{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400977387","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2024.3433517","title":"Employing High-Dimensional RIS Information for RIS-Aided Localization Systems","display_name":"Employing High-Dimensional RIS Information for RIS-Aided Localization Systems","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400977387","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2024.3433517"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcomm.2024.3433517","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2024.3433517","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101462298","display_name":"Tuo Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5464-3357"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tuo Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5464-3357","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075696071","display_name":"Cunhua Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5286-7958"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cunhua Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5286-7958","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008210744","display_name":"Kangda Zhi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1677-847X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kangda Zhi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1677-847X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113433956","display_name":"Hong Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3477-1087"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3477-1087","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015335741","display_name":"Maged Elkashlan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5168-0160"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maged Elkashlan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5168-0160","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029002143","display_name":"Jiangzhou Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0881-3594"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","display_name":"University of Kent","ror":"https://ror.org/00xkeyj56","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiangzhou Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, University of Kent, Canterbury, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0881-3594","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, University of Kent, Canterbury, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060020877","display_name":"Chau Yuen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9307-2120"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chau Yuen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9307-2120","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7864,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84847922,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"9","first_page":"2046","last_page":"2050"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6154463291168213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-system","display_name":"Information system","score":0.43483132123947144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11563605070114136}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6154463291168213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180198813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121182","display_name":"Information system","level":2,"score":0.43483132123947144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11563605070114136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcomm.2024.3433517","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2024.3433517","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:kar.kent.ac.uk:106785","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://kar.kent.ac.uk/106785/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196264","display_name":"Kent Academic Repository (University of Kent)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","host_organization_name":"University of Kent","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1129167665","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62331023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5298968265","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62350710796","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6188017958","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOE-T2EP50220-0019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6578954843","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62201137","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2104876002","https://openalex.org/W2165698076","https://openalex.org/W2810871807","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2969424089","https://openalex.org/W3094327823","https://openalex.org/W3134406316","https://openalex.org/W3168997536","https://openalex.org/W4206725225","https://openalex.org/W4225737845","https://openalex.org/W4226061238","https://openalex.org/W4285280291","https://openalex.org/W4312614302","https://openalex.org/W4312763750","https://openalex.org/W4376466684","https://openalex.org/W4383427890","https://openalex.org/W4391092643","https://openalex.org/W4391454495","https://openalex.org/W4399666215","https://openalex.org/W4400064446","https://openalex.org/W6869676347"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W4395014643"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Reconfigurable":[0],"intelligent":[1],"surface":[2],"(RIS)-aided":[3],"localization":[4,32,183],"systems":[5],"have":[6],"attracted":[7],"extensive":[8],"research":[9],"attention":[10],"due":[11],"to":[12,63,96,166,172],"their":[13],"accuracy":[14],"enhancement":[15],"capabilities.":[16],"However,":[17],"most":[18],"studies":[19],"primarily":[20],"utilized":[21],"the":[22,36,61,67,77,82,98,103,135,151,168,173,182,189],"base":[23],"stations":[24],"(BS)":[25],"received":[26,40],"signal,":[27,41],"i.e.,":[28,42],"BS":[29,47,105,118],"information,":[30,48,119],"for":[31,116,126,133,156],"algorithm":[33,78,95,110,148],"design,":[34],"neglecting":[35],"potential":[37],"of":[38,66],"RIS":[39,43,49,84,91,100,137,154,170,191],"information.":[44,85,106,138],"Compared":[45],"with":[46],"information":[50,92,101,155,192],"offers":[51],"higher":[52],"dimension":[53],"and":[54,129,193],"richer":[55],"feature":[56,127],"set,":[57],"thereby":[58],"significantly":[59,186],"improving":[60],"ability":[62],"extract":[64],"positions":[65],"mobile":[68],"users":[69],"(MUs).":[70],"Addressing":[71],"this":[72,74],"oversight,":[73],"letter":[75],"explores":[76],"design":[79],"based":[80,145],"on":[81],"high-dimensional":[83,99,153,190],"Specifically,":[86],"we":[87,140],"first":[88],"propose":[89,141],"a":[90,112,120,142,162],"reconstruction":[93],"(RIS-IR)":[94],"reconstruct":[97],"from":[102],"low-dimensional":[104],"The":[107],"proposed":[108],"RIS-IR":[109],"comprises":[111],"data":[113],"processing":[114],"module":[115,125,132],"preprocessing":[117],"convolution":[121],"neural":[122],"network":[123],"(CNN)":[124],"extraction,":[128],"an":[130],"output":[131],"outputting":[134],"reconstructed":[136,152,169],"Then,":[139],"transfer":[143],"learning":[144],"fingerprint":[146],"(TFBF)":[147],"that":[149,181],"employs":[150],"MU":[157],"localization.":[158],"This":[159],"involves":[160],"adapting":[161],"pre-trained":[163],"DenseNet-121":[164],"model":[165],"map":[167],"signal":[171],"MU\u2019s":[174],"three-dimensional":[175],"(3D)":[176],"position.":[177],"Empirical":[178],"results":[179],"affirm":[180],"performance":[184],"is":[185],"influenced":[187],"by":[188],"maintains":[194],"robustness":[195],"against":[196],"unoptimized":[197],"phase":[198],"shifts.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
