{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408792030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2025.3554345","title":"CNN-RAGNet Architecture for CFO Estimation in RIS-Assisted MIMO-OFDM Systems","display_name":"CNN-RAGNet Architecture for CFO Estimation in RIS-Assisted MIMO-OFDM Systems","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408792030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2025.3554345"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcomm.2025.3554345","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2025.3554345","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104455509","display_name":"Shivani Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0612-596X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132153292","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Patna","ror":"https://ror.org/01ft5vz71","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132153292"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shivani Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, India","Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Patna, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132153292"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Patna, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132153292"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069214588","display_name":"Sudhan Majhi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2142-1862"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sudhan Majhi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India","Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, Karnataka, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056883826","display_name":"Udit Satija","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3851-765X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132153292","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Patna","ror":"https://ror.org/01ft5vz71","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132153292"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Udit Satija","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, India","Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Patna, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132153292"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Patna, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132153292"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5104455509"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132153292"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.9395,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97510764,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"5","first_page":"1092","last_page":"1096"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9735999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9735999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.972599983215332,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9648000001907349,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7080523371696472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.6697186827659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.5133189558982849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.4832661747932434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.33575400710105896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3237447738647461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.20719560980796814}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7080523371696472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.6697186827659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.5133189558982849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.4832661747932434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.33575400710105896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3237447738647461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.20719560980796814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcomm.2025.3554345","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2025.3554345","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2132821178","https://openalex.org/W2891017622","https://openalex.org/W2969501117","https://openalex.org/W3019546206","https://openalex.org/W3189202224","https://openalex.org/W3206689400","https://openalex.org/W4200556822","https://openalex.org/W4226197976","https://openalex.org/W4319297672","https://openalex.org/W4390533968","https://openalex.org/W4391594218","https://openalex.org/W4392152005","https://openalex.org/W4399849503","https://openalex.org/W4401305542","https://openalex.org/W4402448574","https://openalex.org/W4403021981","https://openalex.org/W6676179485"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2792339401","https://openalex.org/W2530747331","https://openalex.org/W3097525855","https://openalex.org/W2125564215","https://openalex.org/W4391741972","https://openalex.org/W1986382998","https://openalex.org/W2517776947","https://openalex.org/W2084482193","https://openalex.org/W2972611783","https://openalex.org/W2038503502"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"letter":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3],"deep":[4],"learning":[5],"(DL)":[6],"supervised":[7],"model":[8,91],"of":[9,38,64],"estimating":[10],"carrier":[11],"frequency":[12,24],"offset":[13],"(CFO)":[14],"for":[15],"reconfigurable":[16],"intelligent":[17],"surfaces":[18],"(RIS)-assisted":[19],"multiple":[20,22],"input":[21],"output-orthogonal":[23],"division":[25],"multiplexing":[26],"(MIMO-OFDM)":[27],"systems":[28],"without":[29],"the":[30,39,78,90,98,103,118,150],"channel":[31,125],"state":[32],"information.":[33],"The":[34,62,82,127,142],"proposed":[35,104,143],"architecture":[36,105,144],"consists":[37],"convolution":[40],"neural":[41],"network":[42],"(CNN)":[43],"with":[44],"enhanced":[45,65],"residual":[46],"(Res),":[47],"attention":[48,83],"and":[49,76,84,96,112,115,138],"dense":[50],"gated":[51],"linear":[52],"unit":[53],"(GLU)":[54],"blocks,":[55],"collectively":[56],"referred":[57],"to":[58,92,108],"as":[59],"CNN-RAGNet":[60],"architecture.":[61],"integration":[63],"Res":[66],"block":[67],"facilitates":[68],"feature":[69],"extraction":[70],"from":[71],"various":[72,109],"received":[73],"antenna":[74],"samples":[75],"mitigates":[77],"vanishing":[79],"gradient":[80],"problem.":[81],"D-GLU":[85],"blocks":[86],"are":[87],"incorporated":[88],"into":[89],"prioritize":[93],"relevant":[94],"features":[95],"enhance":[97],"CFO":[99],"estimation":[100],"accuracy.":[101],"Furthermore,":[102],"is":[106],"adaptable":[107],"modulation":[110],"schemes":[111],"RIS":[113],"elements,":[114],"works":[116],"on":[117],"realistic":[119],"3GPP":[120],"TR38.901":[121],"tapped":[122],"delay":[123],"line":[124],"model.":[126],"simulation":[128],"results":[129],"indicate":[130],"its":[131],"outperformance":[132],"over":[133],"existing":[134,151],"statistical":[135],"based":[136,140],"methods":[137],"DL":[139],"approaches.":[141],"has":[145],"lower":[146],"computational":[147],"complexity":[148],"than":[149],"methods.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
