{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3206876859","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2022.3155739","title":"Performance Analysis for Covert Communications Under Faster-Than-Nyquist Signaling","display_name":"Performance Analysis for Covert Communications Under Faster-Than-Nyquist Signaling","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3206876859","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2022.3155739","mag":"3206876859"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcomm.2022.3155739","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2022.3155739","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007722626","display_name":"Yuan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5981-324X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5981-324X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100424312","display_name":"Yuchen Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3153-4000"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuchen Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3153-4000","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100643698","display_name":"Jianquan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3904-2817"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164386","display_name":"Hebei Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/05k812a28","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164386"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianquan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","Science and Technology on Communication Networks Laboratory, Shijiazhuang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3904-2817","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Communication Networks Laboratory, Shijiazhuang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164386"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075170127","display_name":"Wanyu Xiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-7118"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wanyu Xiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-7118","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057602175","display_name":"Sa Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9044-274X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164386","display_name":"Hebei Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/05k812a28","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164386"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sa Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","Science and Technology on Communication Networks Laboratory, Shijiazhuang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9044-274X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Communication Networks Laboratory, Shijiazhuang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164386"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038647640","display_name":"Liang Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6685-5576"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing ATV Technology Company Ltd., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing ATV Technology Company Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030002011","display_name":"Wanbin Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2346-9907"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wanbin Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2346-9907","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007722626"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4016,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88673012,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"6","first_page":"1240","last_page":"1244"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covert","display_name":"Covert","score":0.6307915449142456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nyquist\u2013shannon-sampling-theorem","display_name":"Nyquist\u2013Shannon sampling theorem","score":0.6059842109680176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/divergence","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","score":0.513267993927002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5035714507102966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nyquist-rate","display_name":"Nyquist rate","score":0.487839013338089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter-power-output","display_name":"Transmitter power output","score":0.45570501685142517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.41564059257507324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rayleigh-fading","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","score":0.4148254692554474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4014281630516052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.3686562776565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.34079793095588684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3394746780395508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.14022845029830933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sampling","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","score":0.10973992943763733}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779338814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179285","display_name":"Covert","level":2,"score":0.6307915449142456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C288623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679800","display_name":"Nyquist\u2013Shannon sampling theorem","level":2,"score":0.6059842109680176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207390915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230525","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.513267993927002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5035714507102966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65914096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6273772","display_name":"Nyquist rate","level":4,"score":0.487839013338089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.45570501685142517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.41564059257507324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56985126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854039","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","level":4,"score":0.4148254692554474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4014281630516052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.3686562776565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.34079793095588684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3394746780395508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.14022845029830933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.10973992943763733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcomm.2022.3155739","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2022.3155739","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1002477505","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021T140095","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1513450031","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZYGX2021J042","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329878","funder_display_name":"Central University Basic Research Fund of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4301676923","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62001094","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4817829937","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020M683290","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6339383149","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U19B2014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329878","display_name":"Central University Basic Research Fund of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W182452766","https://openalex.org/W581334404","https://openalex.org/W1897081267","https://openalex.org/W1965392255","https://openalex.org/W1991567646","https://openalex.org/W2060500262","https://openalex.org/W2068329841","https://openalex.org/W2098346479","https://openalex.org/W2106185713","https://openalex.org/W2147920745","https://openalex.org/W2520254013","https://openalex.org/W2804699378","https://openalex.org/W2809857136","https://openalex.org/W2893082680","https://openalex.org/W2974507568","https://openalex.org/W2995871772","https://openalex.org/W3092473865","https://openalex.org/W3102020296","https://openalex.org/W3102424709","https://openalex.org/W3128947043","https://openalex.org/W3135368354","https://openalex.org/W3154195131"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2368043784","https://openalex.org/W2576230203","https://openalex.org/W3015557210","https://openalex.org/W2009568739","https://openalex.org/W1570358496","https://openalex.org/W2210983845","https://openalex.org/W2119667497","https://openalex.org/W2103898286","https://openalex.org/W2187962242","https://openalex.org/W2112578300"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"letter,":[2],"we":[3,41],"analyze":[4],"the":[5,17,45,70],"performance":[6],"of":[7,72],"covert":[8,50,77],"communications":[9],"under":[10,52,59],"<italic":[11,27],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[12,28],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">faster-than-Nyquist</i>":[13],"(FTN)":[14],"signaling":[15,54,74],"in":[16],"Rayleigh":[18],"block":[19],"fading":[20],"channel.":[21],"Both":[22],"maximum":[23,46],"likelihood":[24],"criterion-":[25],"and":[26,49,68],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Kullback-Leibler</i>":[29],"(KL)":[30],"divergence-based":[31,39],"covertness":[32],"constraints":[33],"are":[34,55],"considered.":[35],"Especially,":[36],"for":[37],"KL":[38],"one,":[40],"prove":[42],"that":[43],"both":[44],"transmit":[47],"power":[48],"rate":[51],"FTN":[53,73],"higher":[56],"than":[57],"those":[58],"Nyquist":[60],"signaling.":[61],"Numerical":[62],"results":[63],"coincide":[64],"with":[65],"our":[66],"analysis":[67],"validate":[69],"advantages":[71],"to":[75],"realize":[76],"data":[78],"transmission.":[79]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
