{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400771602","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2024.3430314","title":"TFAM-AAE-U<sub> <b>k</b> </sub>: A Dual-Metric Spectrum Anomaly Detection Algorithm","display_name":"TFAM-AAE-U<sub> <b>k</b> </sub>: A Dual-Metric Spectrum Anomaly Detection Algorithm","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400771602","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2024.3430314"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcomm.2024.3430314","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2024.3430314","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064569034","display_name":"Haipeng Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3944-903X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Haipeng Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3944-903X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100375701","display_name":"Tao Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5809-0801"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sixty-Third Research Institute of National University of Defense Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5809-0801","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sixty-Third Research Institute of National University of Defense Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003030833","display_name":"Xiaoqiang Qiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-1739"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoqiang Qiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sixty-Third Research Institute of National University of Defense Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sixty-Third Research Institute of National University of Defense Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035123020","display_name":"Hao Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3249-4960"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sixty-Third Research Institute of National University of Defense Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3249-4960","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sixty-Third Research Institute of National University of Defense Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027367677","display_name":"Guan Gui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3888-2881"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guan Gui","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3888-2881","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064569034"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9934,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79565511,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"11","first_page":"2638","last_page":"2642"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9434000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5915665626525879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5569905638694763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.5376371741294861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.5163720846176147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectrum","display_name":"Spectrum (functional analysis)","score":0.4387966990470886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","score":0.42680051922798157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.20945137739181519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1726350486278534}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5915665626525879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5569905638694763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.5376371741294861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.5163720846176147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156778621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365748","display_name":"Spectrum (functional analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4387966990470886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.42680051922798157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.20945137739181519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1726350486278534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcomm.2024.3430314","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2024.3430314","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8137448553","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62371463","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2101840010","https://openalex.org/W2937347211","https://openalex.org/W2980528589","https://openalex.org/W3155757652","https://openalex.org/W3163880811","https://openalex.org/W3186964665","https://openalex.org/W4312271884","https://openalex.org/W4319990070","https://openalex.org/W4322588479","https://openalex.org/W4380632216","https://openalex.org/W4388726432","https://openalex.org/W4391857333"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2051487156","https://openalex.org/W2073681303","https://openalex.org/W2053286651","https://openalex.org/W2181743346","https://openalex.org/W2187401768","https://openalex.org/W2181413294","https://openalex.org/W2989452537","https://openalex.org/W2105642232","https://openalex.org/W2052122378","https://openalex.org/W3197833032"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Effective":[0],"spectrum":[1,37,74],"management":[2],"critically":[3],"depends":[4],"on":[5],"the":[6,70,84,91,98],"ability":[7],"to":[8,72,119],"detect":[9],"anomalies":[10],"caused":[11],"by":[12,76,101],"both":[13],"legal":[14],"user":[15,20,57],"(LU)":[16],"violations":[17],"and":[18,54,80,107,172],"illegal":[19],"(IU)":[21],"intrusions.":[22],"In":[23],"this":[24],"study,":[25],"we":[26],"introduce":[27],"TFAM-AAE-<inline-formula":[28,155],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[29,60,111,156],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[30,61,112,157],"<tex-math":[31,62,113,158],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\mathbf":[32,63,114,159],"{U_{k}}$":[33,64,115,160],"</tex-math></inline-formula>,":[34],"an":[35,43],"innovative":[36],"anomaly":[38,93,148],"detection":[39,94,165],"framework":[40,67],"that":[41,154],"integrates":[42],"Adversarial":[44],"Autoencoder":[45],"(AAE)":[46],"with":[47],"a":[48,55,144],"Time":[49],"Frequency":[50],"Attention":[51],"Mechanism":[52],"(TFAM)":[53],"specialized":[56],"discriminator,":[58],"<inline-formula":[59,110],"</tex-math></inline-formula>.":[65],"This":[66],"first":[68],"employs":[69],"TFAM-AAE":[71],"reconstruct":[73],"data":[75],"exploiting":[77],"latent,":[78],"time,":[79],"frequency":[81],"features":[82,122],"of":[83],"input.":[85],"The":[86,134],"reconstruction":[87],"error":[88],"serves":[89],"as":[90,143],"primary":[92],"metric.":[95],"To":[96],"address":[97],"challenges":[99],"posed":[100],"low":[102],"interference-to-signal":[103],"ratio":[104],"(ISR)":[105],"IUs":[106],"camouflaged":[108],"LUs,":[109],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[116,161],"is":[117,140],"utilized":[118],"extract":[120],"fingerprint":[121],"vectors":[123,130,139],"from":[124],"IQ":[125],"data,":[126],"establishing":[127],"class":[128],"center":[129],"for":[131,147],"each":[132],"LU.":[133],"Mahalanobis":[135],"distance":[136],"between":[137],"these":[138],"then":[141],"calculated":[142],"secondary":[145],"metric":[146],"detection.":[149],"Our":[150],"experimental":[151],"results":[152],"demonstrate":[153],"consistently":[162],"achieves":[163],"excellent":[164],"performance,":[166],"particularly":[167],"in":[168],"scenarios":[169],"involving":[170],"challenging":[171],"hard-to-detect":[173],"anomalies.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2024-07-19T00:00:00"}
