028"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I233209018","display_name":"University of Abou Bekr Belka\u00efd","ror":"https://ror.org/00jsjm362","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I233209018"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Benmeziane Imad-Ddine Ghomri","raw_affiliation_strings":["LTT Research Laboratory, Faculty of Technology, University of Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria","Faculty of Technology, LTT Research Laboratory, University of Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LTT Research Laboratory, Faculty of Technology, University of Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I233209018"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Technology, LTT Research Laboratory, University of Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I233209018"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035730429","display_name":"Mohammed Yassine Bendimerad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7833-5295"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I233209018","display_name":"University of Abou Bekr Belka\u00efd","ror":"https://ror.org/00jsjm362","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I233209018"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Yassine Bendimerad","raw_affiliation_strings":["LTT Research Laboratory, Faculty of Technology, University of Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria","Faculty of Technology, LTT Research Laboratory, University of Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LTT Research Laboratory, Faculty of Technology, University of Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I233209018"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Technology, LTT Research Laboratory, University of Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I233209018"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060533032","display_name":"Hmaied Sha\u00efek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9974-7830"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124158823","display_name":"Conservatoire National des Arts et M\u00e9tiers","ror":"https://ror.org/0175hh227","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124158823","https://openalex.org/I4210134562"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145724","display_name":"Centre d'Etudes et De Recherche en Informatique et Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/044j5mm75","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145724"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hmaied Shaiek","raw_affiliation_strings":["CEDRIC Laboratory, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, Paris, France","Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, CEDRIC laboratory, Paris, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CEDRIC Laboratory, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124158823"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, CEDRIC laboratory, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124158823","https://openalex.org/I4210145724"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5094136688"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I233209018"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03915921,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"6","first_page":"1431","last_page":"1435"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximization","display_name":"Maximization","score":0.7257596850395203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6679741144180298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4953829050064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.49327772855758667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4850679934024811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/star","display_name":"Star (game theory)","score":0.44296449422836304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.21112141013145447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.13509777188301086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.13360917568206787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.13278916478157043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11995822191238403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07882314920425415}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776330181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18358244","display_name":"Maximization","level":2,"score":0.7257596850395203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6679741144180298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4953829050064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.49327772855758667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4850679934024811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780897414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600592","display_name":"Star (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.44296449422836304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.21112141013145447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.13509777188301086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.13360917568206787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.13278916478157043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11995822191238403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07882314920425415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcomm.2025.3564715","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2025.3564715","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8700000047683716,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2042519026","https://openalex.org/W2889655092","https://openalex.org/W2962804513","https://openalex.org/W3000577820","https://openalex.org/W3165173280","https://openalex.org/W3205217150","https://openalex.org/W3205584014","https://openalex.org/W4312759523","https://openalex.org/W4360994080","https://openalex.org/W4361857044","https://openalex.org/W4366667299","https://openalex.org/W4391942382","https://openalex.org/W4392745986","https://openalex.org/W6741002519"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4389620322","https://openalex.org/W4310846410","https://openalex.org/W3084489576","https://openalex.org/W2898392447","https://openalex.org/W4213045488","https://openalex.org/W4299129484","https://openalex.org/W2380052030","https://openalex.org/W2998137966","https://openalex.org/W2744977612","https://openalex.org/W2899941344"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"letter":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,25,55],"simultaneously":[4],"transmitting":[5],"and":[6,74,110],"reflecting":[7],"reconfigurable":[8],"intelligent":[9],"surface":[10],"(STAR-RIS)-aided":[11],"downlink":[12],"(DL)":[13],"sparse":[14],"code":[15],"multiple":[16,107],"access":[17,108],"(SCMA)":[18],"unmanned":[19],"aerial":[20,30],"vehicle":[21],"(UAV)":[22],"network,":[23],"where":[24],"UAV":[26,72],"serves":[27],"as":[28],"an":[29],"base":[31],"station":[32],"to":[33,40,61],"provide":[34],"wireless":[35],"communications.":[36],"The":[37,81],"objective":[38],"is":[39,84],"maximize":[41],"the":[42,48,64,75,79,87,96,100],"total":[43],"energy":[44],"efficiency":[45],"(EE)":[46],"of":[47,78,99],"system.":[49],"To":[50],"achieve":[51],"this,":[52],"we":[53],"introduce":[54],"deep":[56],"reinforcement":[57],"learning":[58],"(DRL)":[59],"framework":[60,102],"jointly":[62],"optimize":[63],"SCMA":[65],"mapping":[66],"matrix":[67],"(MM),":[68],"power":[69],"allocation":[70],"(PA),":[71],"trajectory,":[73],"phase":[76],"shifts":[77],"STAR-RIS.":[80],"DRL":[82],"agent":[83],"trained":[85],"using":[86],"proximal":[88],"policy":[89],"optimization":[90],"(PPO)":[91],"algorithm.":[92],"Simulation":[93],"results":[94],"demonstrate":[95],"superior":[97],"performance":[98],"proposed":[101],"over":[103],"both":[104],"power-domain":[105],"non-orthogonal":[106],"(PD-NOMA)":[109],"conventional":[111],"RIS":[112],"counterparts.":[113]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}