{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4321488102","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2023.3247176","title":"Single-Photon-Memory Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Secure Direct Communication\u2014Part II: A Practical Protocol and its Secrecy Capacity","display_name":"Single-Photon-Memory Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Secure Direct Communication\u2014Part II: A Practical Protocol and its Secrecy Capacity","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4321488102","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2023.3247176"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcomm.2023.3247176","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2023.3247176","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/475447/1/lajos2.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102782008","display_name":"Xiangjie Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiang-Jie Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1458-6439","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066209629","display_name":"Dong Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3922-1308"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150858","display_name":"Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04nqf9k60","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210150858"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3922-1308","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150858"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108056437","display_name":"Gui\u2010Lu Long","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9023-1579"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150858","display_name":"Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04nqf9k60","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210150858"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156423","display_name":"National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/04c3j3t84","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156423"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gui-Lu Long","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Beijing, China","Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, China","Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156423"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150858"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150858"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091122305","display_name":"Lajos Hanzo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2636-5214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lajos Hanzo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2636-5214","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.807,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9420785,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"4","first_page":"1060","last_page":"1064"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10622","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11414","display_name":"Quantum optics and atomic interactions","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7114710211753845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.7005293965339661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.5460143685340881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secrecy","display_name":"Secrecy","score":0.5088315606117249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.5077813267707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photon","display_name":"Photon","score":0.5077098608016968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-information-science","display_name":"Quantum information science","score":0.47478386759757996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.4428941607475281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.36862409114837646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-entanglement","display_name":"Quantum entanglement","score":0.22165626287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1621057391166687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12463957071304321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11697185039520264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.11362865567207336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.1017187237739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7114710211753845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.7005293965339661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.5460143685340881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776452267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1503443","display_name":"Secrecy","level":2,"score":0.5088315606117249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5077813267707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159317903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3198","display_name":"Photon","level":2,"score":0.5077098608016968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5320026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122216","display_name":"Quantum information science","level":4,"score":0.47478386759757996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.4428941607475281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.36862409114837646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121040770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215675","display_name":"Quantum entanglement","level":3,"score":0.22165626287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1621057391166687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12463957071304321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11697185039520264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.11362865567207336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.1017187237739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcomm.2023.3247176","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2023.3247176","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:475447","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/475447/1/lajos2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401019","display_name":"ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","host_organization_name":"University of Southampton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:475447","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/475447/1/lajos2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401019","display_name":"ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","host_organization_name":"University of Southampton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1131370387","display_name":"UKRI-India Future Networks Initiative","funder_award_id":"EP/W016605/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1471839284","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/W016605/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G202014857","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018B030325002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322392","funder_display_name":"Tsinghua University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2394373749","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"789028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","funder_display_name":"European Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2490835098","display_name":"Pervasive Wireless Intelligence Beyond the Generations (PerCom)","funder_award_id":"EP/X01228X/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2544329817","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"789028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3811542566","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"11974205","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322392","funder_display_name":"Tsinghua University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4279125723","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/W016605/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322392","funder_display_name":"Tsinghua University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5365634839","display_name":"\u6d4b\u91cf\u8bbe\u5907\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u5b89\u5168\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u4fe1\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"11974205","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6154338419","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/X01228X/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322392","funder_display_name":"Tsinghua University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6495392424","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"/W016605/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6837542917","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018B030325002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327539","funder_display_name":"Beijing Innovation Center for Future Chip"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7071189083","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12205011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G76247503","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"11974205","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327539","funder_display_name":"Beijing Innovation Center for Future Chip"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7731819942","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018B030325002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8269789390","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/X01228X/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322392","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327539","display_name":"Beijing Innovation Center for Future Chip","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330357","display_name":"Tsinghua Initiative Scientific Research Program","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","display_name":"European Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0472cxd90"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4321488102.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4321488102.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964301469","https://openalex.org/W1972907022","https://openalex.org/W2019018899","https://openalex.org/W2019336689","https://openalex.org/W2020272675","https://openalex.org/W2051051926","https://openalex.org/W2093144089","https://openalex.org/W2149670700","https://openalex.org/W2891574058","https://openalex.org/W2918345445","https://openalex.org/W2963636894","https://openalex.org/W2996463421","https://openalex.org/W3003217038","https://openalex.org/W3039392248","https://openalex.org/W3039872054","https://openalex.org/W3083797286","https://openalex.org/W3088335511","https://openalex.org/W3097882824","https://openalex.org/W3154681257","https://openalex.org/W3191739593","https://openalex.org/W3199578183","https://openalex.org/W4221123351","https://openalex.org/W4294660179","https://openalex.org/W4321488102"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2493929861","https://openalex.org/W2016567611","https://openalex.org/W2475541339","https://openalex.org/W565335793","https://openalex.org/W2363071176","https://openalex.org/W2107199751","https://openalex.org/W4243812570","https://openalex.org/W4300441478","https://openalex.org/W2062965938","https://openalex.org/W99756173"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,27,41],"Part":[1,29],"I":[2],"of":[3,21,63,82,101],"this":[4,28,86],"two-part":[5],"letter":[6],"on":[7,126],"single-photon-memory":[8],"measurement-device-independent":[9,53],"quantum":[10,22,64,73,97],"secure":[11,23],"direct":[12,24],"communication":[13,25],"(SPMQC),":[14],"we":[15,31,88],"reviewed":[16],"the":[17,45,52,80,90,102,114],"fundamentals":[18],"and":[19,36,113],"evolution":[20],"(QSDC).":[26],"II,":[30],"propose":[32,89],"a":[33],"practical":[34,50,72],"protocol":[35,56,92,104],"analyze":[37],"its":[38],"secrecy":[39],"capacity.":[40],"order":[42],"to":[43,121],"eliminate":[44],"security":[46],"loopholes":[47],"resulting":[48],"from":[49],"detectors,":[51],"(MDI)":[54],"QSDC":[55],"has":[57],"been":[58],"proposed.":[59],"However,":[60],"block-based":[61],"transmission":[62],"states":[65],"is":[66,76,105,119],"utilized":[67],"in":[68],"MDI-QSDC,":[69],"which":[70],"requires":[71],"memory":[74],"that":[75,117],"still":[77],"unavailable":[78],"at":[79],"time":[81],"writing.":[83],"For":[84],"circumventing":[85],"impediment,":[87],"SPMQC":[91,123],"for":[93],"dispensing":[94],"with":[95],"high-performance":[96],"memory.":[98],"The":[99],"performance":[100],"proposed":[103],"characterized":[106],"by":[107,124],"simulations":[108],"considering":[109],"realistic":[110],"experimental":[111],"parameters,":[112],"results":[115],"show":[116],"it":[118],"feasible":[120],"implement":[122],"relying":[125],"existing":[127],"technology.":[128]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
