{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385757661","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2023.3304292","title":"Joint Beamforming Design for Multi-Functional RIS-Aided Uplink Communications","display_name":"Joint Beamforming Design for Multi-Functional RIS-Aided Uplink Communications","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385757661","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2023.3304292"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcomm.2023.3304292","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2023.3304292","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085375895","display_name":"Yingjie Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0997-9086"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yingjie Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041465972","display_name":"Ying Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4494-6389"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042930332","display_name":"Wanli Ni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0436-2685"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wanli Ni","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091266202","display_name":"Dusit Niyato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7442-7416"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dusit Niyato","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Ave, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Ave, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085375895"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3388,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80605323,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"10","first_page":"2697","last_page":"2701"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.8784033060073853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.865750789642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter-power-output","display_name":"Transmitter power output","score":0.6968799233436584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.684990644454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6846281290054321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5767182111740112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.5495488047599792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.46655863523483276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.42980679869651794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-method","display_name":"Iterative method","score":0.41930148005485535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3586379587650299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.34867697954177856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.24136486649513245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.21642768383026123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1131843626499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.09502062201499939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.06085273623466492}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.8784033060073853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.865750789642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.6968799233436584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.684990644454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6846281290054321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5767182111740112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.5495488047599792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.46655863523483276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.42980679869651794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159694833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2321565","display_name":"Iterative method","level":2,"score":0.41930148005485535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3586379587650299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.34867697954177856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.24136486649513245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21642768383026123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1131843626499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.09502062201499939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.06085273623466492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcomm.2023.3304292","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2023.3304292","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5041088774","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"92167202","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7838412362","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62171051","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2969424089","https://openalex.org/W3039402952","https://openalex.org/W3115103619","https://openalex.org/W3115455179","https://openalex.org/W3137570378","https://openalex.org/W3185397499","https://openalex.org/W3205217150","https://openalex.org/W4285283263","https://openalex.org/W4312635970","https://openalex.org/W4312696037","https://openalex.org/W4317794926","https://openalex.org/W4318907221","https://openalex.org/W4382118983"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4365807906","https://openalex.org/W2157864637","https://openalex.org/W4223416141","https://openalex.org/W2546639359","https://openalex.org/W3087844490","https://openalex.org/W1922070205","https://openalex.org/W2287071596","https://openalex.org/W3090699061","https://openalex.org/W4387546583","https://openalex.org/W2515629000"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"letter":[1],"investigates":[2],"the":[3,22,29,44,52,56,69,85,94,103,110,113],"joint":[4],"beamforming":[5,54],"design":[6],"problem":[7,66],"in":[8],"a":[9,61],"multi-functional":[10],"reconfigurable":[11],"intelligence":[12],"surface":[13],"(MF-RIS)-aided":[14],"uplink":[15,70],"communication":[16],"system.":[17],"Specifically,":[18],"each":[19],"element":[20],"of":[21,38,47,55,105,112],"MF-RIS":[23,49,114],"is":[24,98],"able":[25],"to":[26,67,116],"switch":[27],"between":[28],"reflection":[30],"and":[31,51,89,109],"refraction":[32],"modes,":[33],"while":[34],"achieving":[35],"power":[36,46,97],"amplification":[37],"incident":[39],"signals.":[40],"By":[41],"jointly":[42],"optimizing":[43],"transmit":[45,96],"users,":[48],"coefficients,":[50],"receive":[53],"base":[57],"station,":[58],"we":[59,78],"formulate":[60],"mixed-integer":[62],"non-linear":[63],"programming":[64],"(MINLP)":[65],"maximize":[68],"sum-rate.":[71],"To":[72],"solve":[73],"this":[74],"challenging":[75],"MINLP":[76],"problem,":[77],"propose":[79],"an":[80],"iterative":[81],"algorithm":[82,108],"by":[83],"using":[84],"successive":[86],"convex":[87],"approximation":[88],"penalty":[90],"function":[91],"methods,":[92],"where":[93],"optimal":[95],"derived.":[99],"Numerical":[100],"results":[101],"show":[102],"effectiveness":[104],"our":[106],"proposed":[107],"superiority":[111],"compared":[115],"other":[117],"RIS":[118],"counterparts.":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
