{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408935266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2025.3555796","title":"Degrees of Freedom of Holographic MIMO in Multi-User Near-Field Channels","display_name":"Degrees of Freedom of Holographic MIMO in Multi-User Near-Field Channels","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408935266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2025.3555796"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcomm.2025.3555796","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2025.3555796","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109675099","display_name":"Houfeng Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Houfeng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Communications, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, China","School of Electronics, State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Communications, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Communications, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics, State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Communications, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056356455","display_name":"Shaohua Yue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6898-0883"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaohua Yue","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Communications, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, China","School of Electronics, State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Communications, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6898-0883","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Communications, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics, State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Communications, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081612175","display_name":"Marco Di Renzo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0772-8793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097418","display_name":"Laboratoire des signaux et syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/00skw9v43","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210097418","https://openalex.org/I4210107720"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Di Renzo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire des Signaux et Systèmes, Gif-sur-Yvette, France","Laboratoire des Signaux et Systèmes, 3 Rue Joliot-Curie, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CentraleSupélec, Gif-sur-Yvette, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire des Signaux et Systèmes, Gif-sur-Yvette, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210097418"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire des Signaux et Systèmes, 3 Rue Joliot-Curie, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CentraleSupélec, Gif-sur-Yvette, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210097418"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100440579","display_name":"Hongliang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3393-8612"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongliang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Communications, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, China","School of Electronics, State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Communications, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3393-8612","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Communications, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics, State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Communications, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6386,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62596048,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"6","first_page":"1186","last_page":"1190"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.6913162469863892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/degrees-of-freedom","display_name":"Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)","score":0.6782863736152649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6136560440063477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/holography","display_name":"Holography","score":0.5538646578788757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.44744873046875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.4336303472518921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.313748836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2157774567604065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.21501865983009338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.19139036536216736}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.6913162469863892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C208081375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274502","display_name":"Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.6782863736152649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6136560440063477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187590223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q527628","display_name":"Holography","level":2,"score":0.5538646578788757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.44744873046875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.4336303472518921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.313748836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2157774567604065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.21501865983009338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.19139036536216736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcomm.2025.3555796","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2025.3555796","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05378121v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05378121","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters, 2025, 29 (6), pp.1186-1190. ⟨10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3555796⟩","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6399999856948853,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2577364702","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62371011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2860730260","display_name":"Foundations of future communication networks","funder_award_id":"ANR-22-PEFT-0010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3413260315","display_name":"Physics-based wireless AI providing scalability and efficiency","funder_award_id":"ANR-23-CHR4-0003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7222178585","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101129618","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316355","funder_display_name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Teramo"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316355","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Teramo","ror":"https://ror.org/01yetye73"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","ror":"https://ror.org/00rbzpz17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979154798","https://openalex.org/W2048309032","https://openalex.org/W2063038653","https://openalex.org/W2111906704","https://openalex.org/W2114814651","https://openalex.org/W2166275380","https://openalex.org/W3021587675","https://openalex.org/W3043119790","https://openalex.org/W4210739474","https://openalex.org/W4226163602","https://openalex.org/W4296708212","https://openalex.org/W4386231167","https://openalex.org/W4387010600","https://openalex.org/W4400350900","https://openalex.org/W6855594674"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2707254711","https://openalex.org/W4312894971","https://openalex.org/W2520519067","https://openalex.org/W4381305349","https://openalex.org/W429585224","https://openalex.org/W2028098652","https://openalex.org/W4321134085","https://openalex.org/W1997788316","https://openalex.org/W1632346977","https://openalex.org/W4221050821"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Holographic":[0],"multiple-input":[1],"multiple-output":[2],"(HMIMO)":[3],"is":[4,34,73,161],"an":[5,74],"emerging":[6],"technology":[7],"for":[8,51,82,116],"6G":[9],"communications,":[10],"in":[11,18,38,43,70,86,107,120,157,163],"which":[12],"numerous":[13],"antenna":[14],"units":[15],"are":[16],"integrated":[17],"a":[19,98,117],"limited":[20],"space.":[21],"As":[22],"the":[23,28,32,44,57,60,78,84,103,114,121,127,139,153,167,170,173,184,187,191,195],"HMIMO":[24,67,106,145,156,174],"array":[25,33],"aperture":[26],"expands,":[27],"near-field":[29,45,71,109,159],"region":[30],"of":[31,59,63,66,105,141,155,169,172,178,186,197],"dramatically":[35],"enlarged,":[36],"resulting":[37],"more":[39],"users":[40],"being":[41],"located":[42],"region.":[46],"This":[47],"creates":[48],"new":[49],"opportunities":[50],"wireless":[52],"communications.":[53],"In":[54,93,132,190],"this":[55,94,133],"context,":[56],"evaluation":[58],"spatial":[61,142,179,206],"degrees":[62],"freedom":[64],"(DoF)":[65],"multi-user":[68,108,130,158],"systems":[69],"channels":[72,88,160],"open":[75],"problem,":[76],"as":[77],"analytical":[79,149],"methods":[80],"utilized":[81],"evaluating":[83],"DoF":[85,104,115,154,171,198],"far-field":[87],"cannot":[89],"be":[90],"directly":[91],"applied.":[92],"letter,":[95],"we":[96,136],"propose":[97],"novel":[99],"method":[100],"to":[101,129,205],"calculate":[102],"channels.":[110],"We":[111],"first":[112],"derive":[113],"single":[118],"user":[119],"near":[122],"field,":[123],"and":[124],"then":[125],"extend":[126],"analysis":[128],"scenarios.":[131],"latter":[134],"scenario,":[135],"focus":[137],"on":[138,202],"impact":[140],"blocking":[143],"between":[144],"users.":[146],"The":[147],"derived":[148],"framework":[150],"reveals":[151],"that":[152],"not":[162],"general":[164],"given":[165],"by":[166,200],"sum":[168],"single-user":[175],"setting":[176],"because":[177],"blocking.":[180,207],"Simulation":[181],"results":[182],"demonstrate":[183],"effectiveness":[185],"proposed":[188],"method.":[189],"considered":[192],"case":[193],"study,":[194],"number":[196],"reduces":[199],"21.2%":[201],"average":[203],"due":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}