{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4375928776","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2023.3273537","title":"Building Wireless Performance Evaluation of Channel Hardening for Massive MIMO System","display_name":"Building Wireless Performance Evaluation of Channel Hardening for Massive MIMO System","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4375928776","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2023.3273537"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcomm.2023.3273537","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2023.3273537","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046568134","display_name":"Yixin Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5158-9471"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yixin Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100320402","display_name":"Jiliang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3750-6841"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiliang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100436731","display_name":"Jie Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3354-0690"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046568134"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2674,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.51605172,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"7","first_page":"1874","last_page":"1878"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11158","display_name":"Wireless Networks and Protocols","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.8693709373474121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7642358541488647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-method","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","score":0.6195845603942871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.585444450378418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5842514634132385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardening","display_name":"Hardening (computing)","score":0.4973779022693634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.48528215289115906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3027347922325134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2545507550239563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12355780601501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11679759621620178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.08617064356803894}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.8693709373474121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7642358541488647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.6195845603942871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.585444450378418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5842514634132385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44255700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q978423","display_name":"Hardening (computing)","level":3,"score":0.4973779022693634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.48528215289115906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3027347922325134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2545507550239563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12355780601501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11679759621620178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.08617064356803894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcomm.2023.3273537","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2023.3273537","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.800000011920929}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6685280496","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"11088","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338388","funder_display_name":"Eurostars"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338388","display_name":"Eurostars","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1509061701","https://openalex.org/W2191948661","https://openalex.org/W2770606349","https://openalex.org/W2964181991","https://openalex.org/W2995196942","https://openalex.org/W3015270897","https://openalex.org/W3043158753","https://openalex.org/W3045440537","https://openalex.org/W3045526577","https://openalex.org/W3206076386","https://openalex.org/W4382203309","https://openalex.org/W6772001987"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2545343974","https://openalex.org/W2393870460","https://openalex.org/W4284894156","https://openalex.org/W2161803855","https://openalex.org/W4291895924","https://openalex.org/W1783583321","https://openalex.org/W2134539662","https://openalex.org/W3110774753","https://openalex.org/W2036855152","https://openalex.org/W2254578859"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"letter":[1],"proposes":[2],"the":[3,32,49,55,66,74,77],"first":[4,22],"building":[5,42],"wireless":[6],"performance":[7],"evaluation":[8,85],"scheme":[9,68,86],"considering":[10],"channel":[11,26,37],"hardening":[12,27,38],"for":[13,54],"an":[14],"indoor":[15,71],"massive":[16,99],"multiple-input":[17],"multiple-output":[18],"(MIMO)":[19],"system.":[20],"We":[21],"define":[23],"a":[24,41],"metric,":[25],"obstruction":[28],"(CHO),":[29],"to":[30,64,90],"describe":[31],"expectation":[33],"value":[34],"change":[35],"of":[36],"ratio":[39],"that":[40],"under":[43,69],"design":[44,91],"(BUD)":[45],"brings":[46],"about.":[47],"Then,":[48],"closed-form":[50],"expressions":[51],"are":[52],"derived":[53],"defined":[56],"metric.":[57],"Finally,":[58],"we":[59],"carry":[60],"out":[61],"Monte-Carlo":[62],"simulations":[63],"validate":[65],"proposed":[67,84],"various":[70],"scenarios,":[72],"indicating":[73],"correlation":[75],"between":[76],"CHO":[78],"and":[79],"BUD\u2019s":[80],"room":[81],"amount.":[82],"The":[83],"can":[87],"be":[88],"used":[89],"new":[92],"or":[93],"retrofit":[94],"existing":[95],"buildings":[96],"with":[97],"adequate":[98],"MIMO":[100],"performance.":[101]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-12-21T01:58:51.020947","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
