{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312255685","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2022.3222574","title":"Fast Fluid Antenna Multiple Access Enabling Massive Connectivity","display_name":"Fast Fluid Antenna Multiple Access Enabling Massive Connectivity","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312255685","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2022.3222574"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcomm.2022.3222574","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2022.3222574","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10159982/1/FINAL%20VERSION.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011048761","display_name":"Kai\u2010Kit Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7521-0078"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kai-Kit Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089309705","display_name":"Kin\u2010Fai Tong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3913-0227"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kin-Fai Tong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100720887","display_name":"Yu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4642-0898"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering (SICE), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering (SICE), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100383221","display_name":"Yangyang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7588-6967"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087919","display_name":"Kuang-Chi (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/002thpc56","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087919"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yangyang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kuang-Chi Science Ltd., Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kuang-Chi Science Ltd., Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087919"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011048761"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":38.2319,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":65,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99718838,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"2","first_page":"711","last_page":"715"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6834753751754761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.46165168285369873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.36722463369369507}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6834753751754761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.46165168285369873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.36722463369369507}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcomm.2022.3222574","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2022.3222574","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:10159982","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10159982/","pdf_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10159982/1/FINAL%20VERSION.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"   IEEE Communications Letters , 27  (2)   711 -715.   (2023)      ","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:10159982","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10159982/","pdf_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10159982/1/FINAL%20VERSION.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"   IEEE Communications Letters , 27  (2)   711 -715.   (2023)      ","raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2842576049","display_name":"Fluid Antenna Systems for 6G Wireless Communications: Implementation, System Optimisation and Theoretical Analysis","funder_award_id":"EP/W026813/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2956197116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/W026813/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4312255685.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4312255685.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2049067553","https://openalex.org/W2051951526","https://openalex.org/W2053521124","https://openalex.org/W2053874740","https://openalex.org/W2119478661","https://openalex.org/W2157397389","https://openalex.org/W2168587388","https://openalex.org/W2327817444","https://openalex.org/W2768299214","https://openalex.org/W2922148583","https://openalex.org/W3021735486","https://openalex.org/W3107232831","https://openalex.org/W3145258291","https://openalex.org/W4206671696","https://openalex.org/W4213288133","https://openalex.org/W4220978974","https://openalex.org/W4223467657","https://openalex.org/W4280541535","https://openalex.org/W4288388736","https://openalex.org/W4323896643","https://openalex.org/W4366147759","https://openalex.org/W4384917080"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Massive":[0],"connectivity":[1],"over":[2],"wireless":[3],"channels":[4],"relies":[5],"on":[6,71,123],"aggressive":[7],"spectrum":[8],"sharing":[9],"techniques.":[10],"Conventionally,":[11],"this":[12,39],"may":[13],"be":[14],"achieved":[15,190],"by":[16,62],"sophisticated":[17],"signal":[18,109],"processing":[19],"and":[20,65,116,157,163,200],"optimization":[21],"of":[22,68,112,141,187],"applying":[23],"multiple":[24,76,83],"antennas":[25,115,179],"and/or":[26],"complex":[27],"multiuser":[28],"decoding":[29,159],"at":[30,52,100,146,160,167],"each":[31,53,107,111,118,161],"user":[32],"terminal":[33],"(UT).":[34],"Different":[35],"from":[36,110],"previous":[37],"methods,":[38],"letter":[40],"proposes":[41],"a":[42,72,95,134,175,184,196,213],"radical":[43],"approach":[44,152],"for":[45,75,144,174],"massive":[46],"connectivity,":[47],"which":[48],"employs":[49],"fluid":[50,81,128,142],"antenna":[51,82,98,143],"UT":[54,119,162],"to":[55,105,210],"exploit":[56],"the":[57,66,101,113,121,138,168,193],"interference":[58,122],"null,":[59],"created":[60],"naturally":[61],"multipath":[63,201],"propagation":[64],"randomness":[67],"UT\u2019s":[69,108],"data,":[70],"symbol-by-symbol":[73],"basis":[74],"access.":[77],"The":[78,150,204],"proposed":[79,151],"fast":[80],"access":[84],"(":[85],"<inline-formula":[86],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[87],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[88],"<tex-math":[89],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$f$":[90],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[91],"-FAMA)":[92],"system":[93],"adopts":[94],"large,":[96],"distributed":[97],"array":[99],"base":[102],"station":[103],"(BS)":[104],"transmit":[106],"BS":[114,176,215],"lets":[117],"overcome":[120],"its":[124,127],"own":[125],"using":[126],"antenna.":[129],"Our":[130],"main":[131],"contribution":[132],"is":[133,189,202,216],"technique":[135],"that":[136,173],"estimates":[137],"best":[139],"port":[140],"reception":[145],"every":[147],"symbol":[148],"instance.":[149],"needs":[153],"only":[154],"cross-correlation":[155],"calculations":[156],"single-user":[158],"requires":[164],"no":[165],"precoding":[166],"BS.":[169],"Simulation":[170],"results":[171],"demonstrate":[172],"with":[177],"16":[178,181],"supporting":[180],"co-channel":[182,219],"users,":[183],"multiplexing":[185,205],"gain":[186,206],"14.87":[188],"even":[191],"when":[192],"channel":[194],"has":[195],"strong":[197],"line-of-sight":[198],"(LoS)":[199],"few.":[203],"can":[207],"also":[208],"rise":[209],"24.36":[211],"if":[212],"30-antenna":[214],"serving":[217],"30":[218],"users.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":15}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
